【語(yǔ)法】直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)-完整版課件

高中英語(yǔ)精品語(yǔ)法課件直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)（第1課時(shí)）Lead-in比較下面每組句子，留意句式的變化。1.“IhaveneverbeentotheUnitedStates,”saidTom.TomsaidthathehadneverbeentotheUnitedStates.2.“Ididn’tgotoyourpartybecauseIhadtoomuchtodothatday,”Harryexplainedtome.Harryexplainedtomethathehadn’tcometomypartybecausehehadtoomuchtodothatday.3.“WatchcarefullyanddowhatIdo,”saidtheteacher.Theteachertoldustowatchcarefullyanddowhathe/shedid.4.“Wouldyoucometomyhousefordinnertonight?”saidMaryonthephone.Maryaskedmetogotoherhousefordinnertonight/thatday.Presentation1.直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)：用引號(hào)的形式直接引用別人說(shuō)過(guò)的話。“Iwenttheparkthismorningandsawmanyforeigners,”Mothersaidtome.媽媽對(duì)我說(shuō)：“我今天上午去了公園，看見(jiàn)了許多外國(guó)人。”“ComewithmeandIwillshowyouwhatIboughtthismorning,”Jennysaidtoherfriends.珍妮對(duì)朋友說(shuō)；“跟我來(lái)，我給你們看我今天上午買的東西?！薄癢hichcountrieshaveyoubeento?”theteachersaidtothegirl.老師對(duì)那女孩說(shuō)：“你到過(guò)哪些國(guó)家？”P(pán)resentation間接引語(yǔ)：用自己的話去表述別人說(shuō)過(guò)的話。被轉(zhuǎn)述的話不放在引號(hào)里。Mothertoldmethatshehadgonetotheparkthatmorningandhadseenmanyforeigners.媽媽告訴我她那天上午去了公園，還看見(jiàn)了許多外國(guó)人。Jennytoldherfriendstogowithherandsaidthatshewouldshowthemwhatshehadboughtthatmorning.珍妮叫朋友跟她走，說(shuō)要給他們看她那天上午買的東西。Theteacheraskedthegirlwhichcountriesshehadbeento.老師問(wèn)那女孩到過(guò)哪些國(guó)家。Presentation2.直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為間接引語(yǔ)涉及到句型、語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)、人稱代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化。1）句型的變化直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語(yǔ)要變換句型。陳述句、一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句都變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句的形式，而祈使句變?yōu)閹o的不定式，表示請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句一般也變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ?。Presentation“Weshoulddowhatwecantohelpourstudents,”theheadnastersaidtotheteachers.校長(zhǎng)對(duì)老師們說(shuō)：“我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡我們的能力幫助學(xué)生們。”→Theheadmastertoldtheteachersthattheyshoulddowhattheycouldtohelpthestudents.DirectSpeech（直接引語(yǔ)）IndirectSpeech（間接引語(yǔ)）DeclarativeSentences（陳述句）…said（that）…說(shuō)………toldsb.（that）…對(duì)……說(shuō)…explaintosbthat…向……解釋Presentation“Doyouworkhardatyourlessonsatschool?”themothersaidtoherdaughter.那位母親對(duì)女兒說(shuō)：“你在學(xué)校里刻苦學(xué)習(xí)功課嗎？”→Themotheraskedherdaughterwhethersheworkedhardatherlessonsatschool.DirectSpeech（直接引語(yǔ)）IndirectSpeech（間接引語(yǔ)）GeneralQuestions（一般疑問(wèn)句）…asked（sb.）whether/if…問(wèn)……是否……Presentation“Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?”thepolicesaidtotheman.警察對(duì)那人說(shuō)：“昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候你在干什么？”→Thepoliceaskedthemanwhathewasdoingatthattimethatday.DirectSpeech（直接引語(yǔ)）IndirectSpeech（間接引語(yǔ)）SpecialQuestions（特殊疑問(wèn)句）…asked（sb.）wh-…問(wèn)……explaintosbwh-…向……解釋Presentation“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.老師對(duì)學(xué)生說(shuō)：“不要看窗外?！薄鶷heteachertoldthestudentsnottolookoutofthewindow.DirectSpeech（直接引語(yǔ)）IndirectSpeech（間接引語(yǔ)）ImperativeSentences（祈使句）…asksb（not）todosth.請(qǐng)人（不要）做……tellsb（not）todosth.叫人（不要）做……ordersb（not）todosth.命令人（不要）做……PresentationHesaidtome,“Youdon’tknowmymother,doyou?”他對(duì)我說(shuō)：“你不認(rèn)識(shí)我媽，是嗎？”