考研考博-英語-廣西理工職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西理工職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

15.

問題1選項

A.Shemakesalivingnowasadressmaker.

B.Shemakesalivingnowasalandlady.

C.Sheworriesalotaboutherhealth.

D.Shenowlivesonherpension.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Doyouwork?

W:Iamadressmaker，butIhaven’tworkedforayear.

M:Thenhowcanyoumanagetolivewithoutworking?

W:Ihaveatenant.

M:Doyouoftenworryaboutthings?

W:Iusedtoworrybutnotnow.Iknowit'snotworthit.

Q:Whatistrueaboutthewoman?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士說：Ihaveatenant（我有房客），即她是房東。

2.單選題

Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.Throughtechnology,scienceimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.

Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosityhewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisgoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandapplieslogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.Heutilizesthefactsheobservestothefullestextent.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum.

Heisskeptical—hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailableandthereforerejectsauthorityasthesolebasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelytoverifythem.

Furthermore,heisnotonlycriticaloftheworkofothers,butalsoofhisown,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly,heishighlyimaginativesinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,heneedsimaginationifhewantstomakehypothesesofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

1.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutcuriosity?

3.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldnot（）.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetopic?

問題1選項

A.appliedknowledge

B.morethanoneaspect

C.technologyonly

D.theuseofmachines

問題2選項

A.Itgivesthescientistconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

B.Itgivesrisetointerestinproblemsthatareunexplained.

C.Itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

D.Itencouragesthescientisttolookfornewwaysofacting.

問題3選項

A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements

B.easilycriticizeothers’researchwork

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation

問題4選項

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodernsociety.

C.Scientists’waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientific.

問題5選項

A.Critical

B.Objective

C.Biased

D.Unclear

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience(然而，許多人認(rèn)為社會的進(jìn)步取決于科學(xué)的兩個不同方面)。因此B項“不止一個方面”正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞curiosity定位至第三段。A:它賦予了科學(xué)家在工作中的信心和樂趣。第三段最后一句指出:Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves(除此之外，他認(rèn)為自己能夠改善現(xiàn)有的條件并享受努力解決相關(guān)問題的過程)。由此可見，A項符合原文所述。B:它激發(fā)人們對未解之謎的興趣。該段還指出:hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks(他想要發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙運(yùn)行的原因和方式)。這里的howandwhytheuniverseworks相當(dāng)于B項的problemsthatareunexplained，由此可見，B項符合原文所述。C:它引導(dǎo)人們研究(調(diào)查)潛在的聯(lián)系。根據(jù)該段中的“hiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected(他的這種好奇心促使他去探尋事物之間潛藏的聯(lián)系，即使相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)顯示這些事物之間似乎沒有聯(lián)系)”可知C項也符合原文所述。D:它鼓勵科學(xué)家尋找新的行為方式。只有D項在原文中找不到相關(guān)信息，故本題選D。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第五段指出:hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable(他不會去接受那些不是基于充分的證據(jù)的論斷)。因此A項“輕易相信未經(jīng)檢查的陳述”正確。

第4題:主旨大意題。本文采取總—分的結(jié)構(gòu)，先是總述:科學(xué)在社會中起著重要作用，然而，許多人都認(rèn)為社會的進(jìn)步取決于科學(xué)的兩個不同的方面。后面重點講了科學(xué)的第二個方面，即科學(xué)家在工作的過程中所使用的思考和行為方法，因此C項“科學(xué)家思考和行動的方式”是文章重點討論的。

第5題:觀點態(tài)度題。此文章為說明文。文章只是客觀陳述了許多人認(rèn)為決定社會進(jìn)步的兩個不同的科學(xué)方面，重點介紹了科學(xué)家在工作的過程中所使用的思考和行為方法，并未摻雜個人觀點及情感，故選B項。

3.填空題

IwishthatJohnwouldwritemore（

）.Icanneverreadhisnotesandletters

【答案】clearly

【解析】語義題。句意:我希望John寫字更清楚些,我看不懂他的筆記和信件。這里需要填一個副詞,修飾wirte(寫)。

4.單選題

Determiningthemineralcontentofsoilsamplesisanexactingprocess,（）expertsmustperformdetailedteststoanalyzesoilspecimens.

