語法知識(shí)主謂一致的解析

1、文檔編碼 : CI7X5V3Y2B3 HE3D3S2R9U7 ZK2M4N9O4D7語法學(xué)問主謂一樣的解析主謂一樣I. 要點(diǎn)謂語受主語支配,須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一樣,這叫做主謂 一樣,主謂一樣包括語法一樣、意義上一樣和就近一樣；1、語法上一樣1 、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞,動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語或從句 作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù),主語為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),謂語用復(fù)數(shù),如,Toworkhardisnecessaryforastudent.2 、用 and 或 both and 連接的并列主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),如,BothheandIareright.但并列主語假如指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,謂語動(dòng)詞

2、用單數(shù),如 ,Histeacherandfriendisabeautifulgirl.3 、主語是單數(shù)時(shí),盡管后面跟有 aswellas,but,except,besides,with,alongwith,togetherwith,lik e 等,謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù),如,Theteacheraswellashisstudentsisexcited.4 、某些不定代詞,如做主語,謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù),如:Everyonehasabook.5 、一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞,如people,cattle,clothes等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù),如,Alotofpeoplearedancingoutside

3、.2、意義上一樣1 、表時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng) 詞通常用單數(shù),如,Twentyyearsisnotalongtime.2 、表示總稱意義的名詞public,police,cattle,clothes等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),如,Peoplearetalkingabouttheaccident.3 、有些集合名詞,如family,team等作主語,如作為一個(gè)整體看待,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),如指其中每個(gè)成員,就用復(fù)數(shù),如,Myfamilyisabigone.MyfamilyarewatchingTV. 3、鄰近一樣 用連詞or,either or,neither nor,wh

4、ether or,notonly butalso, 等連接的并列主語,假如一個(gè)是單數(shù),一個(gè)是復(fù)數(shù),就謂語動(dòng)詞 按就近一樣原就,與最靠近它的主語一樣,如,EitheryouorIammad.II. 例題 例 1、Thechemicalworks_wheremyfatherhasworkedforthirtyyears in1949.A.wasbuiltB.werebuiltC.isbuiltD.arebuilt解析：該題答案為A；works 形式上是復(fù)數(shù),意思上是單數(shù),因此謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),類似的仍有 news,maths,politics,physics.例 2、Theyeach_acopyofthenewphysics.A.haveB.hasC.havingD.gets解析：該題答案為A；Theyeach 不等于 eachof ,eachof這個(gè)詞,組作主語謂語用單數(shù)如ea