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AnintroduceofBloodglucosemeter血糖儀制作:卞海麟其他組員:沈卓夫張璞卿whatisBloodglucosemeter?Bloodglucosemeterisusuallyadisposableteststripstocontainblooddrawnthroughyourfingers,thentheinstrumentwillreadthepaperandanalyzedtoobtainbloodsugarlevels.血糖儀通常以一條即棄的試紙盛載從指尖抽出的血液,然后儀器將試紙讀入及分析,取得血糖水平。Sincethe1970s,theinventionpocketbloodglucosemeteravailabledropofcapillarybloodglucose,patientsmayself-testbloodsugar,rapidoutcome,andthereforeconsideredamilestoneinthehistoryofthetreatmentofdiabetes自從20世紀(jì)70年代發(fā)明袖珍血糖儀,可用一滴毛細(xì)血管全血測(cè)定血糖以來,有可能病人自測(cè)血糖,快速得出結(jié)果,因而認(rèn)為是糖尿病治療史上的一個(gè)里程碑Instrumentoperation儀器操作Bloodglucosemeteroperationisbasicallydividedintofivesteps:Stepone:Turnonthepower,inpart,bypressingthepowerswitch,partoftheteststripdirectlyinsertedautomaticallyboot.Steptwo:blood,vampire:usedwithgoodbloodglucosemeterwithlancingdevicedirectblood,thenadropofbloodintotheteststripby,putpaperwillbedirectlysuckedintothevampirearea.Thethirdstep:Showresults:Afterthevampire,thecountdownwillbepresented,showingthetestresults.Rangingfrom5secondsto30seconds.StepFour:Completethetestshutdown.Unplugthemainstreambloodglucosemeterteststripsautomaticallyshutdownpartoftheearlyproductsalsoneedtoturnoffthepowerbutton.Shutdowncanreducemachinewearandtear.血糖儀的操作基本上分五個(gè)步驟:第一步:打開電源,一部分是直接按電源開關(guān),一部分直接插試紙自動(dòng)開機(jī)的。第二步:采血、吸血:用隨血糖儀配好的采血筆直接采血,然后血滴靠進(jìn)試紙,放到試紙吸血區(qū)就會(huì)直接吸進(jìn)。第三步:顯示結(jié)果:吸血之后,就會(huì)呈現(xiàn)倒計(jì)時(shí),顯示測(cè)試結(jié)果。從5秒到30秒不等。第四步:完成測(cè)試,關(guān)機(jī)。主流的血糖儀拔出試紙自動(dòng)關(guān)機(jī),一部分早期產(chǎn)品還需要關(guān)閉電源鍵。關(guān)機(jī)可減少機(jī)器損耗。Typeofreference類型參考EconomySuchsmallthebloodvolumebloodglucosemeter(only2microliters),displaytheresultsfaster,moreaccurateresults,easytooperate,thepriceisgenerallynotmorethan800yuan,whichcanmeettheneedsofmostpatientswithdiabetes.FunctionalSuchbloodglucosemeterbasedontheincreaseinbudgetanalysisandotherfunctions,suchasbloodglucoselevelscanbestoredandautomaticallycalculate7days,14daysand30daystheaveragebloodsugar,andlarge-screenimagedisplay,capableofdatatransfertoacomputerforfurtheranalysis.Pricesin1100to1400yuan.LuxuryComparedwiththeprevioustwobloodglucosemeter,bloodglucosemeterofthistypeoffunctionismorecomplete,itcannotonlymeasurebloodsugar,butalsothedeterminationoftotalcholesterol,triglyceridesandotherindicators,inaddition,italsohasautomaticidentification,automaticmemoryfunction.MostexpensiveProductType產(chǎn)品類型PocketMeterDuetorapidbloodglucosemeterbypatientself-operation,etc.,soself-testbloodsugarDiabetesAssociationrecommendedonlyforpatientsforpersonaluse,andasinpatientbedsideexaminationpurposes,especiallyintheemergencyroom,operatingroom,intensivecareandothermoreapplicable.Venousplasmawasmeasuredprimarilyasadiagnosticmeasure,correctionpocketglucosemeters,whenmeasuredwithscientificresearchanddootherbiochemicaltests.BiochemicalbloodglucosemeterAfterpumpingbloodbiochemicalanalyzercentrifugebloodtoobtainplasmaseparation,plasmaglucosemeterfollowedbyoxidationreactionofglucosewithglucoseoxidasetogeneratehydrogenperoxide,withtheadditionofamonitoringsystemforthedeterminationofhydrogenperoxideistoomuch,theobtainedbloodsugarlevels.Themainadvantageofbiochemicalanalyzertomeasureveryprecisely,thedisadvantageisthemeasurementtimeisslow,usuallythenextdaytogetresults;YongXieLiangmore,usually3,000to5,000microliters;complexoperation,onlytrainedpeopletooperate;machinesexpensive,onlysomehospitalshaveequipped.