初中句子成分分析和練習(xí)題

初中句子成分解析和練習(xí)題初中句子成分解析和練習(xí)題初中句子成分解析和練習(xí)題麗慧外語句子成分解析組成句子的各個(gè)局部叫做句子成分。它包括：主語、謂語、賓4.定語：用于修飾名詞或代詞，一般由形容詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、語、定語、狀語、表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語等。不定式等充當(dāng)。如：各成分在句中的作用如何?分別由哪些詞及短語充當(dāng)?

Whatabeautifulkiteitis!(形容詞)1.主語：是句子要說明的人或事物，是句子的主體，一般由名詞、Sheisachemistryteacher.(名詞)代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式或動(dòng)名詞等充當(dāng)。如：Therearetwostudentsintheclassroom.(數(shù)詞)Thecarisrunningfast.(名詞)Wehavesomethingtodotomorrow.(不定式)Wearestudents.(代詞)Themaninblueismybrother.(介詞短語)OneofmyclassmatesisfromShanghai.(數(shù)詞)【注意】定語一般位于被修飾詞從前，但假設(shè)修飾不定代詞或It'sbadmannerstospitinpublic.(不定式)不定式等短語作定語，那么放在后邊。Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.(動(dòng)名詞)5.狀語：用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，一般由副詞、假設(shè)不定式短語作主語常用it作形式主語，而把真切的主語(不定介詞短語、不定式短語或從句充當(dāng)。單個(gè)副詞作狀語一般放式短語)放在句后。在被修飾詞從前，短語或從句放在句首或句末。如：2.謂語：說明主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也是句子的主體局部，一般由Thankyouverymuch.(副詞)動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)。動(dòng)詞分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、連系動(dòng)詞、神情動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞。Igetupatfiveinthemorning.(介詞短語)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單獨(dú)作謂語，連系動(dòng)詞與表語一起組成謂語，神情動(dòng)詞Heisstudyinghardsoastocatchupwithothers.(不定式短語)與省略to的不定式組成合成謂語，助動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞原形共同組成

Wewerehavingbreakfastwhenthetelephonerang.(從句)謂語局部。如：【注意】enough作狀語只能放在被修飾詞此后。如：Heworksinafactory.(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Ifeltcold.(系動(dòng)詞+表語)6.表語：用于說明主語的身份、特色或感覺，一般由名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、分詞等充當(dāng)。常用的連系動(dòng)詞有：be，look，

HowcanIgettothestation?(神情動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)DoyouspeakEnglish?(助動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)get，sound(聽起來)，feel，become，smell，turn，taste(嘗起來)等。如：Theyareworkinginafield.(助動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)【注意】謂語與主語在人稱與數(shù)方面要相互照料。Theyareworkers.(名詞)3.賓語：是及物動(dòng)詞所涉及的對(duì)象，一般由名詞、代詞、不定式Twoandthreeisfive.(數(shù)詞)及動(dòng)名詞等充當(dāng)。如：Thestoryisveryinteresting.(形容詞)Heisdoinghishomework.(名詞)Myjob(工作)isteachingEnglish.(動(dòng)名詞)Theydidnothingthismorning.(代詞)Sheisathome.(介詞短語)Shewantstogohome.(不定式)Ifeelterrible.(形容詞)Weenjoyplayingfootball.(動(dòng)名詞)Thedishtastesdelicious.(形容詞)【注意】①有的動(dòng)詞可接雙賓語，間接賓語指人，直接賓語指物。7.賓語補(bǔ)足語：用于補(bǔ)充說明賓語的動(dòng)作，一般位于賓語之這類動(dòng)詞常有的有：give，buy，lend，pass，tell，leave等。如：后，賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語一起組成復(fù)合賓語。需接復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞有：tell，let，help，teach，ask，see，have，order，Heboughtmeabook.Passmetheball，willyou?(間賓+直賓)make等。“賓補(bǔ)〞一般由不定式短語、分詞、名詞、形容詞直接賓語一般放在間接賓語此后，但假設(shè)把直接賓語放在前面，那么等充當(dāng)。如：要在間接賓語前加合適的介詞如to或for等。如：

