考研考博-英語-華東交通大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華東交通大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Noneofthesestudents,includingtheonewhopassedtoday’stestis_______thestandardoflastyear’sstudents.

問題1選項

A.to

B.upto

C.with

D.on

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項tothestandard非固定搭配；B選項uptothestandard“達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”；C選項withthestandard非固定搭配；D選項onthestandard“按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。句意：包括通過今天測試的學(xué)生，沒有學(xué)生______去年學(xué)生的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)語境，這里uptothestandard“達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”比較合理，是指和去年的學(xué)生相比，今年的學(xué)生沒有那么優(yōu)秀。因此B選項正確。

2.單選題

Theratiooftheworkdonebythemachine（

）theworkdoneonitiscalledtheefficiencyofthemachine.

問題1選項

A.against

B.with

C.to

D.for

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。theratioofAtoB表示“A與B之比”。句意：機(jī)械所做的功與其受到的功之比稱為機(jī)械的效率。答案C

3.單選題

Inadivorce,themotherusuallyisgranted（）ofherchildren.

問題1選項

A.support

B.retention

C.perseverance

D.custody

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項support“支持；供養(yǎng)；支持者”；B選項retention“保留；扣留，滯留”；C選項perseverance“堅持不懈；不屈不撓”；D選項custody“保管；監(jiān)護(hù)；拘留；撫養(yǎng)權(quán)”。句意：在離婚中，母親通常獲得子女的撫養(yǎng)權(quán)。由關(guān)鍵詞“divorce離婚”可知“撫養(yǎng)權(quán)”符合語境，因此D選項正確。

4.單選題

Amembershipcard（）theholdertousetheclub’sfacilitiesforaperiodoftwelvemonths.

問題1選項

A.approves

B.authorizes

C.rectifies

D.endows

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項approve“同意，贊成”，B項authorize“授權(quán)，認(rèn)可”，C項rectify“糾正，改正”，D項endow“賦予，捐贈”。根據(jù)句子關(guān)鍵詞membershipcard（會員卡）可知，空格部分表示“授權(quán)”，只有B項符合。句意：持卡人有權(quán)使用俱樂部的設(shè)施12個月。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

5.單選題

Sexandconnections:thesearenotthecriteriaonwhichscienceshouldbejudged,leastofallbyscientists.Butinthefirstextensiveanalysisofthewaythatfellowshipsinscienceareawarded,whichispublishedthisweekinNature,ChristineWennerasandAgnesWold,microbiologistsatGothenburgUniversity,inSweden,foundthatthesefactorsmatterasmuchas,ifnotmorethan,scientificmerit.

Peerreview,theevaluation(oftenanonymous)ofapieceofscientificworkbyotherscientistsinthesamefield,iscentraltothewayinwhichscienceproceeds.Journalsuseittohelpdecidewhethertopublishpapersandfundingagenciesuseitwhendecidingtowhomtoawardgrants.

Dr.WennerasandDr.Woldanalyzedthereviewsofthe114applicationsthattheSwedishMedicalResearchCouncilreceivedforthe20postdoctoralfellowshipsitofferedin1995.Oftheapplicants,46%werewomen,ofthesuccessfulrecipients,oftheawardsonly20%werewomen.

Inprinciple,ofcourse,thatmightreflecttheirabilities.Inpractice,otherfactorsseemtobeatwork.

Whenthecouncilgetsagrantapplication,itisevaluatedbyfivereviewers,onthreemeasures:scientificcompetence,theproposedmethodologyandtherelevanceoftheresearch.Eachmeasureisgivenascoreofbetweenzeroandfour;eachreviewer’sscoresaremultipliedtogether,givingasinglescorebetweenzeroand64;andfinally,thescoresfromthereviewersareaveragedtogether,givingthetotalscore.

Dr.WennerasandDr.Woldidentified,aftercarefulanalysis,twofactorsthatimprovedthescoressignificantly:beingmaleandknowingareviewer.Infact,thedifferencewassogreatthatinordertogetthesamecompetencescoreasaman,awomanwouldneedeithertoknowsomeoneonthecommitteeortohavepublishedthreemorepapersthanthemaninNatureorScience.Itisoftenjokedthatawomanhastobetwiceasgoodasamantodowell;Dr.WennerasandDr.Woldfoundthatshewouldneedtobe,onaverage,2.5timesasgoodontheirmeasurestoberatedashighlybyreviewers.Suchbeingthecase,ambitiouswomanwouldperhapsdowelltoreturntoatime-honoredbutsupposedlyobsoletetradition,andapplyunderamalename.

