全國(guó)碩士專題研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題及答案解析

1、全國(guó)研究生研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)(一)試題Section 1 Use of EnglishDirectious:Read the following Text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a souse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his frie

2、nds, 1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker.A young man 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young mans parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her pare

3、nts have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a

4、 short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the w

5、ifes parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can bulid a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorces persons are 15 with some disapproval. Easch spouse retains 16 property he or she Divorced persons may.1. Aby way of Bwith regard to Con behalf of Das well a

6、s2. Adecide on Bprovide for Ccompete with Dadapt to3. Aclose B arrange Crenew Dpostpone4. AIn theory B Above all CIn time DFor example5. AUnless B Lest CAfter DAlthough6. Ainto B within Cfrom Dthrough7. Aor Bsince Cbut Dso8. A test Bcopy Crecite Dcreate9. Afolding Bpiling Cwrapping Dtying10. Apassin

7、g Blighting Chiding Dserving11. Aassociation Bmeeting Ccollection Dunion12. Adeal Bpart Cgrow Dlive13. Awhereas Buntil Cfor Dif14. Aavoid Bfollow Cchallenge Dobtain15. Aisolated Bpersuaded Cviewed Dexposed16. Awherever Bwhatever Cwhenever Dhowever17. Achanged Bbrought Cshaped Dpushed18. Ainvested Bd

8、ivided Cdonated Dwithdrawn19. Awarms Bclears Cshows Dbreaks20. Awhile Bso that Conce Din thatText1France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion , has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval l

9、ast week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways . The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end

10、 up impinging on health. Thats a start And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women , especially teenage girls, about the social

11、tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans ,if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect r

12、ather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a govemment-defined index of body ma

13、ss could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images

14、 that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to Frances actions, Denmarks fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We aware of and take re

15、sponsibility for the impact the ideals, especially on young people”. The charters main tool of enforcement is (CFW), which is run by the Danish21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.【B】New runways would be constructed.【C】Wcbsites about

16、dieting would thrive.【D】The fanshing industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to【A】heightening the value of.【B】indicating the state of.【C】losing faith in.【D】doing harm to.23. Which of the following is true od the fashion industry?【A】The French measure

17、s have already failed.【B】New standrds are being set in Denmark.【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.【D】Its inberent problerma are getting wotse.Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country, In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons

18、 rate”the countryside”alongside the royal family,Shakespeare and the National Health Serivce (NHS) at what makes them proudest of their country，this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the national trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural pl

19、aces for everyone forever” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with space for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air .”Hill is pressure later led to creation of national parks and green belts. They dont make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . it

20、 needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The conservatives planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation，even authorsing “off-plan”building where local people might object. The concept of sustaina

21、ble development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The liberal democrats are silent. Only ukip, sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.its Campaign to prot

22、ect rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents stirling ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in

23、 the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt.what is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that”housing crisis ”equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but,as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，George Osboyne fav

24、ours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town,shopping sites against high streets . this is not a free market but a biased one. Rural town and villages have grown and will26 Britain is public sentiment about the countrysideA has brought much benefit to the NHSB di

25、dnt start till the Shakespearean ageC is fully backed by the royal familyD is not well reflected in politics27 According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now beingA gradually destroyedB effectively reinforcedC properly protectedD largely overshadowed28 which of the following

26、 can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservationB the conservatives may abandon ”off -plan“buildingC the liberal democrats are losing political influenceD labour is under attack for opposing development29 the author holds that George Osborne is preferenceA re

27、veals a strong prejudice against urban areasB shows his disregard for character of rural areasC stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisisD highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure30 in the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation ofA the size of population in BritainB the e

28、nviable urban lifestyle in BritainC the town-and-country planning in BritainD the political life in today is BritainText 4There will eventurally come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint .Exactlly when that day will be is a matter of debate.”Sometime in the future ”,t

29、he papers publisher said back in .Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, theres plenty of incentive toditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaperprinting presses ,delivery trucks-isnt just expensive ;its excessive at a time when online-only competitors do

30、nt have the same set of financial constraints.Readers are migrating away from print away .And though print ad sales still dwarf thire online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.Over way be high and circulation lower ,but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mis

31、take ,say BuzzFeed CEO Joah Peretti.Pereti says the Time shouldt waste time getting out of the print business,But only if they go about it the right way .”Fighting out of a way to accelerate that transition would make sense of them,”he said,“but if you discontinue it“youre going to have your most lo

32、yal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes,thats worth making a change anyway.Peretti gives the example seen as a blunder,”he said.“The move turned out to be foresighted.Ane if peretti would rale prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the produ

33、ct they favor,the idea goes,and theyd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in ,”So if youre overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping,”Perettisaid “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In

34、other words,if youre going to make a print product ,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it .which way be what the time is doing already .Getting the print edition seven days a week costs each a year-more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.36.The New York Times is cons

35、idering ending its print edition partly due toAthe pressure from its investors.Bthe complaints from its readers.Cthe high cost of operation.Dthe increating online ad sales.37.Peretti suggests that,in face of the present situation,the Times shouldAmake strategic adjustmentsBend the print sdition for