問題1選項

A.sothat

B.however

C.afterwards

D.therefore

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項sothat“以便；所以是”；B選項however“無論如何；不管怎樣；然而；可是”；C選項afterwards“后來；然后”；D選項therefore“因此；所以”。句意：確定土壤樣品的礦物含量是一個嚴(yán)格的過程，（）專家必須進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的測試來分析土壤樣品。根據(jù)句意可知空格處應(yīng)表示所以，因為D選項正確。

5.單選題

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally（

）.

問題1選項

A.deteriorated

B.dissipated

C.dispersed

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。deteriorate“惡化”；dissipate“浪費”；disperse“分散”；drain“排水；耗盡”。句意：在同一份工作上干了四年，他對工作的熱情慢慢耗盡了。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Despitethesuspect’s（）tobeinnocent,thereiscompellingevidencethathewasinvolved.

問題1選項

A.assertion

B.conviction

C.speculation

D.accusation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項assertion“斷言；主張；認(rèn)定”；B選項conviction“定罪；確信；堅定的信仰”；C選項speculation“投機(jī)；推測；思索”；D選項accusation“控告；譴責(zé)”。句意：盡管嫌疑犯（）自己無辜，但他參與了此事證據(jù)確鑿。根據(jù)語境，嫌疑犯assertion“斷言；主張；認(rèn)定”自己無辜比較合理。因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

ForthousandsofCanadians,badserviceisneithermake-believenoramusing.Itisanaggravatingandworseningreal-lifephenomenonthatencompassesbehaviorrangingfromindifferenceandrudenesstonakedhostilityandevenphysicalviolence.Acrossthecountry,betterbusinessbureausreportalengtheninglitanyofcomplaintsaboutcontractors,cardealers,repairshops,movingcompanies,airlinesanddepartmentstores.Thereisalmostanadversarialfeelingbetweenbusinessesandconsumers.

Expertssaythereareseveralexplanationsforillfeelinginthemarketplace.Oneisthatcustomerservicewasanearlyandinevitablecasualtywhenretailersrespondedtobrutalcompetitionbyreplacingemployeeswithtechnologysuchas1~800numbersandvoicemail.Anotherfactoristhatbusinessgenerallyhasbegunplacingmoreemphasisongettingcustomersthanonkeepingthem.Stillanotheristhatstrident,frustratedandimpatientshoppersvexshopownersandmakethemevenlesshospitable—especiallyatbusiertimesoftheyearlikeChristmas.Onbothsides,simplecourtesyhasgonebytheboard.Andforamultitudeofconsumers,servicewentwithit.

TheBetterBusinessBureauatVancouvergets250complaintsaweek,twiceasmanyasfiveyearsago.Thebureauthenhadonecomplaintscounselorandnowhasfour.Peoplecomplainaboutbeinginsulted,havingtheirintelligenceandintegrityquestioned,andbeingthreatened.Onewillhearaboutpeoplebeinghauledalmostbodilyoutthedoorbysomebodysayingthingslike“Idon’thavetoserveyou!”or“thisisprivateproperty,getoutanddon’tcomeback!”Whatcancustomersdo?Ifthebureau’sarbitrationprocessfailstosettleadispute,acustomer’sonlyrecourseistosueinsmallclaimscourt.Butbecauseofthecostsandtimeittakes,relativelyfeweverdo.

Thereisalotofsupportforthenotionthatservicehas,inpart,fallenvictimtogenerationalchange.Manyyoungpeopleregardretailing“asjustadead-endjobthatyou’rejustgoingtodotemporarilyonyourwaytoarealjob”.Youngclerksoftenlackbothknowledgeandcivility.Employersarehavingtotrainyoungpeopleinsimplemannersbecausethatisnotbeingdoneathome.Salespeopletoday,especiallytheyoungerones,havegrownupinatelevision-computersocietywherethey’veinteractedlargelywithmachines.Oneofthebiggestcomplaintsfrombusinessesaboutgraduatesisthelackofinterpersonalskills.