1.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatistheothermostimportantfactorbesidesexthatmayaffectpeerreviewscores?

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbyusing“supposedly”inthelastsentence?

4.Thispieceofwritingismostlikely______.

問題1選項

A.Abusesinpeerreview

B.Favoritismingrantingfellowships

C.Acomparisonofmaleandfemalescientists

D.Sexdiscriminationinthescienceworld

問題2選項

A.Connections

B.Publicationofpapersinmajorsciencejournals

C.Competenceoftheresearcher

D.Methodsusedbytheresearch

問題3選項

A.Itisnolongerfashionableforwomentowriteundermalenames.

B.Biasagainstwomenstillexiststoday.

C.Womentodayareonanequalfootingwithmen.

D.Nowadayswomendoaswellinscienceasmen.

問題4選項

A.anewsreport

B.aresearchpaper

C.alecture

D.anargument

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，由題干可以定位到文章第一段，性別本不是評判科學(xué)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但這個因素與科學(xué)價值同等重要，甚至更重要。D選項“科學(xué)世界中的性別歧視”，符合文章的內(nèi)容大意，文章主要講的是在科學(xué)界的性別歧視，D選項正確。B選項“同行評審中的弊端”，文章雖有提到這個內(nèi)容，但不是文章的主要內(nèi)容，因此可排除B選項。C選項“男性和女性科學(xué)家的比較”，文章部分內(nèi)容有提到，但不是文章主要內(nèi)容，因此C選項可排除。因此D選項正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一句Sexandconnections:thesearenotthecriteriaonwhichscienceshouldbejudged,leastofallbyscientists（性與聯(lián)系：這些都不是評判科學(xué)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，尤其是科學(xué)家），雖說如此，但在下文出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折，也就是說這兩點是會作為評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)因此可推測影響評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)除了性別還有聯(lián)系。A選項“聯(lián)系”，符合文章內(nèi)容。A選項正確。B選項“在主要科學(xué)期刊上發(fā)表論文”，文章說同行評議是為了幫助決定是否發(fā)表論文，可排除B選項。C選項“研究人員的能力”，同行評議可能會反映個人能力，能力的高低并不會成為決定性因素，可排除C。D選項“研究采用的方法”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除D選項。因此A選項正確。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Suchbeingthecase,ambitiouswomanwouldperhapsdowelltoreturntoatime-honoredbutsupposedlyobsoletetradition,andapplyunderamalename.（在這種情況下，有抱負(fù)的女性或許應(yīng)該回到一個歷史悠久但被認(rèn)為過時的傳統(tǒng)，用男性的名字申請），因此可推測，對于女性的歧視，仍然存在。B選項“對婦女的偏見今天仍然存在”，符合文章內(nèi)容，因此B選項正確。A選項“女性用男性的名字寫作已不再時髦”，名字的表面內(nèi)容并不是作者想表達(dá)的，因此A選項可排除。C選項“今天婦女與男子處于平等地位”，婦女和男子不可能處于平等地位，因此C選項可排除。D選項“現(xiàn)在女性在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的表現(xiàn)和男性一樣好”，文章所說，婦女要表現(xiàn)得好于男性的2.5倍才可能達(dá)到男性的待遇，D選項可排除。因此B選項正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干這篇文章最有可能是……，通讀全文，可以推測這篇文章最有可能為一則新聞報道。A選項“一則新聞報道”正確。B選項“研究論文”，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容來看，論文需要更嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，因此可排除B選項。C選項“一堂講座”，講座的內(nèi)容需要更口語化，因此也可排除C選項。D選項“一場辯論賽”，文章沒有體現(xiàn)爭論，D選項可排除。因此A選項正確。

6.單選題

WhenthetimeforJane’s（

）came,therewasgreatsorrowinthehousehold.