36、good.Cseek new sources of readership.Daim for efficient management.38.It can be inferred form Paragraphs 5and6 that a “l(fā)egacy product”Awill have the cost of printing reduced.Bis meant for the most loyal customers.Chelps restore the glory of former times.Dexpands the popularity of the paper.39.Perett

37、i believes that,in a changing world,Atraditional luxuries can stay unaffected.Baggressiveness better meets challenges.Ccautiousness facilitates problem-solving.Dlegacy businesses are becoming outdated.40.which of the following would be the best title of the Text?AMake Your Print Newspaper a Luxury G

38、ood.BKeep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.CCherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.DShift Online Newspapers All at Once.Part BDirections:Read the following Text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There ar

39、e two extra subheadings.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 Points)No matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University，people assess your competence，trustw

40、orthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a second，solely based on the way you look.The difference between todays workplace and the“dress for succeas” era is that the range of options is so much broader.Norms have evolved and fragmentedIn some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey s

41、tatus; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials,it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of

42、style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And whats the best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? Here are some tips;41about how others perceive you.Maybe theres no need for an upgrade and thats OK.42.Get clear on

43、 what impact youre hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from fina

44、nce to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.”(Its OK to use characterizations like that.)43. Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What converys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up

45、 to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural conText, the more control you can have over your impact.44. Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and conText. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair styli

46、st instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. Its not as expensive as you might think.Part CDirections:Read the following Text carefully and then translate the undetlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER S

47、HEET. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright.(46) We dont have to learn how to be mentally heally; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health cant be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system or the body, which und

48、er stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we dont understand the value of mental health and we dont know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us.(47) Our mental health doesnt really go anywhere ;like the sun behind

49、a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem-confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in out common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives the ability to not take ours

50、elves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will woke out. Its a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles. With kindness if they ate in pain .and with unconditional lo

51、ve no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful. Managing our home life , or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience forAbout how others p

52、erceive you.Maybe theres no need for an upgrade and thats OK.Section III WritingPart A51 .Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university .Write a notice of about 100 words，providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neat

53、ly on the ANSWER SHEET.DO not sigh your own name at the end of the notice. Use “Li Ming” instead.DO not write the address. (10 points)Part B52 .Directions:Write an essay of 160200 words based on the following picture in your essay, you should1. describe the pictures briefly,2. interpret its intended

54、 meaning, and3. give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)全國(guó)研究生研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)(一)試題答案解析I cloze1. As well as2. Decide on3. Arrange4. Above all5. After6. Into7. But8. Recite9. Tying10. Lighting11. Union12. Live13. Until14. Obtain15. Persuaded16. Whatever17. Brought18. Divi

55、ded19. Shows20. WhileII Reading comprehensionPart AText121. Physical beauty would be redefined.22. Doing harm to.23. New standards are being set in Denmark.24. Showing little concern for health factors.25. A Challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body Ideals.Text 226.is not well reflected in politics27.

56、 gradually destroyed28. The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. highlight his firm stand against lobby pressure30. the town-and-country planning in BritainText 331. uncertainty32. winning33. less severe34. has an impact on their decision35. the necessaryText 436. the high cost of ope

57、ration37. make strategic adjustments38. is meant for the most loyal customers39. Aggressiveness better meets challenges40. Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your HandPart B41. Decide if the time is right42. Know your goals43. Understand the context44. Work with professionals45. Make it efficientPart C4

58、6. 我們不必學(xué)習(xí)如何保持健康旳心理;它與生俱來(lái)，正如我們旳身體懂得如何讓傷口痊愈，如何讓骨折好轉(zhuǎn)。47. 健康旳心理其實(shí)始終都在我們身邊;正如烏云背后旳太陽(yáng)，人們有時(shí)會(huì)看不見(jiàn)它，但是它完全有能力立即回來(lái)。48. 健康旳心理讓我們?cè)趧e人陷入麻煩之時(shí)，同情她人;在別人痛苦之時(shí)，友善待人;無(wú)論是誰(shuí)，都能予以無(wú)條件旳愛(ài)。49. 在我們旳生活中，盡管健康旳心理可以包治百病，但是它也極其一般，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，它始終都在，指引你度過(guò)艱難，做出選擇。50. 你會(huì)逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)，健康旳心理無(wú)處不在，我們可以信任它，這會(huì)讓我們恰到好處地放慢生活旳節(jié)奏，過(guò)上幸福旳生活。III WritingPart ANoticeThis

59、notice is to introduce briefly the library on our campus to those international students who are newly enrolled. The following points is supposed to arouse the attention of new overseas students. At the top of the list, the library opens at 7:00 oclock in the morning and closes at 22:30 everyday, so

60、 it is wise for anyone who wants to read books in the library and borrow books to remember the above mentioned time. More importantly, each foreign student need apply for an entrance card to the library in the International Students Office in our university. Last but not least, I, on behalf of our l