《新視野英語知識講義》book4unit3b

Unit3Readthetextindetail.YoucanrefertoTranslationandLanguagePointswhennecessary.00:0000:00A+A-TranslationBackcroundinformationBackcroundinformationBuildingthedreamofStarbucksHowardSchultzisnotahouseholdnametomostNorthAmericans,butthoselivinginurbanorsuburbancommunitiesknowhiscompany:thespecialtycoffeeretailerStarbucks.85Withimpressivevelocity,StarbuckshasgrownintothelargestcoffeeroasterandretailerofspecialtycoffeeinNorthAmericainaspanofonlyadecade,團(tuán)By2000,itscoffeehousescouldbe

foundinmorethan3,000locationsworldwide;evenPresidentBillClintonwasseeninasnapshotwithaStarbucksbrewinhishand,tAccordingtotheUSweeklymagazine,Newsweek,Schultz'smergingofthethreeCs—coffee,commerceandcommunity—surelyranksasoneofthe'90sgreatestretailsuccesses.Schultzwasbornin1953andgrewupinanextremelypoorsectionoftheBrooklynboroughofNewYorkCity.Hismotherworkedasareceptionist,andhisfatherheldavarietyofjobs,noneofwhichoffereddecentpayormedicalinsurance.WhenSchultzwasseven,hisfatherlosthisjobasadeliverydriverwhenhebrokehisankleinanaccident.Intheensuingmonths,thefamilywasliterallytoopoortoputfoodonthetable.Duringhisyouth,Schultzwashoundedbytheshameofhisfamily's"workingpoor"status.HeescapedthehotBrooklynsummeroneyeartoattendcamp,butwouldnotreturnwhenhelearneditwasforlow-incomefamilies.Hewasteasedbyboysinhighschoolandashamedtotellhisgirlfriendwherehelived.Theharshmemoriesofthoseearlytimesstayedwithhimfortherestofhislife.Sportsbecameanescapefromtheshameofpoverty.SchultzearnedanathleticscholarshiptoNorthernMichiganUniversityin1975.Hewasthefirstpersoninhisfamilytograduatefromcollegeasnoneofhispredecessorshadtrainingbeyondvocationalschool.Thebudofinspirationforhisphenomenalcoffeebusinessbegangrowingina1983visittoMilan,Italy.0SchultzconceivedofanewAmericanwayoflifeinthecoffeebarsofMilan.HesoughttorecreatesuchforumsforpeopleintheUStostarttheirdaysorvisitwithfriends.In1987,attheageof34,Schultzorganizedagroupofinvestorsandpurchasedthecompanythathadformerlyemployedhim,theStarbucksCoffeeCompanyinSeattle,whichherestructuredastheStarbucksCorporation.Thepublicverdictwasoverwhelminglypositive.0Schultz'spremiumcoffeebarswereaninstantsuccess,actingasastimulusofrapidgrowthandexpansionnotonlyforStarbucksbutalsoforthecoffee

industryaroundtheworld.2In1992,Starbucksbecamethefirstspecialtycoffeecompanytogopublic,affirmingitsmagnitudeandprospects.Starbucks'firstmajorventureoutsideofthenorthwesternpartofthenationwasChicago,wherethecompany'sspecialtysalesdivisiondevelopednewbusinesswithdepartmentstoresandestablishedStarbuckscoffeebarsadjacenttothebusinesssectionsinnationalbookstores.囪StarbucksalsoformedapartnershipwithPepsiCotocreateanddistributeanewready-to-drinkcoffee-basedbeverage,andenteredintoalicensingagreementwithKraftFoods.Asacompanyseekingtodevelopwithamultilateralapproach,StarbucksevendevelopedarelationshipwiththemusicindustrytosellStarbucks-tailoredCDsofclassicalbrassandorchestralmusicinthecoffeebars.WhenStarbucksopeneditsfirststoreinNewYorkCity,itwasahomecomingforSchultz,buthedidnotactliketheheadofthereigningroyaltyofcoffeehehadbecome.TheNewYorkTimescommented,&'"Thesoft-spokenMr.SchultzhasbarelyatraceofaNewYorkaccentandatimid,almostapologeticmanner."Schultzhasalsoattractedconsiderableattentionwithhisunconventionalemploymentpolicies.0HewantedtogiveStarbucks'employeesbothaphilosophicalandafinancialstakeinthebusiness.ヒHedecreedthatemployeeswhoworkedthequotaof20hoursaweekormorewereeligibleformedical,dental,andopticalcoverageaswellasforstockoptions.(Atatimewhenothercompaniesweretrimmingbenefitsasacost-cuttingmeasure,Schultz,whogrewupinafamilywithoutanymedicalcoverage,wasvocalinhisbeliefthatgenuinelycaringaboutyouremployeesiscriticaltobuildingasturdyworkforce.E"ServiceisalostartinAmerica,"hetoldTheNewYorkTimes."Elthinkpeoplewanttodoagoodjob,butiftheyaretreatedpoorlytheygetbeatendown.Wewanttoprovideourpeoplewithdignityand