Whatcustomersreallywantisaccess.Theywanttogetthroughwhentheycall,theydon’twantbusysignals,theydon’twantinteractivesystemstellingthemtopushoneforthisandtwoforthat—theydon’twantvoicemail.Andifcustomersdonotgetwhattheywant,theydefect.Somepeoplegobacktolocalsmallbusinesses:theAsiangreengrocer,aGreekbakerandaGreekfishmonger.Theydon’twearnametags,butonegetstoknowthem,allbyname.

46.Atabusinessplaceofbadservice,theworstonecangetis（）.

47.Oneofthereasonsforsuchillfeelinginthemarketplaceisthat（）.

48.WhathaschangedatVancouverBelerServiceBurcauinthepastfiveyears?（）

49.Youngclerksoftenlackinterpersonalskillschieflybecausethey（）.

50.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsbusinessesandbadserviceis（）them.

問題1選項

A.indifferenceandrudeness

B.nakedhostilityandphysicalviolence

C.havingintelligenceandintegrityquestioned

D.beinginsultedandthreatened

問題2選項

A.shoppersareusuallystrident,frustratedandimpatient

B.shoppersoftentakebusinessestocourttosettlethem

C.businessesusenewtechnologyinsteadofemployee

D.businessesarekeenonkeepingcustomers,notgettingthem

問題3選項

A.Moreeffective.

B.Lessbureaucracy.

C.Morebusiness.

D.Betterstaff.

問題4選項

A.areskilledindealingwithmachinesnotpeople

B.arenottrainedinsimplemannersathome

C.fallvictimstogenerationalchange

D.takeretailingtobeatemporaryjob

問題5選項

A.attacking

B.understanding

C.regretting

D.warning

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】46.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題意定位到文章第一段第二句“Itisanaggravatingandworseningreal-lifephenomenonthatencompassesbehaviorrangingfromindifferenceandrudenesstonakedhostilityandevenphysicalviolence.（它是一個正在不斷惡化的現(xiàn)實生活中的現(xiàn)象，包括從漠不關(guān)心、粗俗無禮到不加掩飾的惡意甚至身體暴力等一系列行為。）”可知，這些劣質(zhì)服務(wù)行為按照嚴(yán)重程度遞增排列。A選項“冷漠和粗魯”；B選項“赤裸裸的敵意和身體暴力”；C選項“智力和正直受到質(zhì)疑”；D選項“被侮辱和威脅”，其中最惡劣的是不加掩飾的惡意甚至身體暴力，因此B選項正確。

47.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題意定位到文章第二段，第二段分析了三個原因。第一個原因是：零售商應(yīng)對殘酷的競爭采用技術(shù)取代員工。第二個原因是：商家一般都開始把重點更多放在贏得顧客而不是保持顧客上。第三個原因是：一些吵鬧的、失望的沒有耐心的購買者經(jīng)常惹惱店主。A選項“購物者通常是刺耳的、沮喪的和不耐煩的”只是個別現(xiàn)象；B選項“購物者經(jīng)常把商家告上法庭”文中沒有提到；C選項“商家使用技術(shù)替代員工”符合題意；D選項“企業(yè)熱衷于留住顧客，而不是得到他們”與文意不符，因此C選項正確。

48.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題意定位到文章第三段的第一句“TheBetterBusinessBureauatVancouvergets250complaintsaweek,twiceasmanyasfiveyearsago.Thebureauthenhadonecomplaintscounselorandnowhasfour.（溫哥華商業(yè)促進(jìn)局每周接到250起投訴，是五年前的兩倍。該局當(dāng)時只有一名投訴顧問，現(xiàn)在有四名。）”可知，投訴多了，業(yè)務(wù)更加繁忙了。A選項“效率更高”；B選項“官僚作風(fēng)減少”；D選項“更好的職員”文中沒有提到，C選項“更多的業(yè)務(wù)”符合題意，因此C選項正確。

