高三英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)總匯

1、高三英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)總匯一單元考點(diǎn)提示1. 單詞greedy, court, mercy, desire, greeting, comfort, troublesome, relation, downtown , hibernate , suit, fairly 2. 短語(yǔ)at the mercy of 在的支配下 play the role of 扮演角色do the deed 付諸行動(dòng)；生效 take pride in 以自豪；對(duì)得意according to 根據(jù) on condition that 條件是；在條件下at the time of 在時(shí)侯 lie in 在于a couple o

2、f weeks 兩個(gè)星期 large quantities of 大量；許多make use of 利用 far below 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于3. 句型She dressed herself as a lawyers clerk. I offer you six times what you have just offered. I never knew so young a body with so wise a head. You shall get justice. Its silly of sb. to do sth. He has no choice but to cry. Id come

3、to if I had time to spare. 4. 語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式。二、考點(diǎn)精析與拓展1. make a promise該動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意為“允諾”，其中的promise為名詞，與它搭配的詞組還有keep ones promise(守信)等。如：Hes always making promises and then breaking them. Promise 也可是動(dòng)詞（vt. & vi. ）意為“允諾”，“答應(yīng)”。所用動(dòng)詞句型為：promise to do sth(不定式作賓語(yǔ))promise sb. to do sth. （后接雙賓語(yǔ)）promise (sb)that clause

4、(that-clause為賓語(yǔ)從句)如：He promises me to buy a bike for my birthday gift. He promises me that he will buy a bike for my birthday gift. 2. pretend to be a lawyer該結(jié)構(gòu)中pretend 意為“裝扮”，“裝假”，后跟不定式或賓語(yǔ)從句。其中不定式（有時(shí)態(tài)變化）是試題中的重點(diǎn)考查形式。如：When mother came in, be pretended to be writing . 3. have mercy on/upon sb. 該短語(yǔ)意為“

5、寬?。ɑ蚩蓱z）某人”，類似的詞組還有show mercy to sb. 。He always has mercy on the poor. at the mercy of 任由擺布，在的掌握中。如：They were lost at sea,at the mercy of the winds and the waves. 4. go down on ones knees 雙膝跪地go down on one knee單膝跪地如：The son went down on his knees, begging his father for mercy. Some football players

6、celebrate their“goal”by going down on one knee. 5. play the role of該短語(yǔ)意為“扮演角色”（=play a part of）。如：In this film he will play the role of a policeman. 6. x times + n. 通過(guò)結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)掌握英語(yǔ)里表示倍數(shù)的表達(dá)句型。A is x times the size(height, length, width)of B. A is x times as big(high,long, wide)as B. A is x times + adj. -e

7、r than B. The size (height, length, width)of A is x times that of B. 如：The meeting-room is three times the size of our office. The size of the meeting-room is three times that of our office. 7. when you show none此句中掌握的重點(diǎn)是when的用法，現(xiàn)分述如下：when在本句中，相當(dāng)于if,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“既然”。如：How can I help them to understan

8、d when they wont listen to me?when意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，“在時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。when是并列連詞（=and then）意為“就在這/那時(shí)”，連接兩個(gè)句子。如：We are about to go to city when it is raining. 8. so young a body說(shuō)明：在一個(gè)帶有形容詞的名詞詞組中，不定冠詞a/an 通常放在adj. 的前面。但是，如果adj. 前有so, too, how, quite時(shí)，a/an應(yīng)放 adj. 的后面。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：so/too/how/quite+adj. +a/an +n. 。如：He is so

9、good a student. It is too difficult a job for me. 9. be seated意為“坐下”（=sit down）,是正式用語(yǔ)，而sit down是非正式用語(yǔ)。如：Please be seated, ladies and gentlemen. 10. takein ones arms該結(jié)構(gòu)意為“擁抱”。如：He went into classroom, taking some books in his arms. 11. be in love with sb. 該短語(yǔ)意為“愛(ài)上某人”，其中的be可用fall替換，即fall in love with

