高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一 unit2單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)估測(cè)試A卷（原題版）(全國(guó)新高考地區(qū)使用)

Unit2LookingintotheFuture單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)估A卷第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASomeJapanesecompaniesareproducingrobotsforuseinthehomeascompanions.Wewouldliketointroducethreemodelsthataremoreorlessaffordable.KiroboMini,asmallrobotforuseinhomeJapanesecarmakerToyotasellstheKiroboMini,asmallrobotdesignedforcuteness.Sofar,therobotcanonlyunderstandJapanese.Butitcanrespondwhenspokentoandcanasksomequestions.IfyoutalkwithKirobo,itcanrememberthecontentofadiscussion.Inthisway,therobotcanget“smarter”andwillbeableto“growup”overtime.Therobotissmall—only10centimetrestallanditspriceis$350.Aibo,aroboticdogSonyistheJapanesemaker,now,producingaroboticdogcalledAibo.TheAiboisabout30centimetreslongandhasnaturallookingeyes.Itisalsoverycute.Theeyeshaveacamera,soyoucantakeapicturewhileplayingwithAibo.Theroboticdogcanrespondtoapinkballandplasticbonelikerealdogs.Sonyisconsideringoverseassalesbuthasnotdecidedyet.However,Aiboismuchmorecostlywithapriceofabout$1,800.Qoobo,cushionwithatailQoobolooksmorelikeacushionthanarobot.YukaiEngineeringinTokyomakesQoobowhichhasnofaceorlegs.Therobotonlyhasabodyandatail.However,thecompanysaysthecushioncanwaveitstailslowlyasaresponsetocaressesandtapping.Qooboisthebiggestoftherobots—at33centimetresinlength.ItisnowavailabletoorderinJapanandtheUnitedStatesandisexpectedtobesentoutlaterthisyear.Qooboistheleastcostlyoftheserobotsat$90,butitdoesnothavetheabilityto“l(fā)earn”fromitssurroundings.21．Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperdoesthispassagebelongto?A．Economy.B．ScienceandTechnology.C．Entertainment.D．Education.22．Howcanwearrangetheorderoftherobotsinlength?A．KiroboMini,Aibo,Qoobo.B．Qoobo,KiroboMini,Aibo.C．Aibo,KiroboMini,Qoobo.D．KiroboMini,Qoobo,Aibo.23．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．KiroboMinicanrespondtoaplasticbonelikerealdogs.B．QooboisalreadyonsaleintheUnitedStates.C．KiroboMinicanreallygrowupovertime.D．Aiboisthemostexpensiveamongthethree.BInthefuture,therapypatientsmayspendlesstimesittinginatherapist'sofficeandmoretimeexploringvirtualworlds.Researchershavecreatedanewvirtualreality(VR)apptotreatthefearofheights.Theappjusthadaclinicaltrial.PeopledevelopedotherVRtherapiesinthepast.Theseprogramsneededareal-lifetherapisttoguidepatientsthroughthetreatment.Butthenewsystemonlyusesananimatedavatar(虛擬化身)withintheapp.Theavatarcoachespatientsastheyclimbavirtualhigh-rise.Thiskindoftherapist-freecounselingcouldmakeitmucheasierforpeopletogethelpforfearsandotherdisorders.“Thisis‘a(chǎn)hugestepforward’forVRtherapy，”saysJenniferHames,aclinicalpsychologist.“Withthissystem,peopledon'tneedtovisitatherapist'sofficetogetexperthelp.Theycouldgethelpintheirregulardoctor'soffice,orevenathome.Thatcouldbegoodforpeoplewhoaren'tcomfortablewithface-to-facetherapy,orwhocan'taffordit，”shesays.Totesthoweffectivetheirappwas,Freemanandcolleaguesrecruited(招募)100adultvolunteers,whoweremoderatelytoseverelyafraidofheights.Theresearchersrandomlyassigned49peopletohaveVRtreatmentwhiletheother51participantsgotnotreatment.Beforetheexperimentbegan,participantsfilledoutaquestionnairethatratedtheirfearofheightsfrom16to80.Theyfilledoutthesamequestionnairerightafterthetreatment.Thentheydiditagaintwoweekslater.Thescoresofpatientswhogotnotreatmentstayedthesame.ButpeoplewhousedtheVRappdroppedanaverageofabout25pointsonthescale.