2023年421大學(xué)英語專業(yè)四級真題語言知識部分答案解析

2023.4.21etdeo tsttodasmooth-sidepyramid.A.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeen B.wasbelievedtobeC.isbelievedtohavebeen believedtobe解析：C.isbelievedtohavebeenCariof嘗試建筑的一個外表光滑的金字塔。背景相關(guān)學(xué)問，彎曲金字塔，是公元前2600Cario27之一，塔身彎曲?？键c分析，sb/sthbebelievedtodo/tobedoing/tohavedonesb/sthbebelievedtodo(將來時態(tài)，代表某人某物被認(rèn)為將要做某事〕，LucyisbelievedtogotoLondon.Lucy〔沒去〕；sb/sthbebelievedtobedoing(現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，某人或某事物正在做某事)，LucyisbelievedtogoingtoLondon.Lucy〔在去的路上〕；sb/sthbebelievedtohavedone(過去時態(tài)，代表某人某事物被認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)做過某事)，LucyisbelievedtohavegonetoLondon.Lucy〔已經(jīng)去了〕。拓展句型，TherefugeesfromSyriaarebelievedtohavecommittedvariouscrimesinGermanysinceJune20232023612.U.S.News rankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareaverypopularresourceforstudentslookingtoapplytoauniversitycampus.A.maintains B.ismaintaining C.maintained D.hasbeenmaintaining解析：D.hasbeenmaintaining.1983于想申請大學(xué)校園的學(xué)生來說，這些大學(xué)是格外受歡送的資源?？键c分析，時態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)展時〔havebeendoing〕，從過去某一時間點〔1983〕到現(xiàn)在照舊進(jìn)展的動作〔始終〕。拓展句型，Tomhasbeenplayingfootballfortwohours.Tom了兩個小時的足球了。maintainvt〔keepsteady〕維持，~tomaintainworldpeace〔support〕供給，~tomaintainafamilyof6〔assert〕~tomaintainthat,(lookafter—vehicle、machine、building〕~tomaintainaroad.☆Hewasluredintoacrimehewouldnot havecommitted.A.actually B.otherwise C.accidentally D.seldom解析：Botherwiseotherwise在定語從句構(gòu)造中,并與虛擬語氣搭配使用。此題省略了that，HewasluredintoacrimethathewouldnototherwisehavecommittedthatcrimecommitOtherwisethat/which/whothanotherwise“在相反的狀況下”或“要不然的話”,表達(dá)的是與前面提到的真實狀況相反的一個假設(shè)情形。本otherwiseotherwise“ifithadnotbeenfor…”that“thatsomebodywouldotherwisehave詞”“Hewouldnothavecommittedthecrimeifhehadnotbeenluredintoit.”otherwiseshewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewof mountainsbehindtheappleorchard.1. bluehazyVirginia B.Virginiabluehazy C.hazyblueVirginia D.hazyVirginiablue解析：C.hazyblueVirginia.她曾經(jīng)是一個年輕的鄉(xiāng)村妻子，后院養(yǎng)著雞，在蘋果園后面可以看到模糊的藍(lán)色弗吉尼亞山脈。只要你記住口訣“限數(shù)描大形,色國材名”這句話,此題就迎刃而解。如，thesetwousefulsmallnewwhiteAmericancalculators.15.Ilongtoalleviate ,butIcannot,andItoosuffer.A.theevil B.evils C.anevil D.evil解析：A.theevilWhatIHaveLivedForBertrandRussell.theevilalleviatevt.減輕，緩解Indeed, itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming .warB.arewarC.ofwarD.areofwar解析：D.areofwar.事實上，身體損害是足球的關(guān)鍵是可論證的，如同殺戮和殘害是戰(zhàn)斗的關(guān)鍵。At ,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposedtolight.A.itsmostbasicB.itsbasicC.themostbasicD.thebasic解析：A.itsmostbasic.在最根本的狀況下，攝影是一個化學(xué)過程，在這個過程中，感光材料在曝光時會發(fā)生變化。考點分析，atone’s/its“處于最…的狀態(tài)”。拓展句型...but,custom,wehaveawayofthinking,isbehavioratitsmostcommonplaceShehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverbphrase“onlytolearn”istoused .toexpressanintendedpurposetoindicateahighdegreeofpossibilitytorevealanundesirableconsequencetodramatizeastatedfact解析：C.torevealanundesirableconsequence.她雇了一個律師去調(diào)查，結(jié)果卻覺察加布里埃爾把她的名字從契約中刪除了?？键c分析，onlyto“不料竟會…沒想到會…”不定式表結(jié)果時,常指出人意料的結(jié)果。拓展句型，TheheadmasterhurriedtotheconcerthallonlytofindthespeakergoneWhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?Iwonderwhat’sbehindthischangeofplan.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I’mgettingterriblybehind.IsupposeI’mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.解析：BJimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim面的那個人說話。behind“在身后，背后，…的反面”站在身后的人，無隱含意義。A.“我想知道轉(zhuǎn)變打算的緣由”，behind“作為...的緣由”responsiblefor，如what’sbehindhisactionsC“這項工作昨天應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)完成了。我越來越落后了”behind“落后于”，如We”rebehindschedule(=late).我們的工作進(jìn)度落后了。D.“我認(rèn)為我很幸運由于我的父母始終支持我”，behind“支持，贊成”。Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudofwhathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses .A.ahypothesis B.asuggestion C.acontradiction D.asurprise解析：A.ahypothesis.一種假設(shè)。我母親決心幫助那些有需要的人，她會為過去20得的成就感到無比驕傲。WhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto ,theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.1. justice B.testimony C.trial D.verdict解析：C.trial.當(dāng)參與毆打國王的警官第一次被帶到庭審時，他們的律師用錄像帶作為反對控方的證據(jù)。考點分析，詞匯辨析，trialn.(Law)審訊，審理，審判；justicentestimonyn~togivetestimonyverdict〔Law)陪審團的裁決~averdictofguiltyornotguilty有罪或無罪的裁決~toarriveat/reach/returnaverdict ,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.1. Questionably B.Arguably C.Contentiously D.Debatably解析：可以說，作為競選活動中最有爭議的候選人，他對女性的粗魯評論受到了猛烈批判。arguablyadv→arguableadj.可論證的，有依據(jù)的〔16曾消滅〕→arguev→argumentn.爭論，辯論→argumentativeadj.好爭論的；questionableadj./adv/可質(zhì)疑地；contentiouslyadv→contentiousadj.有爭議的，好爭論的;debaten./vt./vi→debatableadj.有爭議的;Priceshaverecentlyriseninordertomaterials.1. cut B.buoy C.offer D.offset

