Flexible-Bronchoscopy-Step-by-Step：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢課件

FlexibleBronchoscopyStepbyStep：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢查FlexibleBronchoscopyStepbyMainObjectivesTolearnbronchoscopictechniquesusinganapproachsimilartolearningtodance,playtennisorplayamusicalinstrument.Todevelop“musclememory”Todevelopa“systematicapproach”tobronchoscopicinspection.Tolearnhowtohandletheflexiblebronchoscopeandtoaccuratelyidentifyandenterlobarandsegmentalbronchialsegmentswithease.10/19/20222BI,AllRightsReserved,2005MainObjectivesTolearnbronchArtofBronchoscopy10/19/20223BI,AllRightsReserved,2005ArtofBronchoscopy10/18/20223Flexible-Bronchoscopy-Step-by-Step：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢課件Flexible-Bronchoscopy-Step-by-Step：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢課件Flexible-Bronchoscopy-Step-by-Step：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢課件BackgroundA:Flexion-ExtensionExtensionFlexion10/19/20227BI,AllRightsReserved,2005BackgroundA:Flexion-ExtensioBackgroundB:Down-Neutral-UppositionsLeverdownLeverstraight(Neutral)Leverup10/19/20228BI,AllRightsReserved,2005BackgroundB:Down-Neutral-UpGroup1Exercises10/19/20229BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Group1Exercises10/18/20229BIStep1:nosetolarynxThescopeisadvancedfromthenosetothelarynx.Thisstepincludeslocalanesthesia.FromtheheadClickHEREtoviewvideoClicktocontinue10/19/202210BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step1:nosetolarynxThescopStep2:larynxtosubglottisFromthelarynxthetracheaisenteredtothesubglotticarea.Iffromthehead:oncethevocalcordsarepassedthescopeisslightlyflexeddownwards.Iffromthefront:oncethevocalcordsarepassedthescopeisslightlyflexedupwards.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202211BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step2:larynxtosubglottisFrStep3:Followthecurvetothecarina

TheTracheaisnota“straightpipe”;Itdeviatesposteriorlyandslightlytotherightwhenapproachingthemaincarina.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202212BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step3:FollowthecurvetothStep4a:CarinatoleftmainbronchusFromtheneutralpositiontheLMBisenteredjustbytwistingthewristtotheleftandadvancingfor1-2cm.FromheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202213BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step4a:CarinatoleftmainbStep4b:CarinatorightmainbronchusFromtheneutralpositiontheRMBisenteredjustbytwistingthewristtotherightandadvancingthescopefor1-2cm.FromheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202214BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step4b:CarinatorightmainStep4c:Left-right-neutralFromtheneutralpositiontheleftandrightmainbronchiareenteredalternativelyjustbytwistingthewristandadvancingthescopeforfewcm.FromheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202215BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step4c:Left-right-neutralFrStep5a:Down-up-leftmainbronchusThescopeisslowlyadvancedthepulledbackuptheLMBwhilealwayskeepingitinthemiddleoftheairwaylumen.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202216BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step5a:Down-up-leftmainbroStep5b:Down-uprightmainbronchusThescopeisslowlyadvanceddowntheRMBtoRLLandpulledbackupwardswhilealwayskeepingitinthemiddleoftheairwaylumen.Fromthefront

ClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202217BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step5b:Down-uprightmainbrGroup2Exercises10/19/202218BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Group2Exercises10/18/202218BStep6a:LeftmaintoleftupperlobebronchusFromtheLMBthescopeisadvancedtotheentranceoftheLULbronchus.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202219BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6a:LeftmaintoleftuppStep6b:LeftmaintoleftlowerlobebronchusThescopeisadvanceddowntheLMBtotheentranceoftheLLLbronchus.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202220BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6b:LeftmaintoleftlowStep6c:RightmaintorightupperlobebronchusThescopeisadvanceddowntheRMBthenwiththewristtwisted60degreesfrommidlinethescopeisflexeduptotheentranceofRUL.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202221BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6c:RightmaintorightuStep6d:RightmaintobronchusintermediusFromthecarinaadvancethescopedowntheRMBtothedistalbronchusintermediusandvisualizetheentrancetoRB456andthebasalpyramid.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202222BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6d:RightmaintobronchuStep6e:RightmaintorightlowerlobebronchusAdvancethescopefromthecarinatotheentranceoftheRLLwhilealwayskeepingitinthemidline.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202223BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6e:RightmaintorightlGroup3Exercises10/19/202224BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Group3Exercises10/18/202224BStep7a:LeftupperlobeunodosFromthecarina,thescopeisadvancedtoLULentrance;there,justbythumbmovement,thelingulaandupperdivisionbronchusarevisualized.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202225BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7a:LeftupperlobeunodStep7b:Leftbeforefivesix(LB456)FromtheLMB,thelingulaisentered,thenthescopeispulledbackintothedistalLMBandthescopeisadvancedintothesuperiorsegmentoftheLLL.!Wristmovementsare“inthemirror”FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202226BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7b:LeftbeforefivesixStep7c:LeftB6-8,9,10WiththescopeattheLLLbronchusentrance,thesuperiorsegmentisentered,thenalternately,theantero,lateralandpostero-basalsegmentsoftheLLLareentered.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202227BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7c:LeftB6-8,9,10WiththStep7d:Rightupperlobeuno-dos-tresFromtheRMBthescopeisadvancedandflexedupintotheRULbronchuswherejustbywristandthumbmovementsthethreesegmentsarevisualized;thenthescopeiswithdrawntothemaincarina.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202228BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7d:Rightupperlobeuno-Step7e:Rightbeforefivesix(RB4,5,6)Fromthedistalbronchusintermedius,theRMLandsuperiorsegmentareenteredalternatively;!Wristmovementsare“inthemirror”.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202229BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7e:RightbeforefivesixStep7f:Rightmedialbasal(RB7)(d”Artagnan)Fromthedistalbronchusintermediusthescopeisadvancedandthemedio-basalsegmentisentered.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202230BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7f:Rightmedialbasal(RStep8a:LeftlowerlobebasalpyramidFromtheentranceoftheLLLbronchusgoinandoutofthe3basalsegments,thenwithdrawthescopetothecarina.FromtheheadPan-Pan-PanClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202231BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step8a:LeftlowerlobebasalStep8b:Rightlowerlobebasalpyramid

(D’Artagnanandthethreemusketeers)FromthecarinaadvancethescopetotheRLLbronchusentranceandthenenterthemedial-basalsegment,pullbackandthenexaminetheotherthreesegmentsofthebasalpyramid.FromthefrontSTAYOFFTHEWALLClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202232BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step8b:RightlowerlobebasaThispresentationispartofacomprehensivecurriculumforFlexibleBronchoscopy.Ourgoalsaretohelphealthcareworkersbecomebetteratwhattheydo,andtodecreasetheburdenofprocedure-relatedtrainingonpatients.

10/19/202233BI,AllRightsReserved,2005ThispresentationispartofaAnewcurriculumWeb-basedSelf-learningstudyguide.Computer-basedsimulations,didacticlectures,andimageencyclopedia.Bronchoscopystep-by-step?:Practicalexercises,skillsandtasks,competencytesting.Guidedapprenticeship.LearningtheartofBronchoscopy.DEMOCRATIZATIONANDGLOBALIZATIONOFKNOWLEDGEBRONCHATLAS?StepbyStep?Assuredcompetencyandproficiency10/19/202234BI,AllRightsReserved,2005AnewcurriculumWeb-basedSelfAlleffortsaremadebyBronchoscopyInternationaltomaintaincurrencyofonlineinformation.Allpublishedmultimediaslideshows,streamingvideos,andessayscanbecitedforreferenceas: BronchoscopyInternational:BronchoscopyStep-by-Step,an ElectronicOn-LineMultimediaSlidePresentation. http://www.B/BronchoscopyStep-by-step/htm. Published2005(Pleaseadd“DateAccessed”).Thankyou

10/19/202235BI,AllRightsReserved,2005AlleffortsaremadebyBronch人生勃蘭兌斯人生一、作者簡介勃蘭兌斯（1842—1927），丹麥文學評論家,文學史家。重要著作還有1888年發(fā)表的《波蘭印象記》和《俄國印象記》等。一、作者簡介瞻望（）攫?。ǎq魚（）停滯（）臆測（