問題1選項

A.separation

B.departure

C.depression

D.expedition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“離別，分別”；B選項“離開，出發(fā)”；C選項“沮喪，不景氣”；D選項“遠(yuǎn)征，探險隊”。句意：當(dāng)時間到（），整個家庭都陷入到一種沉重的悲傷中。一般親人啟程去某個地方就會產(chǎn)生悲傷，所以答案選B。A選項后面應(yīng)該填人，或者主語為復(fù)數(shù)，所以不選。

7.單選題

Yettheseglobaltrendshidestarklydifferentnationalandregionalstories.VittorioColao,thebossofVodafone,whichoperatesorpartiallyownsnetworksin31countries,arguesthatthefarthersouthyougo,themorepeopleusetheirphones,evenpasttheequator:wherelifeislessorganized,peopleneedatool,forexampletorejigappointments.“Cultureinfluencesthelifestyle,andthelifestyleinfluencesthewaywecommunicate,hesays.“Ifyoudon’tleaveyourphoneoninameetinginItaly,youarelikelytomissthenextone.”

Othermundanefactorsalsoaffecthowphonesareused.Forinstance,incountrieswheremanypeoplehaveholidayhomestheyaremorelikelytogiveoutamobilenumber,whichthenbecomesthedefaultwheretheycanbereached,thusunderminingtheuseoffixed-linephones.Technologiesarealways“bothconstructiveandconstructedbyhistorical,social,andculturecontexts,”writesMizukoIto,ananthropologistattheUniversityofCaliforniainIrvine,whohasco-editedabookonJapan’smobile-phonesubculture.

Indeed,Japanisagoodexampleofhowsuchsubculturescomeabout.Inthe1990sAmericansandScandinavianswereearlyadoptersofmobilephones.ButinthenextdecadeJapanwaswidelyseenasthemodelforthemobilefuture,givenitsearlyembraceofthemobileInternet.ForsometimeWired,amagazinefortechnologylovers,ranacolumncalled“JapaneseSchoolgirlWatch”，servingreaderswithastreamofmobileoddities.TheimplicationwasthatwhatJapaneseschoolgirlsdidoneday,everyoneelsewoulddothenext.

Thecountry’smobileboomwasarguablyencouragedbyunderlyingsocialconditions.Mostteenagershadlongusedpagerstokeepintouch.In1999NTT,Japan’sdominantoperator,launchedi-mode,aplatformformobile-internetservices.Itallowedcheape-mailsbetweennetworksandtheJapanesepromptlysignedupindrovesformobileinternet.MsItoalsopointsoutthatJapanisacrowdedplacewithlotsofrules.Harriedteenagers,inparticular,havefewchancesforprivateconversationsandtalkingonthephoneinpublicisfrownedupon,ifnotoutlawed.Hencetheappealofmobiledataservices.

ThebestwaytograspJapan’smobilecultureistotakeacrowdedcommutertrain.Thereareplentyofsignsadvisingyounottouseyourphone.Everyfewminutesannouncementsaremadetothesameeffect.Ifyoudotakeacall,youriskmorethandisapprovinggazes.Passengersmayappealtoaguardwhowillquietlybutfirmlyexplain:damedesu?—it’snotallowed.Somestudiessuggestthattalking

onamobilephoneonatrainisseenasworsethaninatheatre.Instead,hushedpassengerstypeawayontheirhandsetsorreadmobile-phonenovels(writtenJapaneseallowsmoreinformationtobedisplayedonasmallscreenthanlanguagesthatusetheRomanalphabet).

1.Accordingtothepassage,anItalianwouldleavehisphoneoninameetingforwhichofthefollowingreason?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbythepassage?

3.TheauthorsuggeststhatJapanleadstheworldinthemobile-phonecultureinthat________.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheJapaneseteenagersarefondofthemobiledataservicesbecause_______。

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage,basedonitscontent?

問題1選項

A.Heisafraidofmissingabusinessopportunity.

B.Hisfamilymembersmaycallhiminemergency.

C.Hethinksitisrudetoleaveacallunanswered.

D.Heneedstogetpostedaboutthelatestchangeintheworkschedule.

問題2選項

A.Howweuseourphonesreflectwherewelive.

B.Technologiesdeterminethewaywecommunicate.

C.Cultureinfluencesthedevelopmentoftechnologies.