10、sb. 也意為“愛(ài)上某人”。如：Henry was/fell in love with Mary. make love to sb . 向某人示愛(ài)12. on one condition該介詞短語(yǔ)意為“規(guī)定一個(gè)條件”。如：He allowed me to do it on one condition. on condition that這是一短語(yǔ)連詞（=only if）,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Ill give you the day off on condition that you work on Saturday morning. 13. a driving permit該詞組意為“駕駛執(zhí)

11、照”，詞組里permit是名詞，意為“許可證”，“執(zhí)照”。如：You wont get into the conference hall without a permit. 14. help to do sth. 該動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)意為“有助于干某事”，且不定式符號(hào)to 可以省略，即構(gòu)成help do sth. 的表達(dá)形式。如：This book helps to understand this question. Exercises help build up. 15. far below + n. 該詞組意為“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于”，“比低得多”，其中far是副詞，用以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。如：The productio

12、n of this factory was far below the normal level last year. 16. show off該短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞意為“炫耀”，而show sb. /sth. off意為“顯示的優(yōu)點(diǎn)”。如：He is a man who is always showing off. 由show 構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：show up出現(xiàn)/出席，顯眼showover/round帶參觀showin領(lǐng)進(jìn)入；showout領(lǐng)/送出去如：Only three of the people we invited to the party didnt show up. 17. keep up

13、該短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有以下現(xiàn)象，分述如下：keep sth. up使不低落，遵守如：Even if we fail we should keep up our spirits. keep sb. up使晚睡如：Its wrong to keep the children up so late. keep up with sb. 趕上，不落后，保持聯(lián)系如：I still keep up with my college classmates far away. 我仍與遠(yuǎn)方的大學(xué)同學(xué)保持著聯(lián)系。18. have no choice but to do sth. 該結(jié)構(gòu)意為“別無(wú)選擇的干”如：You have

14、no choice but to obey me. 19. more than該詞組意為“不僅僅是”，“不只是”。如：Flag is more than a piece of cloth. It stands for a state. More than 與one 連用，構(gòu)成詞組more than one 后接單數(shù)的名詞和動(dòng)詞。如：More than one person is going to lose his job. 20. lie in短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞lie in 意為“在于”。如：The way out lies in the development of educati8on. 21. m

15、ake use of 該短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞意為“利用”，其中use 前可被good,the best, much,little no修飾。如：You must make good use of any opportunities you have of practi-sing English. 以u(píng)se為核心，組成的詞組有：in use 在使用中；out of use(目前)不使用come into use 開(kāi)始被使用；go out of use 不再使用。三、精典名題導(dǎo)解題1（上海 1999） We all know that _speak louder than words. A. movement

16、s B. performances C. operations D. actions分析：D。Actions speak louder than words. 是諺語(yǔ)，意為“行動(dòng)勝于空談”。題2（NMET 1997）I would love _to the party last night,but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone分析：B。表達(dá)未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。題3（NMET 1992）Little Jim should love _to t

17、he theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking分析：A。表示將來(lái)的意愿，little Jim是動(dòng)詞take 的承受者，故應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)式。題4（NMET 1999）Robert is said _abroad, but I dont know which country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to studyC. to be studying D. to have been studying分析：A。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意判斷，Rorbert在國(guó)外留學(xué)

18、已結(jié)束，不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)之前。題5（NMET 2001春）_late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm clock. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept分析：A。句意為“為了早上多睡會(huì)兒，Bob關(guān)了鬧鐘”。所以不能選B、D，又因?yàn)樵摼洳皇瞧硎咕?，不能用?dòng)詞原形形式，即不能選擇C。題6（上海 1999）Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?_enough protein and nutrition as you

19、are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting分析：C。因?yàn)橄戮錇楸硎灸康牡木渥樱聪喈?dāng)于in order to。題7（上海 2001春）Sandy could do nothing but _to his teacher that he was wrong. A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit分析：A。do nothing but + 不帶to的不定式。一、單元考點(diǎn)提示1.單詞 step into take ones place pick out build up