“TheresultsgivestrongevidencethatthenewVRprogramismorehelpfulthannotreatmentatall.Butit'snotclearhowwellthistypeofsystemcouldworkformorecomplexmentalhealthissues，”saysMarkHayward,aclinicalpsychologistattheUniversityofSussex.“Andwhenitcomestohelpingpeoplewithmoreseveresymptoms,VRprobablywon'treplacetrainedtherapistsanytimesoon.”24．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thecausesofthefearofheights.B．Theresultsofthefearofheights.C．AVRapptotreatthefearofheights.D．Thetreatmentofthefearofheights.25．WhatdoweknowabouttheVRtherapy?A．Ithasatherapisttoguidepatients.B．Itisconvenientanddoesn'tcostmuch.C．Itallowspatientstoclimbarealhigh-rise.D．Itrequirespatientstogotothetherapist'soffice.26．WhydidFreeman'steamconducttheexperiment?A．Toratetheparticipants'fearofheights.B．TochecktheeffectivenessoftheVRapp.C．Tofindouthowseverepeople'sfearofheightsis.D．Toexploreanewwaytoimprovethetreatment.27．Inhelpingpeoplewithmoreseveresymptoms,________.A．theVRappisveryhelpfulB．theresultsoftheapparenotclearC．trainedtherapistsarestillneededD．notrainedtherapistsarenecessaryCIntelligencemakesforbetterleaders.Itcertainlymakessensethathandlingamarketshiftoranythinglikethatrequiresintelligence.Butnewresearchonleadershipsuggeststhat,atacertainpoint,havingahigherIQstopshelpingandstartshurting.Decadesago,DeanSimonton,apsychologistfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,cameupwiththatbrilliantleaders'wordsmaysimplygooverpeople'sheads,thattheirsolutionscouldbemorecomplicatedtocarryoutandthatfollowersmightfindithardertorelatetothem.NowSimontonandtwocolleagueshavefinallytestedthatidea,publishingtheirresultsinJournalofAppliedPsychology.Theresearcherslookedat379maleandfemalebusinessleadersin30countriesacrossfieldsincludingbanking,retailandtechnology.ThemanagerstookIQtestsandeachwasrated(劃分等級(jí))ontheleadershipstyleandeffectivenessbyanaverageofeightco-workers.TheIQpositivelycorrelated(相互關(guān)聯(lián))withratingsofleadereffectiveness,strategyformation,visionandseveralothercharacteristics—uptoapoint.TheratingspeakedatanIQofaround120,whichishigherthanroughly80percentofofficeworkers.Beyondthat,theratingsdecreased.Theresearcherssuggestthe“ideal”IQcouldbehigherto140orlowerto100invariousfields,dependingonwhethertechnicalorsocialskillsaremorevaluedinagivenworkculture.“It'saninterestingandthoughtfulpaper，”saysPaulSackett,amanagementprofessoratUniversityofMinnesota,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.“Tome,therightinterpretation(理解)oftheworkwouldbethatithighlightsaneedtounderstanditiswhathigh-IQleadersdothatleadstolowerunderstandingbyfollowers，”hesays.“Thewronginterpretationwouldbe‘Don'thirehigh-IQleaders’．”Thestudy'sleadauthor,JohnAntonakis,apsychologistattheUniversityofLausanneinSwitzerland,suggestsleadersshouldusetheirintelligencetousecreativelanguagethatwillpersuadeandinspireothers—thewayformerU．S.PresidentBarackObamadid.“Ithinktheonlywayasmartpersoncansignaltheirintelligenceproperlyandstillconnectwithpeople，”Antonakissays,“istospeakincharmingways.”28．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,weknowthat________.A．well-knownleadersshowthehighestIQB．effectivebusinessdependsontheintelligenceofleadersC．leaderswithahigherIQmaydoharmtoteamsD.thehigherIQleadershave,thestrongerleadershiptheyhave29．AccordingtoSimonton,managerswithanIQofabout__areprobablythemostefficient.A．