self-esteem,andwecan'tdothatwithlipservice."!Starbucksstipulatesthateveryemployeewithatleasthalf-timehourscanreceivehealth-carebenefits.Schultzcreditstheutilizationofsuchabenefitspolicyasthekeytothecompany'sgrowthbecauseithasgivenStarbucksamorededicatedworkforceandanextremelyhighlevelofcustomerservice.C5Thechainalsoachievedadramaticallylowturnoverrate,halfthatoftheaveragefastfoodbusiness.ThiscreatesasignificantnumericalpayoffforStarbucks,sinceeachnewemployeerepresentsanexpenditureof$3,000inrecruitingandtrainingcostsandproductivitylosses.Schultzhasremainedfirmlycommittedtoemployeeandcommunityenrichment,aphilosophywhichisembeddedintheverycoreofStarbucks'businessculture.國Hehasnevergrownaccustomedtosuccessenoughtoforgethisworking-classroots.Hededicatedhisbooktothememoryofhisfather,whomhehadoncespokenharshlytoandaccusedofalackofambition.CTheywerewordsSchultzwouldregrettherestofhislife,areminiscencehewishedhecouldscrubfromhismemory.Hisfatherreceivedthediagnosisoflungcanceranddiedbeforehissonbecameamillionaire.!Schultzoncetoldhisaudiencethathiscrowningsuccesswasthat"Igottobuildthekindofcompanythatmyfathernevergottoworkfor."Translation霍華德?舒爾茨創(chuàng)造“星巴克”之夢1霍華德?舒爾茨這個名字在北美并非家喻戶曉,不過居住在城市或市郊社區(qū)的人都知道他的公司:特色咖啡零售商星巴克。區(qū)區(qū)十年間,星巴克一憑借驚人的速度成長為北美最大的咖啡豆烤制商和特色咖啡零售商。截至2000年,它旗下的咖啡店己經(jīng)遍布世界三千多個角落。就連美國前總統(tǒng)比爾?克林頓也被人拍到手捧星巴克咖啡。根據(jù)美國雜志《新聞周刊》的報道，舒爾茨將“3C”概念——咖啡、商業(yè)和社區(qū)——融為一體，這已然使星巴克名列20世紀(jì)90年代最成功的零售商之列。2舒爾茨出生于1953年,在紐約市布魯克林區(qū)一個極其貧困的街區(qū)長大。他母親是一位前臺接待員,父親則從事過很多不同的工作，但其中沒有哪ー份工作給他支付過體面的酬勞