49.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題意可定位到文章第四段，第四段提到了服務(wù)成了代與代之間變化的受害者并對其進(jìn)行了闡述。A選項“擅長與機(jī)器而非人打交道”與年輕職員人際交流能力差相關(guān)，而且是直接原因；B選項“在家沒有接受簡單的禮儀訓(xùn)練”；C選項“成為代與代之間變化的受害者”；D選項“將零售視為臨時的工作”都是年輕人其他方面的表現(xiàn)，因此A選項正確。

50.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者意圖題。文中作者主要描述了劣質(zhì)服務(wù)的存在及分析其原因。最后一段作者寫到顧客真正想要的是一個接近的機(jī)會。如果顧客得不到他們想要的服務(wù)，他們就會跑掉。由此可見作者是在呼吁并警告服務(wù)行業(yè)要善于找出他們的服務(wù)問題并進(jìn)行改善。A選項“攻擊的”；B選項“理解的”；C選項“懊悔的”；D選項“警告的”，因此D選項正確。

8.單選題

Ingeneral,matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe____concernofstategovernment.

問題1選項

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析與上下文語義。A選項extinct“滅絕的”；B選項excluding“不包括”；C選項excessive“過多的，極度的”；D選項exclusive“獨有的；排外的”。句意：一般來說，完全在州界內(nèi)的事務(wù)是州政府的____關(guān)注。本句要表達(dá)的是，州界內(nèi)的事務(wù)是州政府應(yīng)該關(guān)注的事，D選項exclusive“獨有的；排外的”最符合句意。B選項excluding是介詞，原文缺少一個形容詞，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為D。

9.單選題

We’veseena(n)

(

)

trendofconsumerssayingtheywillspendmore,fromholidayshoppingto2012travelplans,andspendingplansforFeb.14arenoexception.

問題1選項

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.insistent

D.resistant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近形容詞辨析。consistent“前后一致的；堅持的“；persistent”固執(zhí)的；堅持的“；insistent”堅持的；迫切的；顯著的“；resistant”反抗的；頑固的“。句意：從假日購物到2012年的旅游計劃，我們已經(jīng)看到消費者將增加消費的……傾向，2月14日的消費計劃也不例外。按照句意，A選項符合，指這種消費傾向保持一致。

10.單選題

Thecourseleaderrequeststhatallthesesarehandedinbefore5:00p.m.nextFriday.

A

B

C

D

問題1選項

A.theses

B.are

C.in

D.nextFriday

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。當(dāng)表示“建議、請求、命令、要求”等主觀意向的詞（suggest，advise，propose，recommend，demand，request等）引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，從句需用虛擬語氣：（should）+動詞原形，should可以省略。

試題答案：B;be

11.單選題

Dowomentendtodevaluetheworthoftheirwork?Dotheyapplydifferentstandardstorewardingtheirownworkmorecriticallythantheydotorewardingtheworkofothers?ThesewerethequestionsaskedbyMichiganStateUniversitypsychologistsLawrenceMesseandCharleneCallahan-Levy.Pastexperimentshadshownthatwhenwomenwereaskedtodecidehowmuchtopaythemselvesandotherpeopleforthesamejob,theypaidthemselvesless.Followinguponthisfinding,MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations.

Onetheorythepsychologiststestedwasthatwomenjudgetheirownworkmoreharshlythanthatofothers.ThesubjectsfortheexperimenttestingthistheoryweremenandwomenfromtheMichiganStateundergraduatestudentbody.Thejobthesubjectswereaskedtoperformforpaywasanopinionquestionnairerequiringanumberofshortessaysoncampus-relatedissues.Aftercompletingthequestionnaire,somesubjectsweregivensixdollarsinbillsandchangeandwereaskedtodecidepaymentforthemselves.Othersweregiventhesameamountandwereaskedtodecidepaymentforanothersubjectwhohadalsocompletedthequestionnaire.