20、 divide up wealthy go through look into turn up check out to the point care for surround to ones astonishment exact recover one after another tell apart set up come to light2.句型 I / He /She /can /may It is possible that I/ He /She may not He/ She is not likely to It is likely that I am not likely to

21、 You cant / musnt Dont smoke. Look out!If you, youll Dont be late Take care!Youd better(not)do it. Be careful. No noise, please!3.語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)和歸納句子成分定語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的用法二、考點(diǎn)精析與拓展1.leave sth. to sb.（在死后）將留給某人；請(qǐng)某人負(fù)責(zé)某事 His aunt left all her property to him after her death.他姑姑死后將所有財(cái)產(chǎn)都留給他了。 Ill leave it to you to b

22、uy the tickets.我委托你負(fù)責(zé)買票。2.in ones will在某人的遺囑中 will作為名詞使用時(shí)意為“遺囑”“意志力”或“強(qiáng)烈的愿望”。 Her death is gods will, I suppose.她的逝世是上帝的旨意，我估計(jì)。His strong will enables him to refuse all the worldly pleaseres.他的強(qiáng)烈愿望使他可以拒絕世間所有的樂(lè)趣。 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。3.by ones first marriage 通過(guò)或由于某人的第一次婚姻介詞by

23、有許多含義，在此處意為“通過(guò)”，相當(dāng)于through。 He left by the first train.他乘第一次列車離開(kāi)了。 The electricity supply is operated by a switch.供電由一個(gè)開(kāi)關(guān)控制。4.check out清點(diǎn)；結(jié)賬；核實(shí)；檢查；開(kāi)票提款 Ask him to check the information out for us.請(qǐng)他為我們核實(shí)一下信息。 Wed better check the whole room out in case it has been bugged .我們最好檢查一下整個(gè)房間以免有蛀蟲(chóng)。 The trai

24、nees checked out all right.這些培訓(xùn)學(xué)員完全合格。 She checked out 6000 dollars.她提款6000美元。5.for a start/to start with首先，第一點(diǎn) You have no right to be here, to start with.首先，你無(wú)權(quán)在此。 It wont work：for a start, we dont have so much money and secondly we cannot get the permission.那不行，首先我們沒(méi)那么多錢，其次我們不能被批準(zhǔn)。6.go through 瀏覽

25、；經(jīng)歷；歷經(jīng) He went through several houses, but havent bought one yet.他看了好幾套房子，但一套還沒(méi)買。 The country has gone through too many wars.這個(gè)國(guó)家已經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 The plan must go through several stages.這個(gè)計(jì)劃必須經(jīng)歷幾個(gè)過(guò)程。拓展：go through with完成 He hasnt gone through with his composition yet.他還沒(méi)寫(xiě)完作文。7.be present at 出席 How many peo

26、ple were present at the meeting?多少人出席了會(huì)議？拓展：present(1)n.禮物 What present do you want for Christmas this year?今年圣誕節(jié)你想要什么禮物？ (2)v.贈(zèng)予 Now that the sports meet is over, our principal will present the prize.既然運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)已結(jié)束，我們校長(zhǎng)將頒獎(jiǎng)。 (3)adj.現(xiàn)在的，目前的 Im not going to buy a car at the present high prices.以目前的高價(jià)，我不打算買小

27、汽車了。 (4)presently(adv.) = soon She will be here presently.她不久就會(huì)來(lái)。 (5)常用短語(yǔ)： at the present time = at present目前，現(xiàn)在 for the present暫時(shí)8.pass(to)將遞給，傳達(dá)Please pass me the bread and butter.請(qǐng)遞給我面包奶油。Pass the word to him that Napoleon will come himself.把拿破侖要親自來(lái)的消息告訴他。拓展：（1）vi.走過(guò)，通過(guò)Because of the large crowd

28、in the street the truck was unable to pass.因?yàn)榇蠼稚先撕芏?，卡車無(wú)法通過(guò)。(2)n.通行證Nobody can go into the hall without a pass.沒(méi)有通行證，任何人不準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入大廳。9.pick out認(rèn)出；顯眼；挑選 Can you pick out your brother in the crowd?你能在人群中認(rèn)出你弟弟嗎?he houses in the painting picked out in white.畫(huà)上的房子以白色而顯得醒目。 Its so beautiful！How did you pick it o