或購買過醫(yī)療保險。舒爾茨七歲時,他父親在ー次事故中扭斷了腳踝,失去了他當(dāng)時做送貨司機(jī)的工作。在接下來的幾個月中，他們家真的是窮到了揭不開鍋的地步。3百年時代的舒爾茨一直由于其家庭“窮困工人階層”地位所蒙受的恥辱而備受精神折磨。有一年他逃離布魯克林炎熱的夏天去參加夏令營,但當(dāng)他得知這個夏令營是專門為低收入家庭的學(xué)生開辦的時候,就再也不愿意去參加了。中學(xué)時他遭受到了男孩子們的奚落，也羞于告訴女朋友自己住在哪里。這些早年痛苦的記憶一直伴隨著他ー生。4體育運動成了他逃避窮困這ー恥辱的方式。1975年，舒爾茨獲得了北密歇根大學(xué)體育獎學(xué)金。他也是他家族中第一個從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的人，因為他的前輩中沒有一個人接受過比職業(yè)學(xué)校培訓(xùn)更高的教育。5舒爾茨令人矚目的咖啡生意的最初靈感源于1983年他對意大利米蘭的造訪。在米蘭的咖啡館里，舒爾茨設(shè)想了一種新型的美國式生活方式。他尋求在美國重現(xiàn)那種米蘭式的交往平臺，使人們能以那種方式開始新的一天或與朋友小聚。1987年,當(dāng)舒爾茨34歲時，他組織了投資團(tuán)隊并購買下了他原先工作的公司，即西雅圖的“星巴克咖啡公司”，將其重組為“星巴克集團(tuán)”。6公眾的反映出奇地好。舒爾茨創(chuàng)建的高端咖啡廳立即獲得了成功,這刺激了星巴克乃至全球整個咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)的迅速成長和發(fā)展。1992年,星巴克成為第?家公開上市的特色咖啡經(jīng)營公司,確證了公司的發(fā)展規(guī)模和前景。7星巴克邁出美國西北部進(jìn)行投資的第一站是在芝加哥。在那里，公司分管特色銷售的部門開創(chuàng)了與百貨商店聯(lián)手以及在國家書店毗鄰營業(yè)區(qū)的地方開設(shè)星巴克咖啡吧的經(jīng)營新渠道。同時,星巴克還和百事可樂公司建立了伙伴關(guān)系，研發(fā)并銷售ー款即開即飲的新型咖啡飲品,他們與卡夫食品公司也簽訂了一份許可協(xié)議。作為一家尋求與多方進(jìn)行合作而發(fā)展的企業(yè)，星巴克甚至與音樂產(chǎn)業(yè)合作，在咖啡吧里銷售為星巴克量身定做的古典銅管樂及管弦樂激光唱片。8星巴克在紐約開第一家分店對于舒爾茨來說是回歸故里，但他并沒有擺出ー副咖啡行業(yè)王者的姿態(tài)?！都~約時報》評論說:“舒爾茨先生說話溫和，幾乎沒有一絲紐約口音的痕跡,而且他舉止靦腆,甚至謙卑。”9舒爾茨與眾不同的員エ政策也引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。他希望給星巴克的員エ提供不僅是經(jīng)營理念上的而且也是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的參與公司成敗的機(jī)會。他規(guī)定，員エ完成每周20小時的工作定額或超過這一定額，就有資格享受醫(yī)療、牙齒及眼部保健方面的福利，也能享受股票優(yōu)先認(rèn)購權(quán)。就在其他企業(yè)通過削減福利來節(jié)省成本之時，舒爾茨，雖然生長在ー個沒有任何醫(yī)療福利保障的家庭,卻仍然坦言自己的信仰，即真誠地關(guān)心員エ對建立一個堅實的員エ隊伍是至關(guān)重要的?！胺?wù)在美國是ー門缺失的藝術(shù),”他對《紐約時報》如此說道，“我相信人們愿意把工作做好，但如果遭受的待遇很差，他們就會受到打擊。我們希望給予員エ尊嚴(yán)與自尊，而這一點光靠動動嘴皮子是做不到的。"星巴克規(guī)定,每一位エ時超過半エ制的員エ都能享受醫(yī)療保障福利。舒爾茨相信這?福利政策的切實施行是企業(yè)成長的關(guān)鍵,因為此舉已使星巴克擁有了更加盡心盡力的工作團(tuán)隊以及至髙水準(zhǔn)的客戶服務(wù)。這ー連鎖反應(yīng)也使員エ的流動率極低，幾乎只有快餐行亜平均流動率的一半。在經(jīng)營數(shù)字上,這,