Thepsychologistsfoundthat,asinearlierexperiments,thewomenpaidthemselveslessthanthemenpaidthemselves.Theyalsofoundthatthewomenpaidthemselveslessthantheypaidotherwomenandlessthanthemenpaidthewomen.Thedifferencesweresubstantial.Theaveragepaidtowomenbythemselveswas$2.97.Theaveragepaidtomenbythemselveswas$4.06.Theaveragepaidtowomenbyotherswas$4.37.Inspiteofthedifferences,thepsychologistsfoundthatthemenandthewomenintheexperimentevaluatedtheirownperformancesonthequestionnaireaboutequallyandbetterthantheexpectedperformancesofothers.

Onthebasisofthesefindings,MesseandCallahan-Levyconcludedthatwomen'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirworkcannotbebasedentirelyontheirjudgmentoftheirownability.

1.Theexperimentdesignedinthepassagewouldbemostrelevanttotheformulation(表述)ofatheoryconcerningthe________.

2.HowistheresearchofMesseandCallahan-Levyrelatedtoearlierexperimentsinthesamefield?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythefactsstatedinthepassage?

4.TheworkofMesseandCallahan-Levytendstosupportwhichofthefollowingnotions?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.

問題1選項

A.generallylowersalariesreceivedbywomenworkersincomparisontomen

B.reluctanceofsomewomentoenterprofessionsthataretraditionallydominatedbymen

C.anxietyexpressedbysomewomenworkersindealingwithmalesupervisors

D.prejudicesoftensufferedbywomeninattemptingtoentertheworkforce

問題2選項

A.Itsuggestsaneedtodiscardmethodsusedinearlierexperiments.

B.Ittendstoweakentheassumptionsonwhichearlierexperimentsweredesigned.

C.Itsuggeststhattheproblemrevealedinearlierexperimentsmaybemorewidespreadthanpreviouslythought.

D.Ithelpstoexplainaphenomenonrevealedinearlierexperiments

問題3選項

A.Mentendtopaythemselvesmorethantheypayothermenforthesamework.

B.Womentendtopaymenmorethantheypayotherwomenforthesamework.

C.Mentendtopaywomenlessthantheypayothermenforthesamework.

D.Noneoftheabove.

問題4選項

A.Womenaregenerallylessconcernedwithfinancialrewardsfortheirworkthanmenare.

B.Menarewillingtopaywomenmorethanwomenarewillingtopaythemselves.

C.Paymentforworkshouldgenerallybedirectlyrelatedtothequalityofthework.

D.Womenjudgetheirownworkmorecruciallythantheyjudgetheworkofmen.

問題5選項

A.itisnotalwaysreliabletomeasurewomen’sabilitybyhowmuchtheyearn

B.womenwouldratherattachimportancetosacrificesthanaskforrepaymentfortheirwork

C.womentendtoassesstheirabilityofworkbytheirownself-worthratherthanmonetaryvalues