29、ut?這么漂亮！你是怎么挑出來(lái)的？10.troop n./v.（1）n. 一群，大量，許我troops軍隊(duì)，部隊(duì) A troop of school children went into the museum.一大群學(xué)生走進(jìn)了博物館。 The local people demand the withdrawal（撤退）of foreign troops.當(dāng)?shù)氐娜藗円蟪吠送鈬?guó)軍隊(duì)。 (2)vi.集合，群集；成群涌向，結(jié)隊(duì)而行 The students trooped up on the sports ground.學(xué)生們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上集合。 We all trooped into/out of th

30、e hall.我們成群地進(jìn)入/走出禮堂。11.fly (1)vt.飛躍 +地點(diǎn)或距離作賓語(yǔ)：駕駛（飛機(jī)）；（用飛機(jī)）運(yùn)送；放（風(fēng)箏） fly the Atlantic / the English Channe/ a distance of 2000 km飛躍大西洋/英吉利海峽/2000公里的距離 Supplies of food have been flown to the refugees.補(bǔ)給的糧食空運(yùn)給那些難民。 The children are flying their kites.孩子們?cè)诜棚L(fēng)箏。 (2)vi.飛，飛行，飛跑 Time flies like an arrow.光陰似箭

31、。 The little girl flew to her grandmother.這女孩向她奶奶飛跑過(guò)去。 (3)n.蒼蠅 butter（奶油）+fly（蒼蠅）=butterfly（蝴蝶） dragon（龍）+fly（蒼蠅）=dragonfly（蜻蜓） fire（火）+fly（蒼蠅）= firefly（螢火蟲(chóng)）（=lighting-bug,美語(yǔ)）municate v.（1）vt.傳達(dá)，傳送，傳染 communicate information/feelings/newsto sb.把信息、感情、消息傳遞/傳達(dá)給某人 Ill communicate the news to you direct

32、ly.我會(huì)直接把消息傳達(dá)給你。 (2)vi.通訊，通話 communicate with sb.(by)用與某人聯(lián)絡(luò)/溝通 We communicate with each other by telephone/letter.我們用電話/信件彼此溝通。拓展：communication n.u通訊c消息pl.通訊系統(tǒng) Radio and television are important means of communication.收音機(jī)和電視機(jī)是信息交流的重要工具。 Communications satellite helps the human a lot in many ways .通訊衛(wèi)

33、星在很多方面對(duì)人類有很大的幫助。13.beeline n.兩地之間的直線；捷徑（指蜜蜂采蜜后徑直飛向蜂房，這條路叫beeline）（1）make a beeline for sb./sp.走近路；走直路；向直行 As soon as the meeting was over, he made a beeline for the pub.會(huì)議一結(jié)束，他就直接上了酒吧。 If you want to catch up with them, youd better make a beeline for them.如果你想趕上他們，你最好抄近路去。（2）in a beeline 成直線地，筆直地 Th

34、e pupils went to the museum in a beeline.孩子們直接走向博物館。e to light 發(fā)現(xiàn)，暴露（= be discovered / exposed /found out / be brought to light） Much more new evidence has come to light(has been discovered/has been exposed/has been brought to light),so the judges have to sentence the man to death.新的證據(jù)不斷被發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以法官們不得不

35、判這個(gè)人死刑。 When the old woman died, it came to light that she was actually very rich.老太婆死后，人們才發(fā)現(xiàn)她其實(shí)很富有。15.be different from與不同 Your idea is different from mine.你的想法和我的不同。對(duì)比：make sb./ sth. different from使某人/某物不同于 Her special accent makes her different from others.她特殊的口音使她與眾不同。16.one after another一個(gè)一個(gè)地，表