政策則給星巴克帶來了顯著回報,因為每招募和培訓(xùn)?位新員エ及其生產(chǎn)率損失所產(chǎn)生的費用就高達(dá)三千美元。10舒爾茨一直堅定地致カ于員エ及社區(qū)發(fā)展,這ー理念已經(jīng)根植于星巴克的核心企業(yè)文化當(dāng)中。他從未因為太過習(xí)慣于成功而忘卻自己勞動階層的根基。他把自己的一本書獻(xiàn)給了父親以表紀(jì)念。他曾經(jīng)對父親說過尖刻的話,甚至曾指責(zé)他缺乏上進(jìn)心,這些話讓舒爾茨后悔終生,他期望能夠?qū)⑦@些回憶從記憶中抹去。他的父親被診斷出了肺癌，在兒子成為百萬富翁之前就離去了。舒爾茨曾經(jīng)告訴他的聽眾，他最重要的成功在于“我創(chuàng)立了一個我父親從來都不曾有福氣為之工作的那種企業(yè)。”LanguagepointsHowardSchultzisnotahouseholdnametomostNorthAmericans,butthoselivinginurbanorsuburbancommunitiesknowhiscompany:thespecialtycoffeeretailerStarbucks.(Para.1)suburban:a.relatingtoanareawherepeoplelivewhichisawayfromthecenterofatownorcity城郊的:市郊的Populationandjobswillcontinuetomoveoutofcentralcitiestosuburbanlocations.人口和工作都會繼續(xù)從市中心往郊區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移。Withimpressivevelocity,StarbuckshasgrownintothelargestcoffeeroasterandretailerofspecialtycoffeeinNorthAmericainaspanofonlyadecade.(Para.1)Meaning:StarbuckshasdevelopedrapidlyintothebiggestcompanyinthefieldofcoffeeroastingandfeaturecoffeeretailinginNorthAmericainaperiodofmerely10years.By2000,itscoffeehousescouldbefoundinmorethan3,000locationsworldwide;evenPresidentBillClintonwasseeninasnapshotwithaStarbucksbrewinhishand.(Para.1)Meaning:Bytheyear2000,Starbuckshadopenedcoffeehousesinmorethan3,000placesallovertheworld.ItbecamesofamousthattherewasevenapictureofthethenAmericanPresidentBillClintonholdingacupofStarbuckscoffeeinhishand.AccordingtotheUSweeklymagazine,Newsweek,Schultz'smergingofthethreeCs-coffee,commerceandcommunity—surelyranksasoneofthe'90sgreatest

retailsuccesses.(Para.1)Meaning:AsreportedinNewsweek,aweeklymagazineintheUS,Schultz'sphilosophyofcombiningthreeCs,namelycoffee,commerceandcommunity,wasdefinitelyregardedasoneofthemostsuccessfulideasinretailinginthe1990s.Intheensuingmonths,thefamilywasliterallytoopoortoputfoodonthetable.(Para.2)Meaning:Inthemonthsthatfollowed,thefamilywasactuallysufferingfromsuchpovertythattheycouldbarelyfeedthemselves.Duringhisyouth,Schultzwashoundedbytheshameofhisfamily's"workingpoor"status.(Para.3)Meaning:Whenhewasyoung,Schultzwasconstantlytroubledbytheshameofhisfamily'slowsocialstatus.behoundedby:beannoyedbysth.;bebotheredbysth.被,.?所煩擾Manycustomersdon'twanttobehoundedbysalespeople.許多顧客都不愿推銷員來煩他們。Hewasteasedbyboysinhighschoolandashamedtotellhisgirlfriendwherehelived.(Para.3)Meaning:Whenhewasinhighschool,hewasoftenmadefunofbyboysandwasashamedtolethisgirlfriendknowwherehishomewas.Hewasthefirstpersoninhisfamilytograduatefromcollegeasnoneofhispredecessorshadtrainingbeyondvocationalschool.(Para.4)Meaning:Hewasthefirstpersoninhisfamilytoreceiveacollegedegree,becausenopeopleinhisfamilyhadeverhadaneducationfromaschoolhigherthanonewhichprovidestrainingofspecificjobtechniquesorskillsonly.Thebudofinspirationforhisphenomenalcoffeebusinessbegangrowingina1983visittoMilan,Italy.(Para.5)Meaning:Thesourceofhisideaforhisoutstandingcoffeecareercouldbedatedbackto