D.womengenerallyremainindifferenttohowmuchmoneytheyshouldobtainfromtheirwork

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations（Messe和Callahan-Levy設(shè)計了一些實驗，以檢驗為什么女性的薪酬往往較低的幾種流行學(xué)說），可知實驗是為了驗證女性工資普遍較低的相關(guān)話題，A選項“與男性相比，女性員工的工資普遍較低”正確。B選項“一些女性不愿意進(jìn)入傳統(tǒng)上由男性主導(dǎo)的職業(yè)”，C選項“一些女性員工在與男性主管打交道時表現(xiàn)出焦慮”和D選項“在試圖進(jìn)入職場時，女性經(jīng)常遭受偏見”：文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此A選項正確。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句Pastexperimentshadshownthat…Followinguponthisfinding,MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations.（過去的實驗表明……在這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，Messe和Callahan-Levy設(shè)計了一些實驗，以檢驗為什么女性的薪酬往往較低的幾種流行學(xué)說），結(jié)合第三段第一句asinearlierexperiments…Theyalsofoundthat…（與之前的實驗一樣……他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)……），可知Messe和Callahan-Levy的實驗是為了解釋之前實驗現(xiàn)象的原因，結(jié)果與之前的實驗結(jié)果如出一轍，并且有進(jìn)一步的發(fā)現(xiàn)，可以為先前的實驗提供進(jìn)一步的解釋，D選項“有助于解釋在之前實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象”正確。A選項“表明有必要拋棄在之前實驗中使用的方法”：文中沒有提到早期實驗的方法以及對此的看法，屬于無中生有。B選項“傾向于削弱之前實驗設(shè)計所依據(jù)的假設(shè)”：其結(jié)果印證了之前的假設(shè)，屬于反向干擾。C選項“表明早期實驗揭示的問題可能比以前認(rèn)為的更廣泛”：文中沒有提到在早期實驗之前的觀點，屬于無中生有。因此D選項正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。A選項“做同樣的工作，男性付給自己的報酬往往比別人的多”：文中沒有對比男性給自己的和給其他人的金錢差異，屬于無中生有。B選項“做同樣的工作，女性往往付給男性的錢比給其他女性的多”：根據(jù)第三段第一二句thewomenpaidthemselveslessthanthemenpaidthemselves…womenpaidthemselveslessthantheypaidotherwomenandlessthanthemenpaidthewomen.（女性給自己的報酬低于男性給自己的報酬……女性給自己的報酬低于其他女性，也低于男性給女性的報酬），文中沒有對比女性給其他女性和男性的報酬，屬于無中生有。C選項“做同樣的工作，男性付給女性的錢往往比給其他男性的少”：文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有。D選項“以上都不是”：A、B、C選項都不正確，因此D選項正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句thewomenpaidthemselves…lessthanthemenpaidthewomen（女性付給自己的錢比男性付給女性的少），可知男性付給女性的報酬比女性給自己的報酬高，B選項“男性愿意支付給女性的薪水要高于女性愿意支付給自己的薪水”正確。A選項“與男性相比，女性一般不太關(guān)心工作的經(jīng)濟(jì)報酬”：根據(jù)最后一段women'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirwork（女性對其工作相對較低的金錢價值依戀），可知女性沒有男性那么渴望較高的報酬，但不代表女性不關(guān)心自己得到的報酬是多少，屬于推理過度。C選項“工作報酬一般應(yīng)與工作質(zhì)量直接相關(guān)”和D選項“女性評判自己的工作比男性的工作更重要”：文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此B選項正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段women'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirworkcannotbebasedentirelyontheirjudgmentoftheirownability（女性對其工作相對較低的金錢價值依戀，不能完全基于她們對自己能力的判斷），可知女性不那么追求高報酬，并不是因為能力低，A選項“用收入多少來衡量女性的能力并不總是可靠的”正確。B選項“婦女寧愿重視犧牲，也不愿要求對她們工作的回報”和D選項“女性通常對她們應(yīng)該從工作中獲得多少錢漠不關(guān)心”：雖然女性沒有要求那么高的報酬，但不至于對錢漠不關(guān)心，愿意做出巨大的犧牲，屬于推理過度。C選項“女性傾向于通過自我價值而不是金錢價值來評估自己的工作能力”：文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此A選項正確。

12.單選題

Eventhoughitisa（

）explanation,Iamnotcompletelyconvinced.