80 B．100C．120 D．14030．WhatisPaulSackett'sattitudetowardshiringhigh-IQleaders?A．Unconcerned.B．Positive.C．Doubtful.D．Unclear.31．WhydidAntonakismentionBarackObamainthelastparagraph?A．Toencourageustolearnmoreaboutleadership.B．Toexplainhowintelligentpeopleachievesuccess.C．Toshowcreativityismoreimportantthanintelligence.D．Toemphasizetheimportanceofusingintelligenceproperly.DTherewasatimewhenatriptothesupermarketintheUnitedStatesoftenendedwithaseeminglysimplequestionfromthecashier,“Paperorplastic？”Well,whichtypeofbagwouldyouchoose?Whilebothtypesofbagshavesomeinfluenceontheenvironment,ithaslongbeensupposedthatpaperbagsarebetter.Theyaremadefromarenewablesource,arebrokendowneasily,burnwithoutgivingoffthicksmokeandcanberecycled.However,theproducingprocessbehindpaperbagsusesmoreenergythanthatofplasticones.Howcanthisbetrue?Studiesshowthatpaperbagproductionrequiresfourtimesasmuchenergyasplasticbagproduction.Andtheamountofwaterusedtomakethemistwentytimeslarger.Besides,theinfluenceonforestsisveryserious.Ittakesaboutfourteenmilliontreestoproducetenbillionpaperbags,whichhappentobethenumberofbagsusedintheUnitedStatesyearly.Intermsofrecycling,theideathatpaperbagsaremoreenvironment-friendlythanplasticonescanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowsitrequiresabout98%lessenergytorecycleplasticthanitdoestorecyclepaper.Eventhoughpaperbagsmightbemoreharmfulthanplasticones,plasticstillseemstobeconsideredasthemoreharmfulofthetwobygovernments.InIreland,forexample,ataxhasbeenintroducedtodiscouragetheuseofplasticbags.Peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.There'snodoubtthatitmakesmoresensetoreusethesebags.However,wedon'tseemtobedoingthatatpresent.Thatmaybebecausetheyfallapartquickly.Ifso,clothbagsareabetterchoice,butstill,theirproductionalsohasabadinfluenceontheenvironment.Sowhattodo?Howshouldweanswerthequestionof“Paperorplastic？”Itseemsthatwefirstneedtoaskourselvesonemoregeneralquestion:“WhatcanIdotohelptheenvironment？”32.ThequestionattheendofParagraph1isusedto________.A．introducethepointfordiscussionB．tellreadershowtosavemoneyC．expresstheauthor'sdoubts D．showthekindnessofthecashier33．Comparedwithplasticbags,paperbags________.A．takemoretimetobreakdown B．requirelessenergytorecycleC．needmorewatertoproduce D．havelessinfluenceonforests34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Share. B．Putforward.C．Discuss.D．Giveup.35．Whichquestiondoestheauthorprobablyhopethecashierask?A．Paperorcloth? B．Anewbagoryourownone?C．Asmallbagorbigone? D．Paperorplastic?第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”__36__Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.__37__Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).__38__Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情緒).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.__39__Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.__40__Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialvitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughvitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofvitaminD.A．Freshaircleansourlungs.B．Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C．Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D．Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E．Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F．Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G．Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwasvisitingCostaRicawhenIfoundmyselfinabadsituation:allmybankcardsweren't__41__andIonlyhad$5andareturnticketintwoweeks.Backthen,therewerenocellphonesorInternet.Itwas__42__whocametomyrescuetogetmehome.Ithoughtthecitydangerousanddecidedtofindkindpeopleinthe__43___.Withmyremainingcoins,I__44__tothebusstationandfoundacountrysidethatIcould__45___.Fivehourslater,IarrivedatSantaRosa.Iwentknockingdoortodoor,__46__mysituationwithmyverypoorSpanish,__47__everyonepointedmetoanotherhouse.Finally,I__48__aChineserestaurant.Theownerwasextremely__49__.Sheheardmystoryandfelt__50__forme.Shesaidhersonhadasimilar__51___.Atthattime,someotherpeoplewereverykindtohim,andsherememberedhow__52__thatmadeherfeel.Sheinvitedmein,gavemefood,andcalledtheRedCrossto__53__me.IspentmyremainingdaysinCostaRicawiththeheadofRedCross.Irealizedthatbeingabletoreceivekindnessisa__54__forotherpeopleaswell.Andkindness__55__morekindnessinsmallripples(波紋)．41．A.working B．paying C．travelling D．increasing42．A.villagers B．tourists C．visitors D．strangers43．A.street B．town C．countryside D．community44．A.drove B．flew C．headed D．slid45．A.buy B．a(chǎn)fford C．rent D．earn46．A.explaining B．sharing C．exchanging D．exploring47．A.or B．but C．a(chǎn)nd D．therefore48．A.thoughtof B．heardof C．a(chǎn)rrivedat D．a(chǎn)imedat49．A.rich B．kind C．busy D．serious50．A.proud B．happy C．excited D．sorry51．A.adventure B．experience C．failure D．strategy52．A.warm B．curious C．cool D．strange53．A.choose B．calm C．comfort D．rescue54．A.gift B．trouble C．trap D．request55．A.improves B．challenges C．encourages D．designs第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheBigBangtheoryisscience'sbestexplanationofhowtheuniversebegan.Thetheoryinsiststhatouruniverse1.________(create)whenatinyandsuper-hotmassexplodedandbeganexpandingveryrapidly.It2.________(final)cooledandformedintothestarsandgalaxies(銀河系)with3.________wearefamiliar.Itissaid4.________theeventhappenedapproximately15billionyearsago.TheeventoftheBigBangwasspaceitselfexpanding—perhapsatspeeds5.________(great)thanlight.Sincethelate1960s,theBigBangtheory6.________(be)themainexplanationforthebirthofouruniverse.Because7.________(physics)havenotyetfoundaconvincingtheorythatexplainshowgravityoperates,theyareunable8.________(find)theoriesastowhathappenedaftertheBigBang.Attheverybeginning,ouruniversemayhavebeenanobjectwithnearly-infinitedensity,9.________perhapssomethingelse.Ourinstrumentsand10.________(science)methodsmayneedtobefullyimprovedbeforeanyfurtherprogressismade.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Terry很想了解中國(guó)。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封郵件，推薦ChinaDaily。要點(diǎn)如下：1．該報(bào)是介紹中國(guó)的優(yōu)質(zhì)英文報(bào)；2．該報(bào)內(nèi)容廣泛(包含國(guó)內(nèi)外新聞、體育賽事、文化活動(dòng)等)；3．該報(bào)頗受以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人的歡迎。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：qualitynewspaper優(yōu)質(zhì)報(bào)紙；awiderangeof大范圍的；bepopularwith…受到……的歡迎DearTerry，I'msopleasedtohearthatyoudesiretoknowmoreaboutChinaverymuch.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourpromptreply.Yours，LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thoughitisoneofthefadedmemoriesofmylifetoday,therearetimeswhenIrememberhisfaceclearly,especiallyhiseyes.AshehadyellowspotsonhiseyeswecalledhimSpotty.Hewouldhavebeenastray(流浪)dog,untilhecametome.Iwassevenyearsold.MydadhadjustgotanewjobinNasik.Wehadmovedintoarentedhouse.It