）饋贈（）zhānjuéguīzhìkuìyì給下面的紅體字注音瞻望（）攫?。ǎ﹝hānjuég解釋下面的詞語：1停滯不前：

2樂此不疲：3粉身碎骨：4賞心悅目：5微不足道：6瞻望：受到阻礙，不能順利的進行和發(fā)展。喜歡做某事而不知疲倦。形容為了達到目的而不惜犧牲生命。指美好的情景使人心情愉快。事物細小而輕微，不值得一提。往遠處或高處看。解釋下面的詞語：受到阻礙，不能順利的進行和喜歡做某事而不知疲一、整體把握課文以“高塔”“地洞”“廣闊領(lǐng)域”和“工場”為喻，從不同的角度、視野，描述人的生命旅程的不同境況，表達了作者對人的生命本質(zhì)、對人類社會生活的深刻理解，表達了他對生命的珍愛的情感，以及讓一生過得更有意義的信念和志向一、整體把握全文按所描寫的場面自然地分為四個部分。第一部分（1～4段），描述人類攀登高塔的情景，說明人類生命表現(xiàn)形式盡管千差萬別，但其中又有共同性和必然性。第二部分（5～6段），描述一些人深入地挖掘、探尋地下坑道的情景，表現(xiàn)他們不屈不撓、頑強奮斗的精神。第三部分（7段），描述一些人在廣闊的領(lǐng)域開拓進取，他們攫取更多的土地，征服更多的人。表現(xiàn)他們勇敢頑強的精神。第四部分（8～9段），描述一些在一種工場中勞動的人們，表現(xiàn)他們的刻苦勤奮、吃苦耐勞的精神品質(zhì)。全文按所描寫的場面自然地分為四個部分。二、問題研究1．“越往上走，攀登越困難了，而且目光已不大能區(qū)別事物，它們看起來似乎都是相同的?！睘槭裁凑f都是相同的？

“往上走”意味著年齡的增長，越老經(jīng)歷的事越多，所以見到各種事物都“似曾相識”。2．“從精神上來說，他們是停留在同一個地方。”這話是什么意思？

人們隨年事的增高，自身在許多方面會有很多改變，但是性格、志趣、品質(zhì)總是很難或很少改變的。這里的“精神”應(yīng)指性格之類的東西。二、問題研究3．在廣闊的領(lǐng)域開拓進取的人具有怎樣的性格特點？（試從兩大方面來概括：）

一是貪欲：占有欲極強，渴望征服，喜歡掌握權(quán)力，控制人和事物；二是堅強：精力充沛，頭腦活躍，愛冒險，熱愛生活，勇敢地面對生活的挑戰(zhàn)。4．作者描述這些人群，肯定或贊揚了什么精神？

作者想借此來肯定或贊揚這些人對時光的珍惜，對生命的熱愛，贊揚勤于勞作的精神，辛苦探索的精神，勇敢倔強的精神……3．在廣闊的領(lǐng)域開拓進取的人具有怎樣的性格特點？（試從兩大5．“那像是一只可愛的手在轉(zhuǎn)動沙漏計，從而延緩了它的轉(zhuǎn)動?！薄耙恢豢蓯鄣氖帧敝甘裁?？沙漏計為什么會延緩轉(zhuǎn)動？

“一只可愛的手”是指“一切親切的思想”；至于沙漏計延緩轉(zhuǎn)動，也可以從兩方面理解，一是說他“沒有時間去察看放在角落里的計時沙漏計”，全神貫注以致忘記了時間，所以時間仿佛被拉長了；一是說他在有生之年做了很多很多事，別人需要很長時間做的事，他在很短的時間里就做完了，收獲甚豐，過得充實，所以時間仿佛被拉長了。5．“那像是一只可愛的手在轉(zhuǎn)動沙漏計，從而延緩了它的轉(zhuǎn)動?！遍喿x5－7自然段，說說下列句子表現(xiàn)出的人物性格（或品質(zhì)）1.他們熟悉那地下的世界，在迷宮般的坑道中探索道路，指導或是了解或是參與地下深處的工作，并樂此不疲，甚至忘記了歲月是怎樣逝去的。

熱愛事業(yè)、全心投入、以苦為樂。2.當死神臨近時，他們會像阿基米德在臨死前那樣提出請求：“不要弄亂我畫的圓圈”。愛事業(yè)甚于生命閱讀5－7自然段，說說下列句子表現(xiàn)出的人物性格（或品質(zhì)）3.好像鮭魚迎著激流，他們天賦的本性就是迎著歲月的激流熱情奔放、敢于冒險、敢于挑戰(zhàn)。4.他們利用歲月，因而歲月并不使他們厭倦。熱愛生活、永葆活力3.好像鮭魚迎著激流，他們天賦的本性就是迎著歲月的激流本文運用比喻的手法，以此代表人生各個方面的種種人：首先，作者把人生比作