問題1選項

A.susceptible

B.plausible

C.plentiful

D.reliable

【答案】B

【解析】susceptible易受影響的，易感動的；plausible貌似可信的，貌似有理的；plentiful許多的，豐富的；reliable可靠的，可信賴的。句意：盡管這是一個合理的解釋，但我并不完全信服。選項B符合句意。

13.單選題

Isitpossibletobebothfatandfit—notjustfitenoughtoexercise,butfitenoughtoliveaslongassomeonealotlighter?Notaccordingtoa2004studyfromtheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthwhichlookedat115,000nursesagedbetween30and55,comparedwithwomenwhowereboththinandactive,obese(overweight)butactivewomenhadamortalityratethatwas91%higher.Thoughfarbetterthantheinactiveobese(142%higher),theywerestillworseoffthantheinactivelean(5%higher).Asimilarpictureemergedin2008afterresearchersexamined39,000womenwithanaverageageof54.Comparedwithactivewomenofnormalweight,theactivebutoverweightwere54%morelikelytodevelopheartdisease.

That’ssettled,then.Orisit?StevenBlair,aprofessorofexercisescienceattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,describestheofficialfocusonobesityasan“obsession...andit’snotgroundedinsoliddata”.

Blair’smostfascinatingstudy,intheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationin2007,took2,600peopleaged60andabove,ofvariousdegreesoffatness,andtestedtheirfitnessontheexercisedevice,ratherthanaskingthemtoquantifyitthemselves.Thisisanunusuallyrigorousapproach,heclaims,sincemanyrivalsurveysaskparticipantstoassesstheirownfitness,orignoreitasafactoraltogether.

“Thereisan‘a(chǎn)ssociation’betweenobesityandfitness,”heagrees,“butitisnotperfect.Asyouprogresstowardsoverweight,thepercentageofindividualswhoarefitdoesgodown.Buthere’sashock:amongclassⅡobeseindividuals(withabodymassindexbetween35and39.9),about40%or45%arestillfit.Yousimplycannottellbylookingwhethersomeoneisfitornot.Whenwelookatthesemortalityratesinfatpeoplewhoarefit,weseethattheharmfuleffectoffatjustdisappears:theirdeathrateduringthenextdecadeishalfthatofthenormalweightpeoplewhoareunfit.”

Oneday—probablyaboutahundredyearsfromnow—thisfat-but-fitquestionwillbeansweredwithouttheshadowofadoubt.Inthemeantime,isthereanythingthatalltheexpertsagreeon?Ohyes:howevermuchyourbodyweighs,you’lllivelongerifyoumoveaboutabit.

1.Itcanbelearnedthatthe2008research____.

2.StevenBlairprobablyconsidersthepreviousstudiesas____.

3.ThemajordifferencebetweenBlair’sstudyandthepreviousresearchisthat____.

4.Blair’sstudyprovesthat____.

5.Itcanbeseenfromthedescriptionofthesestudiesthattheauthor____.

6.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto____.

問題1選項

A.posedachallengetothe2004study

B.confirmedthefindingsofthe2004study

C.solvedtheproblemsleftbehindbythe2004study

D.hadadifferentwayofthinkingfromthe2004study

問題2選項

A.unreliable

B.uncreative

C.unrealistic

D.untraditional

問題3選項

A.Blairexcludedtheparticipants’fitnessasafactor

B.Blairguessedtheparticipants’fitnessafterweighingthem

C.Blairrequiredtheparticipantstoassesstheirownfitness

D.Blairevaluatedtheparticipants’fitnessthroughphysicaltests

問題4選項

A.theweightproblemshouldbetakenseriously

B.weightandfitnessarestronglyconnected

C.itispossibletobebothfatandfit

D.fatpeoplehaveahigherdeathrate

問題5選項

A.showsnopreferenceforanyresearcher

B.findsnoagreementbetweentheresearchers

C.obviouslyfavorstheBlairstudy

D.obviouslyfavorstheHarvardstudy

問題6選項

A.callonpeopletopayattentiontoweightproblem

B.presentthedifferentfindingsofvariousweightstudies

C.comparethestrengthandweaknessofdifferentstudies

D.offersuggestionsonhowtoremainfitandlivelonger

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

第6題:B

【解析】1.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：根據(jù)題干“2008年的研究____”，可定位到原文第1段倒數(shù)第2句Asimilarpictureemergedin2008afterresearchersexamined39,000