hisvisittoMilan,Italy,in1983.Note:Coffeebars/houseshavebeenpartoftheculturalfabricthroughoutEuropeforcenturies.WhenmoreyoungAmericansthanevertraveledinEuropeinthe1980sand1990s,theyreturnedtotheUSandbroughtthiscoffeeculturebackhomewiththem.ThisledtotheemergenceofmanyEuropean-stylecoffeebars/housesinUSurbanareasatthattime.phenomenal:a.extremelyimpressiveorsurprising令人印象深刻的;驚人的Hisperformancelastnightwasbeautiful,andI'msurehe'sgotaphenomenalactingcareer.他昨晚的表演很美,我敢肯定他的演藝事業(yè)十分輝煌。SchultzconceivedofanewAmericanwayoflifeinthecoffeebarsofMilan.(Para.5)Meaning:Schultzthoughtofabrand-newwayofAmericansociallifeinthecoffeehousesofMilan.Thepublicverdictwasoverwhelminglypositive.(Para.6)Meaning:Theresponseofthepublictohiscoffeebarswasextremelygood.Schultz'spremiumcoffeebarswereaninstantsuccess,actingasastimulusofrapidgrowthandexpansionnotonlyforStarbucksbutalsoforthecoffeeindustryaroundtheworld.(Para.6)Meaning:ThesuperiorcoffeebarsopenedbySchultzsucceededatonce,whichencouragedaquickdevelopmentofnotonlytheStarbuckscompanyitself,butalsothewholecoffeeindustryintheworld.In1992,Starbucksbecamethefirstspecialtycoffeecompanytogopublic,affirmingitsmagnitudeandprospects.(Para.6)Meaning:In1992,Starbucksbecamethefirstspecialtycoffeecompanytoissuestockforsaletothegeneralpublic,showingthatitwassureofitsdevelopmentanditschancestosucceedfurther.

Starbucks'firstmajorventureoutsideofthenorthwesternpartofthenationwasChicago,wherethecompany'sspecialtysalesdivisiondevelopednewbusinesswithdepartmentstoresandestablishedStarbuckscoffeebarsadjacenttothebusinesssectioninnationalbookstores.(Para.7)Meaning:ThefirsttrialofStarbuckstoexpanditsbusinesstootherpartsofthecountrybeyondthenorthwestbeganinChicago.Therethespecialtysalesdepartmentofthecompanycreatednewbusinessthroughcooperatingwithshoppingcentersandopeningupnewcoffeebarsnexttothebusinesssectioninnationalbookstores.StarbucksalsoformedapartnershipwithPepsiCotocreateanddistributeanewready-todrinkcoffee-basedbeverage,andenteredintoalicensingagreementwithKraftFoods.(Para.7)Meaning:StarbucksalsoformedacooperativerelationshipwithPepsiCotodevelopandsellanewdrinkthatisreadymadeandwithcoffeeflavor.ItalsowentintobusinesswithKraftFoodsbasedonanagreementwhichallowedthegrantingoflicensebetweenthem.Asacompanyseekingtodevelopwithamultilateralapproach,StarbucksevendevelopedarelationshipwiththemusicindustrytosellStarbucks-tailoredCDsofclassicalbrassandorchestralmusicinthecoffeebars.(Para.7)Meaning:Asacompanywhichseekstodevelopitsbusinessthroughcooperatingwithvariousothercompanies,Starbucksevenestablishedarelationshipwiththemusicindustry.CDsofclassicalbrassandorchestralmusicwerespeciallymadeforStarbucks,andsoldinitscoffeebars.WhenStarbucksopeneditsfirststoreinNewYorkCity,itwasahomecomingforSchultz,buthedidnotactliketheheadofthereigningroyaltyofcoffeehehadbecome.(Para.8)Meaning:WhenStarbucksopeneditsfirstshopinNewYork,itwasjustlikecomingbackhomeforSchultz.Buthedidnotbehaveinawayasiftoshowthathewasthemostsuccessfulpersoninthecoffeeindustry.homecoming:n.[C]anoccasionwhensb.returnstoaplacewheretheyusedtolive,work,orstudy回家;回來;返鄉(xiāng)Thesoccerteamreturnedtotheirhomefieldforthefinals;thehomecomingwas