36、示數(shù)量多并連續(xù)出現(xiàn) School was over and students went out of the school gate one after another.放學(xué)了，學(xué)生們一個(gè)接一個(gè)地走出校門。對(duì)比：one by one表示按順序逐個(gè)進(jìn)行或出現(xiàn) Dont hurry! You should enter the office one by one.不要著急，你們應(yīng)該一個(gè)個(gè)地走進(jìn)辦公室。拓展：by and by一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地，逐漸地 little by little一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地 step by step 一步一步地，循序漸進(jìn)地17.amaze vt.使驚奇 = astonish, surpr

37、ise The news amazed us greatly.這條消息使我們感到很驚奇。拓展：（1）amazed人對(duì)感到吃驚的；amazing（某物）信人吃驚的。 They were all amazed at the amazing news.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)令人吃驚的消息他們感到驚訝。 (2)amazement n. to ones amazement令人吃驚的是 To my amazement, they have gone to Xishuangbanna.讓我奇怪的是，他們?nèi)ノ麟p版納了。類似短語(yǔ)：to ones happiness/excitement/sadness/puzzlement使

38、某人高興的/興奮的/傷心的/迷惑的是18.the more,the more 越就越 The harder you study, the more progress youll make.越努力學(xué)習(xí)，你的進(jìn)步就越大。對(duì)比：more and more 越來(lái)越 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的校園變得越來(lái)越美麗了。19.again and again = time and time again = over and over = over and over again再三地 The old man thinks of his ha

39、ppy past again and again.這位老人再三地想起他幸福的過(guò)去。三、精典名題導(dǎo)解題1 （NMET 2001） As we joined the big crowd. I got from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed分析：A。get separated from sb.和某人分開(kāi)。題2（NMET 2002 北京）How are the team playing?Theyre playing well, but one of them hurt.A. got B. gets C. are D. were

40、分析：A。got hurt意為“受傷”。get后接過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，受傷的事發(fā)生在過(guò)去，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。題3 （2002 上海春季） It long before we the result of the experiment. A. will not be; will know B. will not be; knewC. will not be; know D. is; know分析：C。It will not be long是主句，意為不久；在before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。題4 （NMET 2001北京）at the door before entering,

41、 please. A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock分析：D。這是一個(gè)祈使句，要用動(dòng)詞原形。題5 （2003，北京春） Were living in an age many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when分析：D。此題考查定語(yǔ)從句要填入的引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用when.題6 （2002 上海，35） There is a feeling in me well never know what a UFO-not ever. A. that

42、B. which C. of which D. what分析：A。根據(jù)句意“我有一種感覺(jué)我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道UFO是什么，而不是曾經(jīng)（不知道）?！眛hat引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句解釋feeling的內(nèi)容。題7 （2003 上海） It is believed that if a book is , it will surely the reader. A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interestedC. interested; interesting D. interesting; interest分析：D。interesting有趣的；inter

43、est vt.使感到有趣。題8 （2003 上海春） It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off. A. so B. so that C. why D. that分析：D。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，對(duì)because of bad weather進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)是It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that(who)題9 （2001 上海春） It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in small vil

44、lage. A. which B. why C. that D. how分析：C。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句for this reason進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，其明顯標(biāo)志是介詞for.一單元考點(diǎn)提示1語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)(1) Nice to meet you.(2) I must be off / go / be leaving now.(3) Give my best wishes / regards / love to(4) Follow instructions.(5) What about？(6) Make sure that(7) Do what he or she tells you to do 2交際用語(yǔ)（1）g

45、o on doing; (2)as a result ; (3) in ones opinion; (4) general idea; (5) to take care of ; (6) to find out ; (7) at the beginning ; (8) to introduce to; (9) on the farm; (10) to give ones best wishes / redgards / love to sb. ; (11) Nice meeting you .; (12) I must be off / leaving now .; (13) So + be

46、/ have /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ); (14) frist of all ; (15) turn off ; (16) by the side of ; (17) instdead of ; (18) on holiday ; (19) to allow sb to do sth .; (20) bring out ; (21) hold up ; (22) make a face ; (23) have a way of doing sth .; (24) return to ; (25) at the back of .考點(diǎn)精析與拓展重點(diǎn)單詞及用法1. introduce . 介紹，引