D.Socialconditionsdictatethemobilefuture.

問題3選項

A.theJapanesearetheearliestmobilephoneusers

B.theJapanesearethechattiestmobilephoneusers

C.theJapaneseusemobileInternetearlyon

D.Japanprovidesthebestmobilephoneservices

問題4選項

A.theyliketoplayelectronicgames

B.theyliketotalktotheirfriendsonthephone

C.theycanreadnovelsonthephone

D.theycancommunicatewiththeirfriendsmoreconveniently

問題5選項

A.TheJapanesePhoneCulture.

B.CultureandTechnology.

C.AllAlike,AllDifferent.

D.Handy,IfYouAreThrifty.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，一個意大利人會在會議上開著手機(jī)，原因是什么？由題干定位到文章第一段最后一句“Ifyoudon’tleaveyourphoneoninameetinginItaly,youarelikelytomissthenextone”，說明他這么做是為了不錯過商機(jī)。因此A選項符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：下列哪一項陳述最能得到文章的支持？第一段第三句提到文化影響生活方式，生活方式影響我們交流的方式，進(jìn)而影響到技術(shù)發(fā)展，可對應(yīng)C選項。因此C選項符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：作者認(rèn)為日本在手機(jī)文化方面領(lǐng)先世界是因為_______。由題干定位到第三段第三句“ButinthenextdecadeJapanwaswidelyseenasthemodelforthemobilefuture,givenitsearlyembraceofthemobileInternet”，后半句即為答案，與C選項對應(yīng)，因此C選項符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：從文章中可以推斷，日本青少年喜歡移動數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)是因為______。由題干定位到第四段，“Harriedteenagers,inparticular,havefewchancesforprivateconversations…ifnotoutlawed.Hencetheappealofmobiledataservices”，說明他們視為了方便與朋友們聯(lián)系。因此D選項符合題意。

5.主旨題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章的內(nèi)容，下面哪個標(biāo)題是最合適的？本文主要通過一些實例講述了文化和技術(shù)的關(guān)系。第一段第三句即本文主題句。因此B選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Thearticleinsinuatedthattheofficialwasbribed.

問題1選項

A.deniedpositively

B.statedflatly

C.arguedconvincingly

D.suggestedindirectly

【答案】D

【解析】insinuate意為暗示。deniedpositively明確否認(rèn)；statedflatly平平的陳述；arguedconvincingly令人信服地論證；suggestedindirectly迂回的表示。選項D與之意思相近。

9.單選題

Doyouagreewiththesayingthatthemonkeywastheofthe（

）humanrace?

問題1選項

A.offspring

B.successor

C.breeder

D.predecessor

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。offspring意為“子孫，后代”；successor意為“接替者，繼任者”；breeder意為“飼養(yǎng)員”；predecessor意為“前輩，祖先”。

句意：你同意猴子是人類的祖先的說法嗎？

10.單選題

（）wingsforthecommonmanhadtoawaitthedawnofthespaceagetogobacktothesimplicityoftheirbeginnings.

問題1選項

A.Consequently

B.Regularly

C.Ironically

D.Comprehensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。consequently"因此,從而";regularly"定期地,有規(guī)律地";ironically"諷刺地";comprehensively"包括地,全面地"。句意：（）,普通人的翅膀必須等到太空時代的黎明才能回到最初的簡單。選項C具有諷刺意味的是,符合句意。

11.單選題

Ourmadattemptstoavoidboredomupholdaprofitablecorneroftheentertainmentindustry,whilethevarietyofbooks,websites,TVprogramsandvideosaimedatchildrenandcalled"BoredomKillers"suggeststhatennui，hasnoagerestriction.Thisisnonewdevelopment-obsessivetextingishardlyonalevelwithwatchinglionsripgladiatorstoshredsforentertainment,and,astheBritishpublicseemtobemovingontoastagewherefox-huntingisnolongerseenasajustifiable,fundiversion,wemustbedoingsomethingright.However,someexpertshaverecentlypointedoutthatobsessiveavoidanceofboredom(apartfrombeingquitedullinitself-haveyouevertriedtohaveadecentconversationwithanextremesportsenthusiast?)deniesaccesstothecertainkindofmentalspacewhichboredombringsandindoingsoleavesuscreativelyandspirituallymalnourished.Inotherwords,boredomisbecoming"alostartform".