welcomedbymostpeopleintown,足球隊回到了主場進(jìn)行決賽,城里大多數(shù)人都對他們的歸來表示歡迎。"Thesoft-spokenMr.SchultzhasbarelyatraceofaNewYorkaccentandatimid,almostapologeticmanner,**(Para.8)Meaning:Mr.Schultzspeakssoftly,andpeoplecanhardlyfindanysignofaNewYorkaccentwhenhespeaks.Healsobehaveshumbly,almostinawayasifhewereafraidofcausinganyoffensetopeople.Meaningbeyondwords:Schultzdoesnotputonanairofsuperiorityorarrogance.Hesimplybehavesinaveryhumbleway.apologetic:a.showingthatyouaresorryfordoingsth.wrongorcausingaproblem道歉的;認(rèn)錯的:愧疚的Themanagerofthetheaterwasapologeticthathehadtocanceltheconcert.劇院經(jīng)理很抱歉他不得不取消音樂會。HewantedtogiveStarbucks'employeesbothaphilosophicalandafinancialstakeinthebusiness.(Para.9)Meaning:HewantedtoofferStarbucks'workersthechancetobeinvolvedinthecompany'ssuccessorfailuresnotonlyspirituallybutalsofinancially.Hedecreedthatemployeeswhoworkedthequotaof20hoursaweekormorewereeligibleformedical,dental,andopticalcoverageaswellasforstockoptions.(Para.9)Meaning:Hesetitasarulethatworkerswhoworkedtherequiredminimum20hoursaweekormorewerequalifiedtogetinsuranceforhealthcare,teethandeyes,andtogetstockoptions.Atatimewhenothercompaniesweretrimmingbenefitsasacost-cuttingmeasure,Schultz,whogrewupinafamilywithoutanymedicalcoverage,wasvocalinhisbeliefthatgenuinelycaringaboutyouremployeesiscriticaltobuildingasturdyworkforce.(Para.9)Meaning:Atatimewhenothercompanieswerecuttingbenefitsasameasuretoreducecost,Schultz,whogrewupinafamilythatwastoopoortoaffordhealthinsurance,talked

openlyabouthisbeliefinrunningabusiness,thatis,anemployer'ssincerecareabouthisworkersisgreatlyimportanttobuildingastrongworkforceforthecompany.MServiceisalostartinAmerica,"hetoldTheNewYorkTimes.(Para.9)Meaning:HetoldTheNewYorkTimesthatthespiritofservicehaddisappearedinAmerica.Ithinkpeoplewanttodoagoodjob,butiftheyaretreatedpoorlytheygetbeatendown.(Para.9)Meaning:Ibelievepeoplewanttodotheirworkwell,butifwetreatthempoorly,wewillmakethemdiscouraged.Wewanttoprovideourpeoplewithdignityandself-esteem,andwecan*tdothatwithlipservice.(Para.9)Meaning:Wewanttogivedignityandselfrespecttoouremployees,butwecan'tjustkeepsayingthatwithoutdoinganythingreal.Note:"Lipservice"isoftenusedintheexpressionof"paylipservicetosth."whichmeanssaypubliclythatyouagreewithanidea,butnotdoanythingtosupportit(口頭上贊同某事;ロ惠而實不至).Thesecompaniesarewillingtopaylipservicetoenvironmentalconcerns,butstillplantomassivelyincreasetheircoalproduction.這些公司在口頭上都承諾愿意關(guān)注環(huán)境問題,但卻仍然準(zhǔn)備大大增加煤炭生產(chǎn)。Starbucksstipulatesthateveryemployeewithatleasthalf-timehourscanreceivehealthcarebenefits.(Para.9)Meaning:Starbucksmakesitarulethateveryemployeewhoworksatleasthalfofaweek's40-hourfull-timeemploymentisqualifiedformedicalbenefitsprovidedbythecompany.Schultzcreditstheutilizationofsuchabenefitspolicyasthekeytothecompany'sgrowthbecauseithasgivenStarbucksamorededicatedworkforceandanextremelyhighlevelofcustomerservice.(Para.9)