47、進(jìn)introduction n .1) introduce sb .to sb . 把某人介紹給某人introduce oneself 自我介紹注意 : 其后不能跟雙賓語(yǔ)，類似的詞還有explain, suggest2) introduce a new idea 引入一種新思想2. practice 實(shí)踐；學(xué)習(xí) Practice makes perfect . 熟能生巧。1) 短語(yǔ)：in practice 在實(shí)踐中；實(shí)際上put sth . into practice 實(shí)施2）比較：practice 和 exercise 當(dāng)“練習(xí)”解時(shí)的不同, practice 指有規(guī)律的練習(xí)，特指反復(fù)練習(xí),

48、 exercise 一般用語(yǔ)，可指訓(xùn)練，鍛煉，操練等。如：spelling exerceise 拼寫(xiě)練習(xí)do ones exercises 做練習(xí)（功課）等3) 動(dòng)詞形式為practise ,美語(yǔ)亦可用practice。注意：其后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)只用ing 形式，如：practice speaking English.練習(xí)講英語(yǔ)4)形容詞式為practical比較：practical, real , truepractical 指“實(shí)踐的”，“實(shí)際的”，“講求實(shí)際的”，如：practical activities 實(shí)踐活動(dòng)practical work 實(shí)際工作She is a practical wo

49、man.她是位講求實(shí)際的婦女。Real“真實(shí)的”，“實(shí)在的”，表示實(shí)際存在的意義，如：real silk 真絲his real name 他的真名true “真的”，指某種事實(shí)，故事，消息，信息，朋友等是真的，如：a true story 一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事3.once; 1)意為“曾經(jīng)”時(shí)，側(cè)重“有一次”的意思，是副詞在句中做狀語(yǔ)，如：Once he owned a large house . 他曾經(jīng)擁有一所大房子。注意：與ever的區(qū)別ever常用于疑問(wèn)句，有時(shí)可用于過(guò)去分詞前，多在完成時(shí)態(tài)中。在句中可譯為“曾經(jīng)”，有時(shí)不需翻譯。如：Have you ever been there ?你去過(guò)那

50、兒?jiǎn)?？The largest tree ,ever found there ,is one about 500 years old .那兒發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大的樹(shù)有大約500年樹(shù)齡了。2)意為“一旦”時(shí)，用作連詞引起從句。如：Once you go there ,buy a book for me .4unless注意：與if 的異同1)通常unless 等于if not 如：I wont go unless he comes .= I wont go if the doesnt come .2)在下面的句子中不可做此替換。如：Ill be surprised if he doesnt have an

51、accident .他要是不出事故，我倒會(huì)感到奇怪了。unless 不能用于“由于未發(fā)生B而產(chǎn)生A”的句子，再如：Ill be quite glad if she doesnt come this evening.要是他今晚不來(lái)，我才高興呢。5mix .混合mixture n. 混合物Water and oil will not mix .油和水不相溶合。Mix black with white 混淆黑白。注意：下面句子中mix 的形式。A rain is falling ,mixed with snow .雨夾著雪在下著。6rather1)注意下列詞的程度a bit/ a littlesli

52、ghtlyrathermuchcompletelyquite2)rather 修飾形容詞加名詞時(shí)，若有冠詞a 或an , 則rather 在冠詞前、后皆可。如：It was rather a cold day . = It was a rather cold day.3）rather和fairlyrather表示不接受性，為否定意義；fairly 表示接受性，為肯定意義。如：Its rather cold today .（不愉快）Its fairly warm today .（心中舒服）4) rather +比較級(jí)；rather/ much/ far+too+adj./adv, 而fairly

53、,quite ,very 則不能。如：I did rathre better in the exam.Thats rather too difficult.5) rather than 而不是如：He , rather than you, is to be punished . 是他而不是你要受懲罰。I decided to write rather than (to)telephone.我決定寫(xiě)信而不是打電話。還可用于下面兩種結(jié)構(gòu)。 would do sth . rather than do sth .= would rather do sth. than do sth .寧愿做某事而不愿做