theincreasedcostofraw解析：近日，物價上漲以抵消原材料本錢的上漲。考點分析，詞匯辨析offsetvt~tosthagainststhn.抵消~asanoffsettosth作為對某事物的補償；buoyvt使振作，使上漲~buoyup;rawmaterial消退。抵銷：以等價實物、債權(quán)等沖抵勾銷欠賬。Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasnoauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce.”

ofgivingany1. recommendationBrecording Crecollection D.recognition解析：這位名人在法庭上說，她“不記得授權(quán)任何人離婚?！笨键c分析，詞匯辨析recollectionn~hasnorecollectionof不記得；recommendationn~ontherecommendationof…經(jīng)...推舉~tospeakinrecommendationofsb/sth推舉某人某事~tomakearecommendationrecognitionn.認(rèn)出，生疏，Whatactually agoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatweconsiderbeautiful.1. consists B.constitutes C.composes D.constructsTheschoolisgoingthe miletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoitsuniquedevelopmentprogram.1. final B.further C.supplementary D.extra解析：D.extra.由于其獨特的進(jìn)展打算，學(xué)校正在為制造下一代體育明星而邁出一大步(更進(jìn)一步努力〕。gotheextramile“”拓展句型，ThePresidentisdetermined”togotheextramileforpeace’?？偨y(tǒng)決心“為實現(xiàn)和平而加倍努力”。Theteachers’union alawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairing“deplorable”schoolconditions.1. fired B.filed C.fined D.filled解析：B.filed.教師工會對該地區(qū)提起訴訟，要求修復(fù)“糟糕”的學(xué)校條件。詞匯辨析，file(Law~tofilealawsuit(againstsb)；teacher’suniondeplorablecondition，state〕~inadeplorablecondition下LastMarchthe ofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam.1. debris B.ruins C.remains D.wreck/