Meaning:Schultzthinkshighlyoftheimplementationofsuchabenefitspolicy,andseesitasacrucialfactortothedevelopmentofthecompany.ThispolicyhasnotonlyhelpedStarbuckstobuildaworkforcethatisdevotedtotheirwork,butalsoenabledittoprovideanextremelyhighqualityofservicetoitscustomers.Thechainalsoachievedadramaticallylowturnoverrate,halfthatoftheaveragefastfoodbusiness.(Para.9)Meaning:TheStarbuckscoffeechainalsohasanextremelysmallnumberofpeoplewhoquittheirjobsatStarbucks,onlyhalfoftheaveragenumberofmostfastfoodbusinesses.ThiscreatesasignificantnumericalpayoffforStarbucks,sinceeachnewemployeerepresentsanexpenditureof$3,000inrecruitingandtrainingcostsandproductivitylosses.(Para.9)Meaning:ThisgreatlyrewardsStarbucksintheamountofprofititmakes,becausethecostofemployingandtrainingeachnewworkerandthefinanciallosscausedbythenewworker'slowerproductionefficiencycouldamountto$3,000.payoff:n.[C])thebenefityougetfromdoingsth,回報;收效;成果What'sthepayofffordoingthisseeminglytediousandboringtask?做這樣ー件看似乏味和無聊的事情,其意義是什么?)apaymentthatismadetosb.,oftenillegally,inordertostopthemfromcausingyoutrouble(為收買某人而付的)錢財,賄賂Hewastemptedtoacceptapayofftokeepquietabouttheaccident,他被誘使接受賄賂以對事故保持緘默。Schultzhasremainedfirmlycommittedtoemployeeandcommunityenrichment,aphilosophywhichisembeddedintheverycoreofStarbucks'businessculture.(Para.10)Meaning:Schultzhasalwaysbeendedicatedtothedevelopmentofhisemployeesandthecommunity.ThishasbecomeaphilosophythathasbeenbuiltdeeplyintoStarbucks'businesscultureandhasformedthecoreofit.remaincommittedto:remainloyaltosth.andwillingtoworkhardforit;remaindedicatedtosth,始終致カ于…

Schooladministratorsmustseektohelpteachersremaincommittedtoteachingandthewelfareofstudents,學(xué)校管理人員要努力幫助老師致カ于教學(xué)及學(xué)生幸福。Hehasnevergrownaccustomedtosuccessenoughtoforgethisworking-classroots.(Para.10)Meaning:Nomatterhowsuccessfulhehasbecome,hehasneverforgotthathecomesfromaworking-classfamily.Meaningbeyondwords:TheauthorhighlypraisesSchultz'sconcernfortheworkingclass,andthisconcernhasitsorigininSchultz'searlylifeexperiences.Sentencestructurenote:Thestructure"never+adj.+enoughtodosth."isoftenusedtoexpressanemphaticmeaninginasentence,withtheadjectiveinitemphasized.IftranslatedintoChinese,itcouldbe"永遠(yuǎn)也不會(或從未)…到做...的地步"，or"永遠(yuǎn)也不會…到(甚至)去做…Forexample:Thestrongestisneverstrongenoughtobealwaysthemaster.再強(qiáng)的人也無法強(qiáng)至リフk遠(yuǎn)都做主人。Hewouldneverbeoldenoughtoenjoytruebeautyaroundhim.他年齡再大也不會欣賞周圍真正美的事物。TheywerewordsSchultzwouldregrettherestofhislife,areminiscencehewishedhecouldscrubfromhismemory.(Para.10)Meaning:TheywerewordsSchultzwouldregretforever.Hewishedhecouldremovewhatherecalledfromhismemory.Hisfatherreceivedthediagnosisoflungcanceranddiedbeforehissonbecameamillionaire.(Para.10)Meaning:Hisfatherwasfoundtohavedevelopedlungcanceranddiedbeforehissonbecameamillionaire.SchultzoncetoldhisaudiencethathiscrowningsuccesswasthatMlgottobuildthekindofcompanythatmyfathernevergottoworkfor.M(Para.10)Meaning:Schultzoncetoldthepeoplewhocametohisspeechthatthegreatestsuccessheachievedwasbeingabletobuildatypeofcompanyhisfatherhadneverbeenluckyenoughtoworkfor.