→HeaskedmewhetherIknowhismotherornot.DirectSpeech（直接引語(yǔ)）IndirectSpeech（間接引語(yǔ)）TagQuestions（反意問(wèn)句）andnegativeGeneralQuestions（否定一般問(wèn)句）…asksbwhether…ornot問(wèn)……是否……Presentation“CouldyoupleasetellyourmothertocometothepartyonSundayevening”AuntWangsaidtoLiMin.王阿姨對(duì)李敏說(shuō)：“請(qǐng)你告訴你媽媽在星期日來(lái)參加舞會(huì)，好嗎？”→AuntWangaskedLiMintotellhermothertocometothepartyonSunday.DirectSpeech（直接引語(yǔ)）IndirectSpeech（間接引語(yǔ)）Requests（請(qǐng)求）…asksbto（not）dosth.請(qǐng)人（不要）做……begsb（not）todosth.求人（不要）做……Spotlight關(guān)于表示“請(qǐng)求”的直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題在英語(yǔ)中，表示“請(qǐng)求”的句型有很多，常用的有下面幾個(gè)：①Will/Would/Couldyoupleasedo…?請(qǐng)您……好嗎？②Could/Canyoudo…?您能否……？③Pleasedomeafavortodo…請(qǐng)您幫我……④Wouldyoubesokindtodo…?請(qǐng)您……好嗎？⑤Pleasedo…請(qǐng)您……上述句型變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用句型asksomeone（not）todosomething“請(qǐng)人（不要）做某事”。Spotlight“Couldyoubuymesomericewhenyoucomeback?”theoldmansaidtoFlora.老人對(duì)弗羅拉說(shuō)：“你回來(lái)的時(shí)候，可不可以幫我買點(diǎn)米？”→TheoldmanaskedFloratobuyhimsomericewhenshecameback.“Wouldyoubesokindtosolvetheproblemforme?”theboysaidtous.那男孩對(duì)我們說(shuō)：“請(qǐng)你們幫我解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，好嗎？”→Theboyaskedustosolvetheproblemforhim.“Wouldyoudomeafavourtoturndownthetelevisionalittle?”BettysaidtoAlice.貝蒂對(duì)愛(ài)麗斯說(shuō)：“請(qǐng)您把電視機(jī)的音量關(guān)小點(diǎn)，好嗎？”→BettyaskedAlicetoturndownthetelevisionalittle.Practice1.Ican’tleave.ShetoldmethatI_____stayhereuntilshecomesback.（2009全國(guó)II）A.canB.mustC.willD.may答案：B。must可以用在主句為過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句中。2.Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswifeshehadafall,Mr.Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.（2011江西）A.says B.said C.saying D.tosay答案：C。hiswife為介詞賓語(yǔ)，后面不可能接謂語(yǔ)，只能接非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。鏈接高考Practice將下列直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)。1.“Canyoulendmeyourdictionaryforawhile?”TomsaidtoFlora.2.“Iwilltrymybesttohelpyouwithyourmath,”theteachersaidtothegirl.3.“Willyoucometomyhouseandhavedinnerwithus?”Mike’ssisteraskedhim.4.“Ithinkthisisthemostexcitingmomentinyourlife,”myunclesaidtome.5.“Makesuretheelectricityisturnedoffwhenyouleave,”Mothersaidtome.6.“Couldyoumeetmeattheairportatseventonight,”Johnsaidtohisaunt.7.“Ilivedinasmalltowntenyearsago,”saidthedoctor.8.“Don’tmakethesamemistakeagain,”theteachersaidtotheboy.隨堂練習(xí)Practice答案1.TomaskedFloratolendhimherdictionaryforawhile.2.Theteachertoldthegirlthathe/shewouldtryhis/herbesttohelpherwithhermaths.3.Mike’ssisteraskedhimwhetherhewouldgotoherhouseandhavedinnerwiththem./Mike’ssisteraskedhimtogotoherhouseandhavedinnerwiththem.4.Myuncletoldmethathethoughtthatwasthemostexcitingmomentinmylife.5.MothertoldmetomakesuretheelectricitywasturnedoffwhenIleft.6.Johnaskedhisaunttomeethimattheairportatseventhatnight.7.Thedoctorsaidthathehadlivedinasmalltowntenyearsbefore.8.Theteachertoldtheboynottomakethesamemistakeagain.Practice選擇正確選項(xiàng)填空1.Herfriendsoftenaskher_______.A.howherhometownlookslikeB.howdoesherhometownlookC.whatdoesherhometownlooklikeD.whatherhometownlookslike2.Mygrandmothersays______Ipasstheentranceexaminationshewillbuymeacellphone.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD./3.Thegirlsaid_______atthetime.A.howworriedwassheB.howworriedshewasC.howworriedsheisD.howhewasworriedPractice4.Theofficerorderedtheguns_______tothefrontatonce.A.tosendB.tobesentC.besent