StevenWinnoftheSanFranciscoChronicleputsitinarecentarticle:“Asmoreandmorepeopleseemtorecognize,theuniversalexperienceofbeingbored-unengaged,detached,afloatinsomeprivatementalinactivity-maybefarmoreprecious,fruitfulandevenprofoundthanasurfaceunderstandingmightsuggest.Asordinaryasgreyskiesandequallypervasive,boredomdeservesitsownsun-splashedattentionandcelebration.

Thisisaveryparticularunderstandingofwhatboredomis,andperhapsthisveryproblemofdefinitioniswhatliesattherootofthesupposeddebate.Ontheonehand,boredomcanbedefinedasastateoflistlessness,alackofinterestinthatwhichsurroundsusandageneralsenseofennui.Ofthisparticulardefinition,SaulSteinbergwrote,“Thelifeofthecreativemanisled,directedandcontrolledbyboredom.Avoidingboredomisoneofourmostimportantpurposes."Sointhiscase,boredomissomethingwefleefrominhorror.

Anotherconceptionofboredomisofablank,privatementalspace,invaluableforrelaxingandforthefermentationofcreativejuices.Itisthistypeofboredomwhichisconsideredbysometobealostartform.Informationaloverloadfromallquartermeansthattherecanoftenbeverylittletimeforpersonalthought,reflection,orevenjust"zoningout".Withamobilethatisconstantlyswitchedonandasurplusofentertainmentsavailabletodistractthemarkedeye,itisunderstandablethatsomepeoplefinditdifficulttoactuallygetboredinthatparticularrestlessness,introspectivekindofway.

1.Theword"ennui"(Line3,Para.1)mostprobablemeans（）.

2.Boredomisbecoming"alostartform"becausepeople（）.

3.AccordingtoStevenWinn,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutboredom?

4.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatboredom（）.

5.Asuitabletitleforthepassagemightbe（）.

問題1選項

A.avoidingboredom

B.lackofcreativity

C.loveofentertainment

D.thefeelingofhavingnothingtodo

問題2選項

A.aredeprivedofdeepthought

B.areabandoningold-fashionedamusement

C.indulgeinentertainment

D.havenoprivatespace

問題3選項

A.Itisacommonproblemofhumanbeings.

B.Itisalwaysfearedbycreativemen.

C.Itisimportanttorecognizeitssignificance.

D.Itismorevaluablethanentertainment.

問題4選項

A.hastwocontradictorydefinitions

B.hasbothstrongandweakpoints

C.isasourceofartcreation

D.isdyingintheinformationage

問題5選項

A.LifewithoutBoredom

B.TheInfluenceofModernEntertainment

C.TwoTypesofBoredom

D.TheSignificanceofBoredom

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.詞義題。文章第一句指出:……為兒童設(shè)計并被稱為“無聊殺手”的書籍、網(wǎng)站、電視節(jié)目、音像制品表明“ennui”沒有年齡界限。因此推測，ennui是屬于“無聊”之意的范疇，故選D項“一種沒事可干的感覺”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞"alostartform"定位至第一段最后一句:然而，一些專家最近指出，強(qiáng)迫性地逃避無聊使人無法進(jìn)入無聊帶來的某種思維空間，這使我們在創(chuàng)造力和精神上都處于營養(yǎng)不良的狀態(tài)。換句話說，無聊成了一種“逝去的藝術(shù)形式”。以及最后一段:正是這種無聊被一些人視為逝去的藝術(shù)形式。從四面八方涌來的過多的信息意味著很少有時間可用于個人思考、深思、或者僅僅“溜號”。因此，綜合考慮，無聊可以提供某種思維空間，但是現(xiàn)代社會充斥著過多的信息，從而使得這種思考空間成為“逝去的藝術(shù)形式”。故選A項“被剝奪了深入思考”。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞StevenWinn定位至第二段:theuniversalexperienceofbeingboredmaybefarmoreprecious,fruitfulandevenprofoundthanasurfaceunderstandingmightsuggest(普遍的無聊經(jīng)歷可能比表面看起來的要更加珍貴、更有成效、甚至更深刻)以及boredomdeservesitsownsun-splashedattentionandcelebration(無聊應(yīng)受到陽光燦爛般的關(guān)注和贊美),因此可看出，StevenWinn認(rèn)為，無聊（其意義和積極影響）值得關(guān)注。