Meaningbeyondwords:Hiscompanyprovidesgoodbenefitstotheemployees,buthisfatherhadneverhadachancetoworkinsuchacompany.Thatistosay,hisfatherwouldhavefeltproudofhimifhewerestillalive,andhissuccesscouldbeacomforttohisfather.Accordingtothetext,whatkindofcompanyisStarbucks?じA)It'sacoffeeroasterandspecialtycoffeeretailer.UB)It'saproducerofcoffeebeansandcoffeeretailer.CC)It'sacoffeeretailerandproducerofcoffeebasedfoods.JD)It'sacoffeeretailerandproduceroforchestralmusicforbars.Whatthree"Cs"didSchultzmergetomakehisbusinesssucceed?CA)Coffee,commerceandcost.CB)Coffee,companyandcare.CC)Coffee,cooperationandcommunity.D)Coffee,commerceandcommunity.WhydidSchultzquitfromthesummercamphehadwantedtoattendoneyear?じ A) He wasnotfromalow-incomefamily.じ B) He wasteasedbyboysinthesummercamp.じ C) He feltashamedofhispoorfamilybackground.C D) He couldn'tbearthesummerheatinNewYork.InwhichyeardidSchultzcomeupwiththeideaofhisuniquecoffeebusiness?

c A) In1975.c C) In1987.C D) In1992.Accordingtothetext,howdidStarbuckscooperatewithPepsiCo?CA)Theyagreedtoselleachother'sproducts.じB)Theycreatedaready-to-drinkcoffee-basedbeverage.JC)Theyestablishedcoffeebarstogetherwithinbookstores.CD)Theyproducedclassicalmusictailoredforcoffeebarstogether.WhydoesSchultzpaysomuchattentiontothebenefitsofhisemployees?CA)Hebelievesthatgoodbenefitscanbuildhiscompanyadevotedworkforce.CB)Hewantstomakehiscompanydifferentfromthefastfoodcompanies.CC)Hispoorchildhoodmadehimfeelverysympathetictowardtheemployees.CD)Hiscompanyisverysuccessfulandcaneasilyaffordgoodbenefits.WhatdidSchultzmeanbysaying"ServiceisalostartinAmerica"(Para.9)?CA)Hewantedtomakeserviceanartisticwork.B)Hewantedtofeeltheimpactofgoodservice.

し C)Hewantedtorevivethespiritofservice.□ D)Hewantedtotreatcustomersinanartisticway.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesSchultz'sfeelingstowardhisfather?し A) Sympathetic.C B) Resentful.C C) Grateful.c 0) Guil翻Inwhatway(s)canpovertyinfluenceone'slifepositively?“イReference:Positiveinfluencesofpovertyonone'slifemayinclude:developone'sabilitytofacehardshipsinlife;helponetobuildself-esteem;strengthenone'swilltodobetter;buildone'ssympathyforthepoorandweak.DoyouthinktheservicemodelofStarbucksfitstheChinesewayoflifewell?Whyorwhynot?ヨM /Reference:No,theservicemodelofStarbucks,toalargeextent,doesn'tfitourChinesewayoflife.Broadlyspeaking,weChinesehaveadifferentpaceoflife,adifferentpreferencefordrink,andadifferentsocialstyle.Yes,theservicemodelofStarbucksfitsourwayoflifeincreasinglywell.Sofar,Chinahasimplementedtheopen-doorpolicyforseveraldecades,andtheChinesewayoflifehasbeenverymuchinfluencedbyWesternculture.

StarbucksisverypopularwithChinesepeopletoday,especiallyyoungpeopleinbigcities.DoyouagreewithSchultzthatserviceisanart?Whyorwhynot?Reference:Yes,Iagree.Becausetheideaputsanemphasison:—thespiritofservice;一thestandardofservice;—thegoals