延續(xù)性動詞與短暫性動詞講解與練習

1、短暫性動詞，持續(xù)性動詞與此刻達成時姓名：_短暫性動詞（停止性動詞），是指動作一旦發(fā)生就很快就結束。它不可以和一段時間連用。這種動詞有：go,come,arrive,leave,begin,start,join,marry等；短暫性動詞的一定式不可以與表示一段時間的for或since或howlong等狀語連用?？墒?，在否認句中，短暫性動詞能夠和表示一段時間的狀語連用。持續(xù)性動詞是指動作發(fā)生后還能夠持續(xù)一段時間或許相當長的一段時間。如：live,work,study,learn,sleep等，持續(xù)性動詞能夠和表示一段的時間狀語連用。值得注意的是，表示一段時間的狀語除了“for+一段時間”外，還有s

2、ince+n./從句（時間點），since+時間段+ago，疑問詞howlongthese+時間段，fromto（時間點）以及till/until+n./，inthepast+句子等等。時間段，all比如：這位老人已經(jīng)死了十年了。Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears.（）（die“死”短暫性動詞，不可以與for+一段時間連用）Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears/since10yearsago.（）diebedead，die是短暫性動詞，表示死的動作，這個動作很快就結束了，變?yōu)榱吮硎緺顟B(tài)的bedead，dead是die的形容詞，表示死了的狀態(tài)，能夠持

3、續(xù)）2.我買了這塊腕表五年了。Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears.（）（buy“買”短暫性動詞，不可以與for+一段時間連用）Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since5yearsago.（）buyhave，buy這個動作在付完錢已經(jīng)結束了，買完后是擁有have的狀態(tài)，have能夠持續(xù)）3.我走開家鄉(xiāng)已十年了。Ihavelefthometownfor10years.（）（leave“走開”短暫性動詞，不可以與for+一段時間連用）Ihavebeenawayfromhometownfor10years.（）leavebeaway，leav

4、e這個動作在走了的時候已經(jīng)結束了，走了此后，是我不在這里的狀態(tài)，beaway表示不在，走開的狀態(tài)，能夠持續(xù)）但在否認句中，短暫性動詞能夠與時間段連用。如：Ihaventboughtthebikeforayear.我買這輛自行車還不到一年。Shehasntcomehereforanhour.她來這兒還沒有一個小時。假如短暫性動詞與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，一定將短暫性動詞改為持續(xù)性動詞?，F(xiàn)概括總結一下由非持續(xù)性動詞到持續(xù)性動詞的變換：buy/gethave,borrowkeep，havediebedeadfinishbeover,Closebeclosedleavebeaway（from）op

5、enbeopenmarrybemarriedfallasleepbeasleepfall(get)illbeillgooutbeoutgetupbeupputonwear/beonMovetoliveincome/go/becomebegotoschoolbeinschool/beastudentbegin/startbeonbegintostudystudyGettoknowknowwake/wakeupbeawakeLose/die/sell/leavebegonecatch/getacoldhaveacoldjoin/takepartinbein/beamemberofcome/arri

6、ve/reach/gettobeinreturnto/comebackto/gobacktobeback(to)come(arrive,reach,get)here/go(arrive,reach,get)therebehere(there)練習：一、找出以下句子中的短暫性動詞和對應句子中的持續(xù)性動詞。例：Hedied10yearsago./Hehasbeendeadfor10years.diebedead1.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago./Hehaskeptthebookfor2_boughtthebikeamonthago./Hehashadthebikeforam

7、onth._arrivedherelastyear./Hehasbeenheresincelastyear._4.Theyturnedonthelight2hoursago./Thelighthasbeenonfor2hours._5.Helefthere2yearsago./Hehasbeenawayfromherefor2years._6.Thefilmbegan30minutesago./Thefilmhasbeenonfor30_openedthedooranhourago./Thedoorhasbeenopenforanhour._8.Theyclosedthedooranhoura

8、go./Thedoorhasbeenclosedforanhour._二、選擇題。()grandfather_fortwoyears.C.hasbeendeadD.hasbeendied(B.sinceC.beforeD.For(in.beenin()4.Doyouknowhimwell?Sure.We_friendssincetenyearsago.were.havebeen.havebecome.havemade()up!Theplay_fortenminutes.hasbegun.hadbegun.hasbeenon.Began()_tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.

9、is.has.will.Was()uncle_formorethan9years.D.hasleftthecity()8.HowlonghasRobert_?B.becomeapolicemanC.joinedtheartclubD.studiedinthisschool()father_thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin()longhaveyou_thelibrarybook?-Forabouttwoweeks.A.borrowB.borrowed()longhashe_thiscar?-Fortwoyears.A.

10、buyB.boughtC.hadD.buys()hearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway()13Thefactory_sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened()14.MaryandRose_friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome()15.Youmustnt_untilhecomesbac

11、k.A.beawayB.leaveC.beleftD.haveleft()meeting_foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenoverD.ended().MissGao_thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaughtD.taught()_ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became()_homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returnedD.amreturned()

12、20.Howlong_he_?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendeadD.did,died()21.He_ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept()long_you_ill?-Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,beenD.have,had()2000,he_hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfromD.Left()lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_itfo

13、r2days.A.borrowB.keepC.takeD.took()bus_ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeenD.is()you_thejacketthesedays?A.wearingB.puttingonC.dressingD.on()_for2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenupD.isup()28.Tomisillinhospital.He_acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad()hearrivedatthebu

14、sstop,thebus_for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftaway()30.He_ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept()31.Howlonghaveyou_here?A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been()32.Mygrandpadied_.Iwas2.D.myagewas6.二.句型變換：寫出以下句子的同義句。比如.Mr.LibegantoteachEnglishinthisschoolin1999.Mr.LihastaughtEnglishinth

15、isschoolsince1999.2.Thefactoryopenedtenyearsago.Thefactory_fortenyears.3.JohnleftBeijingthreeyearsago.John_Beijing_threeyears.Hiscompanyopenedin2003.Hiscompany_since2003.5.Myfatherboughtthecarhalfayearago.Myfather_thecar_halfayear.Wegottoknoweachotherforabout15years.We_eachother_about15years.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilm_fortenminutes.8.Iborrowedthisbooktwoweeksago.I_thisbookfortwoweeks.9.Myfathercamebackthedaybeforeyesterday.Myfatherhas_fortwodays.uncleboughtthenewcartwomonthsago.Myunclehas_thenewcar_twomonthsago.三.在句子中劃犯錯誤，