4.判斷推理題。A:兩個定義相互矛盾。B:有優(yōu)劣之分。文章的第三段和第四段分別談及“無聊”的兩種看法，但是不是相互矛盾，而且也無優(yōu)劣之分，故排除A項和B項。C:是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的源泉。第四段第一句指出:無聊給予了人們獨立思考的空間，因而對于藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造是極其珍貴的,但是并不能說無聊就是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的源泉，故排除C項。D:消亡于信息時代。根據(jù)第四段可知:無聊被稱之為“逝去的藝術(shù)形式”是因為繁雜的信息意味著用于有利于藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造的思考時間很少，即“無聊”的時間很少了，因此選D。

5.主旨大意題。文章談及對“無聊”的兩種看法，并且提出“無聊”已經(jīng)成了“逝去的藝術(shù)形式”這一主要觀點。因此，D項“無聊的意義”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

12.單選題

Thepolicemandeclaredthattheblowonthevictim'shead（

）frombehind.

問題1選項

A.shouldhavebeenmade

B.musthavebeenmade

C.wouldhavebeenmade

D.oughttohavebeenmade

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法中情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法。A項shouldhavedone表示“本該做某事（其實沒做）”；B項musthavedone表示“—定做了某事”；C項wouldhavedone表示“將會做某事”，常用于表達(dá)虛擬語氣；D項oughttohavedone表示“本該做某事”，比shouldhavedone語氣強(qiáng)，意思為根據(jù)責(zé)任或者義務(wù)應(yīng)該做。句意：警察宣稱受害者頭上的傷一定是從后面猛擊造成的。故本題正確答案為B項。

13.單選題

Themanagerissomuchundertheinfluenceofhissecretarythatsheisthe（

）headofthedepartment.

問題1選項

A.potential

B.virtual

C.probable

D.natural

【答案】B

【解析】句意:老板受到了他秘書的極大影響以至于她是實質(zhì)上的老板了。

形容詞辨析。Potential有潛力的;virtual實質(zhì)上的;probable可能的;natural自然的。因此B符合句意。

14.翻譯題

一天中我最喜歡的是最后那段時刻——至少是醒著的最后那段時刻。我再三努力不讓眨動的眼皮合上，不讓書本掉落在胸前，這時候我知道真的該入睡了。我深情地把書放在身邊的床上。我們一起入睡——我和我的書，我和書中的人物，我和交雜的夢境，都一起入睡。

躺在床上看書似乎成了家傳。上一次母親幫我照看孩子時，我回到家里發(fā)現(xiàn)整幢房子一片漆黑，只有兩處微弱的燈光。一處在我兒子的房間，我看到八歲的兒子拿著一本書，打著電筒躲在被窩里看書。房子的那頭，母親拿著書已經(jīng)打起盹來。

【答案】Oneofmyfavoritemomentsofthedayisamongthelast—thelastconsciousone,anyway.Afterseveralattemptsatkeepingmyeyelidsfromflutteringclosedandthebookfromcollapsingontomychest,Iknowitreallyistimetogotosleep.Iaffectionatelyplacethebookonthebedbesideme.Wesleeptogether,meandmybook,meandthosecharacters,meandmymixed-updreams.Readinginbedseemstoruninfamilies.Thelasttimemymotherbabysatforme,gothometofindthehousedarkexceptfortwosmalllights.Onecamefrommyson’sroom,whereIdiscoveredtheeight-year-oldholedupunderthecoverswithGoosebumpsandaflashlight.Attheotherendofthehouse,mymotherhadalreadydozedoffwithherbook.

15.單選題

OnceRenaissancepaintersdiscoveredhowto（

）volumeanddepth,theywereabletoreplacethemedievalconventionofsymbolic,two-dimensionalspacewiththemoreillusionofactualspace.