54、某事。 prefer to do sth . rather than do sth .（意義同上）7.allow與permit 1)用法相同allow / permit sb .to do sth .允許某人做某事allow / permit doing sth . 允許做某事。此時(shí)動(dòng)詞只用ing 形式。反義詞forbid 具有同樣用法。2)意義有異同許多情況下可換用，只是詞意的強(qiáng)弱上有差異。allow語(yǔ)意較弱，含有“聽(tīng)任”，“默許”，“不加阻止”的意思；permit 語(yǔ)意較強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)“正式認(rèn)可”，“批準(zhǔn)”的意思。如：The nurse allowed him to remain there ,

55、though it was not permitted.護(hù)士讓他留在那里，雖然這時(shí)（規(guī)定）不允許的。8. lively 意為“活潑的”，“有生氣的”如：a lively mind 活躍的頭腦a lively discussion 熱烈的討論1)lovely意“可愛(ài)的”，“美好的”如：a lovely day 美好的一天 lovely girl 可愛(ài)的女孩2)alive 意為“活著的”，是表語(yǔ)形容詞，在句中做表語(yǔ)或后置定詞。如：After the war , he remained alive .戰(zhàn)后他還活著。Those alive will gather here. 活著的人將在此相聚。3)l

56、iving 意為“活著的”，主要用于作前置定語(yǔ)及冠詞the 之后表示一類人，也可用作表語(yǔ)。如：all living things所有生物the living 在世者，活著的人們Latin is not a living language. 拉丁語(yǔ)不是現(xiàn)代使用的語(yǔ)言。He is still living at the age of 95.95歲了他還活著。4)live 意為“活的”，“有生命的”，主要用來(lái)說(shuō)鳥(niǎo)或其它動(dòng)物。如:a live fish 一條活魚(yú)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)及用法1. go on doing , go on to do , go on with 1) go on doing sth .指繼

57、續(xù)做同一件事。如：After a short rest , they went on working . 短暫休息之后，他們繼續(xù)工作。go on with sth . 指繼續(xù)同一件事，此時(shí) with 后能接名詞，代詞，不能跟ing 形式。如:After a short rest ,they went on with the work . 短暫休息之年，他們繼續(xù)那項(xiàng)工作。go on to do sth . 指接著做另外一件事。如：After finishing the words , they went on to go over the text.結(jié)束單詞后，他們接著通課文。2) 類似意義的說(shuō)

58、法。continue doing/ to do = go on doing;go ahead with = go on with ,隱含有付出努力之意keep on doing = go on doing 指不顧困難，反對(duì)或警告而堅(jiān)持做某事。如：He kept on smoking after the doctor told him to stop .醫(yī)生告訴他停止后，他還是繼續(xù)抽煙。2. as a result 作為結(jié)果He runs every day .As a result , he has lost weight .他每天跑步，結(jié)果他減肥了。as a result of 作為的結(jié)果A

59、s a result of exercise , he has built up his health.result in = lead to 導(dǎo)致，造成結(jié)果，如：Hard work results in success. 勤奮才會(huì)成功。result from 由產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，如：Success results from hard work. 成功來(lái)自勤奮。3. in ones opinion 在某人看來(lái)，依照某人的看法，也可以說(shuō)：in ones personal opinion例：have a good /high opinion of sb . = think / speak well/hi

60、ghly of sb.對(duì)某人評(píng)價(jià)高，看法不好。4. first of all 指按時(shí)間，順序等處于第一位的，如：例：First of all let me say how glad Im to be here.首先我要說(shuō)我來(lái)到這兒是多么高興。Im interested in coins ,but first of all Im a stamp collector.我對(duì)硬幣感興趣，但我首先是個(gè)集郵的。比較：first與at firstfirst 譯為“首先/，是從動(dòng)作的先后角度來(lái)考慮的?！比纾築efore we go , I must first change my clothes .走之前我得