初中英語語法-虛擬語氣課件

1、Subjunctive Mood中學(xué)英語語法講解1.英語動(dòng)詞有三種語氣， 陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。（見課本P 170頁）。2. 定義：用來表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。一、虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法條件從句If 從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來did / werehad donewould/could/should/might +V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/m

2、ight + V.(原)5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6. I think we could do it, if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.與未來事實(shí)相反二、虛擬語氣特殊句型： wish + 賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：過去時(shí) (did/were)過去完成時(shí) (had done)would/c

3、ould/might+V. shouldI wish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在)I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (過去)We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未來)2. would rather that -現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：I would rather you paid me now. (現(xiàn)在)I would rather you had gone, too. (過去)Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未來)過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)3. as

4、if /though + 從句現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)He looks as if he were drunk.They talked as if they had been friends for years.She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.5. 表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語氣。賓語從句。常見動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order, comman

5、d 三個(gè)建議：advise, suggest, propose四個(gè)要求：demand , require, request, desire 這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞 使用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。 以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語）也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire6.without和but for 構(gòu)成虛擬。(but for要不是) Without sunlight, peo

6、ples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.7. If only (要是就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him aga

7、in!要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒錯(cuò)過火車就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!8. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that - 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.It

8、s necessary that we should study hard.9. Its +high time+ that - 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即 should+動(dòng)詞原形. 也可用動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)態(tài)。It is high time that we should pay more attention to our environment.It is high time that we payed more attention to our environment.10. 某些簡單句的固定句型： Heaven help him! God bless you! May you succeed! Lo

9、ng live the Peoples Republic of China!2.假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。 條件從句中有should， were， had三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞可以把if省略，并將這三個(gè)詞提至句首。If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again