問題1選項

A.reverse...conventional

B.portray...abstract

C.deny...concrete

D.render...realistic

【答案】D

【解析】詞義辨析題。第一個空的選項：reverse“顛倒，倒轉(zhuǎn)”；portray“描繪，扮演”：deny“否認(rèn)，拒絕給予”；render“提供，以……回報，描繪，處理（繪畫等的主題）”，第二個空的選項：conventional“傳統(tǒng)的，習(xí)慣的”；abstract“抽象的”；concrete“具體的，有形的”；realistic“現(xiàn)實的，實際的，實事求是的”，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“volumeanddepth”“symbolic”和句意‘當(dāng)文藝復(fù)興的畫家們發(fā)現(xiàn)如何描繪體積和深度之后，他們就能夠使用更現(xiàn)實的實在空間感來取代中世紀(jì)的象征意味的、二維空間的繪畫習(xí)慣了’確定D選項正確。

16.單選題

Hisviolentbehaviorsometimesis_______hispersonalityofshynessandself-consciousness.

問題1選項

A.onconditionof

B.inlinewith

C.atoddswith

D.indisguiseof

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項onconditionof“只要”；B選項inlinewith“符合”；C選項atoddswith“與……不一致”；D選項indisguiseof“托辭，假扮成，打著……的幌子”。句意：他的暴力行為有時_______他的個性的害羞和自覺意識。根據(jù)語境，這里指他的暴力行為不會讓人想到他會害羞，所以atoddswith“與……不一致”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

17.單選題

Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatthepiano（）after11ofo’clockatnight.

問題1選項

A.wasnotplayed

B.nottoplay

C.notbeplayed

D.didnotplay

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。在itis+表示要求、建議、必要、命令意思的形容詞或分詞+主語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中。句子使用虛擬語氣。其結(jié)構(gòu)是“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略，且此處表示被動。本句句型是：Itisrequestedbysbthat…，所以句子要用虛擬語氣。句意：飯店管理部門懇請客人晚上11點以后不要打開收音機(jī)。所以本題選擇C選項正確。

18.單選題

Women’smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen’s.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.

Thereis,however,adefinitestructuralvariationbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain.Thedifferenceisinapartofthebrainthatisusedinthemostcomplexintellectualprocesses—thelinkbetweenthetwohalvesofthebrain.

Thetwohalvesarelinkedbyatrunklineofbetween200and300millionnerves,thecorpuscallosum.Scientistshavefoundquiterecentlythatthecorpuscallosuminwomenisalwayslargeandprobablyricherinnervefibersthanitisinmen.Thisisthefirsttimethatstructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomenanditmusthavesomesignificance.Thequestionis“What”andifthisdifferenceexists,arethereothers?Researchshowsthatpresent-daywomenthinkdifferentlyandbehavedifferentlyfrommen.Aresomeofthesedifferencesbiologicalandinbornandaresultofevolution?Wetendtothinkthatitistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?

Researchshowedthatthesetwohalvesofthebrainhaddifferentfunctions,andthatthecorpuscallosumenabledthemtoworktogether.Formostpeople,thelefthalfisusedforword-handling,analyticalandlogicalactivities;therighthalfworksonpictures,patternsandforms.Weneedbothhalvesworkingtogether.Andthebettertheconnections,themoreharmoniouslythetwohalveswork.And,accordingtoresearchfindings,womenhavethebetterconnection.

Butitisn’tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat“l(fā)anguagesubjects”andboysbetteratmath’sandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.

Weshan’tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon’tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectsandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviacorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvingintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,braindifferencesarecausedby______factors.

2.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepsychologists’attitudetowardstheissuethatwomen’smindsaredifferentfrommen’s?

3.“Thesedifferences”inParagraph5referstothosein______.

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorsuggestsmoreworkon______.

5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.biological

B.psychological

C.mental

D.social

問題2選項

A.Theyusedtoconsidertheissueuninterestingandnotworthresearching.

B.Theyfindthatthedifferenceisattributedtotheinfluenceofthesociety.

C.Theyhavealreadygivenupfindingouttherealcauseofthedifference.

D.Theystudytheissuefromaperspectivedifferentfromthatofthebiologists.

問題3選項

A.activitiescarriedoutbythebrain

B.thebrainstructureofmenandwomen

C.theperformanceonschoolsubjects

D.theskillsofmenandwomen

問題4選項

A.thebrainstructureasawhole

B.thedifferencesbetweenmen