袖珍血糖儀快速血糖儀由于可由病人自行操作等優(yōu)點(diǎn),故糖尿病協(xié)會(huì)不但推薦自測(cè)血糖為病人自用,且定為住院病人床邊檢查之用,尤其在急診室、手術(shù)室、特護(hù)病房等更為適用。靜脈血漿測(cè)量測(cè)定主要作為診斷、校正袖珍血糖儀,科研及做其它生化檢查時(shí)附帶測(cè)定。生化血糖儀生化儀抽靜脈血后用離心機(jī)分離血液得到血漿,血糖儀漿通過與葡萄糖氧化酶反應(yīng)氧化葡萄糖后產(chǎn)生過氧化氫,用另外一監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)測(cè)定過氧化氫的多少,而得出血糖含量。生化儀的優(yōu)點(diǎn)主要是測(cè)量非常精確,缺點(diǎn)是測(cè)量時(shí)間慢,通常第二天才能得到結(jié)果;用血量多,通常要3000~5000微升;操作復(fù)雜,只有受過專業(yè)培訓(xùn)的人才能操作;機(jī)器價(jià)格昂貴,只有部分醫(yī)院才有配備。Keytechniques核心技術(shù)Accuracy:Aslongasthestabilityofagoodpaper,youcanmakethemeasuredvaluebyadjustingthevalueofthepasswordasclosetothestandard,whichiscalledcalibration,theaccuracyofthepremiseisthestability,accuracygoodproductsonbehalfofmanufacturersscalingtechnologyisgood.Stability:Stabilityistoevaluateanimportantindicatorofthequalityofbloodglucosemeter,bloodglucosemeterbecausetherelativelylargeerrors,suchasbloodsugaris10,accordingtothenationalstandardmeasure8or12canbeconsideredaccurate,butifmeasuredbyamachineoutofthistworesults,indicatinggoodstabilityofthemachine,itisdifficulttoguidepatientstotakeeffectivetreatmentoptions,soastablebloodglucosemeterisveryimportant.Temperature:Sinceenzymesareaffectedbytemperature,soonlyundercertaintemperatureconditionsbeforemeasurementofbloodglucose,themanufacturersoftemperaturecompensationinadditiontodeterminethelevelofhightemperaturestability,itwillalsodeterminethewidthofthebloodglucosemeterfortemperature,variousBloodglucosemeterusingaslightlydifferenttemperature,generally10-40degrees.準(zhǔn)確性:只要試紙穩(wěn)定性好,就可以通過調(diào)節(jié)密碼來使測(cè)值盡量接近標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值,也就是所謂的定標(biāo),準(zhǔn)確性的前提是穩(wěn)定性,準(zhǔn)確性好的產(chǎn)品代表廠家定標(biāo)技術(shù)好。穩(wěn)定性:穩(wěn)定性是評(píng)價(jià)血糖儀好壞的重要指標(biāo),由于血糖儀相對(duì)誤差較大,譬如血糖是10,根據(jù)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)出8或12都可以認(rèn)為是準(zhǔn)確的,但若通過一臺(tái)機(jī)器測(cè)出這樣的兩個(gè)結(jié)果,說明機(jī)器的穩(wěn)定性不好,很難有效指導(dǎo)病人采取治療方案,所以血糖儀的穩(wěn)定非常重要。適用溫度:由于酶會(huì)受溫度影響,所以只有在一定的溫度條件下才可測(cè)量血糖,各廠家溫度補(bǔ)償技術(shù)高低除能決定高低溫穩(wěn)定性外,還會(huì)決定血糖儀的適用溫度寬度,各家血糖儀的使用溫度稍有不同,一般在10-40度。Caremethod保養(yǎng)方法1,whenthebloodglucosemeterandbloodglucosemeterteststripsdonotuse,intoglucosetesterpackagesaved,inordertokeeporcarry.2,ifaforeignbodyglucosemetersticksurface,donotusehighlycorrosivealcohol,gasolineandothercleaning;mayuseaneutraldetergenttowipe.Aswithcottonmoistened(notsoaked)withwateroralcoholwipe.3,donotletanyliquidintothetesterinside,donotuseahairdryerblowingtester.4,doanycleanteststripslot.5,iftheequipmentisnotworkingproperlyorisdamaged,pleasestopusing,donotdisassemble.6,carefultousethetester,oriftheweightofhugeshockmaydamagetheinternalelectronicinstrumentperformance.7,doanyofthecleaningstripslot.8,donotsavetoowet,hot,coldenvironment.bloodglucosemeterpreservationshouldavoiddust,thetemperatureisnottoohigh,thehum

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