Weelectedhimmonitor.(名詞)HanChenlentsomemoneytoLiHai.(直賓+間賓)IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.(形容詞)XiaoLiuboughtadictionaryforTom.(直賓+間賓)Thedoctortoldmetodomoreexercise.(不定式短語)②有的動(dòng)詞常用不定式作賓語，而不能夠用動(dòng)名詞。這類動(dòng)詞有：Heisgoingtohavehishaircut.(過去分詞)want，wish，hope，promise，decide，agree，choose，care等。Theysawabirdflyinginthesky.(現(xiàn)在分詞)如：8同位語：Ihopetoseeyouagain.同位語是在名詞或代詞此后并列名詞或代詞對(duì)前者加以說③有的動(dòng)詞一般只用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，而不用不定式。這類動(dòng)詞有：明的成分，近乎于后置定語。如：enjoy，finish，mind，practise，miss，suggest，keep(on)等。如：Westudentsshouldstudyhard./(students是we的同位語，都Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?是指同一批‘學(xué)生’〕④有的動(dòng)詞后接不定式與動(dòng)名詞含義不同樣。Weallarestudents./(all是we的同位語，都指同樣的‘我們’〕forgettodo表示“未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作〞，forgetdoing表示“已完成的9分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語與句子的主語一動(dòng)作〞。如：致!否那么應(yīng)有自己的邏輯主語，組成分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。Don'tforgettocomehereearliertomorrow.(還沒來)例：Iforgotreturningthebooktohim.(書已還給他了)Studyinghard,youscorewillgoup.答案：1They(主語〕areworking〔系表結(jié)構(gòu)做謂語〕onthefarm〔地11.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish。點(diǎn)狀語〕now〔時(shí)間狀語〕.——————————————〔動(dòng)詞ing做主語〕is〔謂語〕believing〔賓語〕主語狀語謂語狀語狀語12.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.3.Allofus〔主語〕like〔謂語〕KobeBryant〔賓語〕verymuch———————————————〔程度副詞狀語〕主句主語主句謂語從句主語從句謂語〔主語〕became〔謂語〕adoctor〔賓語〕in1998〔時(shí)13.Theyloveeachother.間狀語〕——————————5.Thebook〔主語〕lyingonthefloor〔補(bǔ)語〕are〔謂語〕mine主謂語賓語

〔賓語〕14.Whatdidyoubye?6.Suddenly〔狀語〕it〔形式主語〕begantorain〔謂語〕————————7.Tocatchthetrain,〔目的狀語〕I〔主語〕gotup〔謂語〕early賓助動(dòng)詞主謂15.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.—————————————————————主謂賓賓語補(bǔ)足語16.Yourjobtodayistohelptheold.——————-——————————yesterday〔時(shí)間狀語〕〔主語〕alwaysfind〔謂語〕her〔賓語〕happy〔狀語〕9.He〔主語〕wonders〔謂語〕ifI〔條件句中的主語〕stillstudy〔條件句中的謂語〕English〔條件句中的賓語〕整個(gè)條件句做骨干的賓語10.Theletter〔主語〕whichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterday〔定主定語系動(dòng)詞表語語從句〕was〔謂語〕afriendofmine〔賓語〕17.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.————————————主謂賓18.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.—————————————————————————時(shí)間狀語從句主句主語主句謂語19.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.———————————————————————————————主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語狀語20.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.————————————————形式主語謂語賓語真切主語(三)①D②D③B④A⑤B⑥D(zhuǎn)⑦C⑧D⑨A⑩D(四)①D②B③D④C⑤B(五)①C②C③A④B⑤B⑥D(zhuǎn)(六)①C②C③C④C⑤D⑥B(七)①D②A③D④D⑤A⑥D(zhuǎn)⑦C⑧D(八)①us,間接賓語astory,直接賓語②me,間接賓語anewbike,直接賓語③us,間接賓語history,直接賓語④Tom,間接賓語it,直接賓語⑤me,間接賓語message,直接賓語挑出以下句中的表語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題〔1〕①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.1.Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.

ABCD2.Seeingisbelieving.3.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch4.Shebecameadoctorin1998②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?ABCD③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.5.ThebookslyingontheflooraremineABCD6.Suddenlyitbeginstorain④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.7.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday8.IalwaysfindherhappyABCD9.HewondersIfIstillstudyEnglish⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.10.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriend

ABCDofmine.11.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.挑出以下句中的定語①TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.12.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.ABCD13.Theyloveeachother.14.Whatdidyoubye?②Whatisyourgivenname?15.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.

ABCD16.yourjobtodayistohelptheold.③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.17.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.18.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.ABCD④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.19.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryABCD

oftheirmarriage.20.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.挑出以下句中的賓語ABCD①M(fèi)ybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!ABCDABCD②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.挑出以下句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語ABCD①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksin③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.thereading-room.ABCDABCD④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.ABCDABCD⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogo

③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.swimming,howaboutyou?ABCDABCD④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.ABCDABCD⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.ABCD⑥D(zhuǎn)idyouseeLiMingplayingfootballonthABCDplaygroundjustnow?⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.A