揭示人類追求生命的表現(xiàn)形式千變?nèi)f化，又有相似性、一致性的特點。其次，用

比喻從事研究工作，進行較為抽象腦力勞動的人們。再次，用征服

的人比喻軍事家、政治家。最后，作者用在工場勞動的人比喻

作者運用比喻含蓄、貼切地表達自己對人生的看法，新穎、奇特、形象。攀登高塔挖掘坑道的人廣闊領(lǐng)域技術(shù)工人、工藝師、設(shè)計師、發(fā)明家本文運用比喻的手法，以此代表人生各個方面的種種人：首先，作者學習了這篇文章，你想把人生比作什么？對照自己，想想你將怎樣選擇自己的人生”？學習了這篇文章，你想把人生比作什么？對照自己，想想你將怎樣選FlexibleBronchoscopyStepbyStep：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢查FlexibleBronchoscopyStepbyMainObjectivesTolearnbronchoscopictechniquesusinganapproachsimilartolearningtodance,playtennisorplayamusicalinstrument.Todevelop“musclememory”Todevelopa“systematicapproach”tobronchoscopicinspection.Tolearnhowtohandletheflexiblebronchoscopeandtoaccuratelyidentifyandenterlobarandsegmentalbronchialsegmentswithease.10/19/202250BI,AllRightsReserved,2005MainObjectivesTolearnbronchArtofBronchoscopy10/19/202251BI,AllRightsReserved,2005ArtofBronchoscopy10/18/20223Flexible-Bronchoscopy-Step-by-Step：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢課件Flexible-Bronchoscopy-Step-by-Step：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢課件Flexible-Bronchoscopy-Step-by-Step：靈活的一步一步的支氣管鏡檢課件BackgroundA:Flexion-ExtensionExtensionFlexion10/19/202255BI,AllRightsReserved,2005BackgroundA:Flexion-ExtensioBackgroundB:Down-Neutral-UppositionsLeverdownLeverstraight(Neutral)Leverup10/19/202256BI,AllRightsReserved,2005BackgroundB:Down-Neutral-UpGroup1Exercises10/19/202257BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Group1Exercises10/18/20229BIStep1:nosetolarynxThescopeisadvancedfromthenosetothelarynx.Thisstepincludeslocalanesthesia.FromtheheadClickHEREtoviewvideoClicktocontinue10/19/202258BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step1:nosetolarynxThescopStep2:larynxtosubglottisFromthelarynxthetracheaisenteredtothesubglotticarea.Iffromthehead:oncethevocalcordsarepassedthescopeisslightlyflexeddownwards.Iffromthefront:oncethevocalcordsarepassedthescopeisslightlyflexedupwards.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202259BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step2:larynxtosubglottisFrStep3:Followthecurvetothecarina

TheTracheaisnota“straightpipe”;Itdeviatesposteriorlyandslightlytotherightwhenapproachingthemaincarina.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202260BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step3:FollowthecurvetothStep4a:CarinatoleftmainbronchusFromtheneutralpositiontheLMBisenteredjustbytwistingthewristtotheleftandadvancingfor1-2cm.FromheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202261BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step4a:CarinatoleftmainbStep4b:CarinatorightmainbronchusFromtheneutralpositiontheRMBisenteredjustbytwistingthewristtotherightandadvancingthescopefor1-2cm.FromheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202262BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step4b:CarinatorightmainStep4c:Left-right-neutralFromtheneutralpositiontheleftandrightmainbronchiareenteredalternativelyjustbytwistingthewristandadvancingthescopeforfewcm.FromheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202263BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step4c:Left-right-neutralFrStep5a:Down-up-leftmainbronchusThescopeisslowlyadvancedthepulledbackuptheLMBwhilealwayskeepingitinthemiddleoftheairwaylumen.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202264BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step5a:Down-up-leftmainbroStep5b:Down-uprightmainbronchusThescopeisslowlyadvanceddowntheRMBtoRLLandpulledbackupwardswhilealwayskeepingitinthemiddleoftheairwaylumen.Fromthefront

ClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202265BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step5b:Down-uprightmainbrGroup2Exercises10/19/202266BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Group2Exercises10/18/202218BStep6a:LeftmaintoleftupperlobebronchusFromtheLMBthescopeisadvancedtotheentranceoftheLULbronchus.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202267BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6a:LeftmaintoleftuppStep6b:LeftmaintoleftlowerlobebronchusThescopeisadvanceddowntheLMBtotheentranceoftheLLLbronchus.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202268BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6b:LeftmaintoleftlowStep6c:RightmaintorightupperlobebronchusThescopeisadvanceddowntheRMBthenwiththewristtwisted60degreesfrommidlinethescopeisflexeduptotheentranceofRUL.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202269BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6c:RightmaintorightuStep6d:RightmaintobronchusintermediusFromthecarinaadvancethescopedowntheRMBtothedistalbronchusintermediusandvisualizetheentrancetoRB456andthebasalpyramid.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202270BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6d:RightmaintobronchuStep6e:RightmaintorightlowerlobebronchusAdvancethescopefromthecarinatotheentranceoftheRLLwhilealwayskeepingitinthemidline.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202271BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step6e:RightmaintorightlGroup3Exercises10/19/202272BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Group3Exercises10/18/202224BStep7a:LeftupperlobeunodosFromthecarina,thescopeisadvancedtoLULentrance;there,justbythumbmovement,thelingulaandupperdivisionbronchusarevisualized.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202273BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7a:LeftupperlobeunodStep7b:Leftbeforefivesix(LB456)FromtheLMB,thelingulaisentered,thenthescopeispulledbackintothedistalLMBandthescopeisadvancedintothesuperiorsegmentoftheLLL.!Wristmovementsare“inthemirror”FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202274BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7b:LeftbeforefivesixStep7c:LeftB6-8,9,10WiththescopeattheLLLbronchusentrance,thesuperiorsegmentisentered,thenalternately,theantero,lateralandpostero-basalsegmentsoftheLLLareentered.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202275BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7c:LeftB6-8,9,10WiththStep7d:Rightupperlobeuno-dos-tresFromtheRMBthescopeisadvancedandflexedupintotheRULbronchuswherejustbywristandthumbmovementsthethreesegmentsarevisualized;thenthescopeiswithdrawntothemaincarina.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202276BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7d:Rightupperlobeuno-Step7e:Rightbeforefivesix(RB4,5,6)Fromthedistalbronchusintermedius,theRMLandsuperiorsegmentareenteredalternatively;!Wristmovementsare“inthemirror”.FromtheheadClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202277BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7e:RightbeforefivesixStep7f:Rightmedialbasal(RB7)(d”Artagnan)Fromthedistalbronchusintermediusthescopeisadvancedandthemedio-basalsegmentisentered.FromthefrontClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202278BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step7f:Rightmedialbasal(RStep8a:LeftlowerlobebasalpyramidFromtheentranceoftheLLLbronchusgoinandoutofthe3basalsegments,thenwithdrawthescopetothecarina.FromtheheadPan-Pan-PanClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202279BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step8a:LeftlowerlobebasalStep8b:Rightlowerlobebasalpyramid

(D’Artagnanandthethreemusketeers)FromthecarinaadvancethescopetotheRLLbronchusentranceandthenenterthemedial-basalsegment,pullbackandthenexaminetheotherthreesegmentsofthebasalpyramid.FromthefrontSTAYOFFTHEWALLClicktocontinueClickHEREtoviewvideo10/19/202280BI,AllRightsReserved,2005Step8b:RightlowerlobebasaThispresentationispartofacomprehensivecurriculumforFlexibleBronchoscopy.Ourgoalsaretohelphealthcareworkersbecomebetteratwhattheydo,andtodecreasetheburdenofprocedure-relatedtrainingonpatients.

10/19/202281BI,AllRightsReserved,2005ThispresentationispartofaAnewcurriculumWeb-basedSelf-learningstudyguide.Computer-basedsimulations,didacticlectures,andimageencyclopedia.Bronchoscopystep-by-step?:Practicalexercises,skillsandtasks,competencytesting.Guidedapprenticeship.LearningtheartofBronchoscopy.DEMOCRATIZATIONANDGLOBALIZATIONOFKNOWLEDGEBRONCHATLAS?StepbyStep?Assuredcompetencyandproficiency10/19/202282BI,AllRightsReserved,2005AnewcurriculumWeb-basedSelfAlleffortsaremadebyBronchoscopyInternationaltomaintaincurrencyofonlineinformation.Allpublishedmultimediaslideshows,streamingvideos,andessayscanbecitedforreferenceas: BronchoscopyInternational:BronchoscopyStep-by-Step,an ElectronicOn-LineMultimediaSlidePresentation. http://www.B/BronchoscopyStep-by-step/htm. Published2005(Pleaseadd“DateAccessed”).Thankyou

10/19/202283BI,AllRightsReserved,2005AlleffortsaremadebyBronch人生勃蘭兌斯人生一、作者簡介勃蘭兌斯（1842—1927），丹麥文學評論家,文學史家。重要著作還有1888年發(fā)表的《波蘭印象記》和《俄國印象記》等。一、作者簡介瞻望（）攫取（）鮭魚（）停滯（）臆測（