中考英語完型填空長難句解題

1、中考英語完型填空長難句解題單詞阻擋型單詞阻擋型是大多數(shù)同學(xué)基本上都會(huì)出現(xiàn)的問題，由于詞匯量不夠，以致一個(gè)句子中過半單詞都不認(rèn)識，如何能夠讀懂句子？同時(shí)，除去一些難詞我們可能不認(rèn)識之外，還有可能存在這樣一種情況，即一詞多義不清楚。比方，我們來看一句話：Canyoucanacanlikeacanercancanacan?這句話冷眼一看，soeasy?。〔痪褪莄an么？但是若是叫你來翻譯一下，你看一看能不能夠翻譯出來呢？可否是在皺著眉頭呢？同學(xué)們，這就是一詞多義最常有的表現(xiàn)，can這個(gè)單詞，除了我們熟悉的作為神情動(dòng)詞表示“能，可能”之外，還有很多種意思。我們在這里積累一下：can能夠作為名詞，表示“

2、易拉罐，罐，聽”的意思；can能夠作為動(dòng)詞，同學(xué)們知道“名詞活用為動(dòng)詞”這樣的用法，因此我們能夠輕松推斷，can動(dòng)詞表示“裝罐”的意思；那么caner你可否是猜出來什么意思了呢？-er表示“的人”，即“裝罐工人”之意?，F(xiàn)在單詞問題解決了，我們來看一看這句話怎么理解呢？“你能像一個(gè)裝罐工人相同裝一個(gè)易拉罐嗎？”你翻譯對了沒？單詞積累，特別對于一詞多義的單詞一定要重點(diǎn)記憶。每天身邊帶一個(gè)小本子，積累下你不會(huì)的單詞，堅(jiān)持下來，就會(huì)成就你自己的詞匯城堡。語法阻擋型在長難句解讀的過程中，你也會(huì)遇到這樣一種情況：一句話全部的單詞我都認(rèn)識，但就是翻譯不出抵達(dá)底是啥意思。這樣的現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因是語法阻擋。語法不

3、是語言學(xué)習(xí)的全部，但倒是語言學(xué)習(xí)的工具。單詞全會(huì)，句子依舊不會(huì)，原因就是句中包括了復(fù)雜的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，比方說三大從句“賓語從句”“定語從句”“狀語從句”會(huì)貫穿在長難句中，無法分清什么句子種類，便不知道冒出來的一句一句話都是干什么的，那么理解這句話就會(huì)出現(xiàn)困難，因此，語法必然要學(xué)好，特別是三大從句，是我們做閱讀完形理解文章的重要工具。比方，在這里我們一起來看一個(gè)句子：Ifindmythoughtsonhowmuchyouhavedoneforme，butIhaveneverstoppedandsaidtoyouhowmuchIfeeltheneedtothankyou.我相信大多數(shù)同學(xué)對于這句話中的

4、單詞都沒有問題，任意就揪出一個(gè)必然知道什么意思，但是在經(jīng)過加工進(jìn)入不相同從句中時(shí)，即刻腦子就蒙了。那么我們應(yīng)該如何解決這樣的問題呢？讓我們一步一步走。拿到一個(gè)長難句，看到復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，我們要：找連詞，分句子，賓從順著翻，定從找先行，狀從最后看。我們一起來解析這句話：but告訴我們，前后兩句話是并列句，因此我們分開兩句話來看。but前半句中，howmuchyouhavedoneforme是在介詞on后的，我們都知道介詞后邊的句子是賓語從句，知道這點(diǎn)就好辦了，直接按序次翻譯，所從前半句我們翻譯為：我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的向來在想的是你為我做了多少事情；but后半句中你又會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這句話里還有個(gè)and，依舊找連詞，

5、分句子，and前是一個(gè)簡單句直接翻譯即可，and后邊包括一個(gè)什么從句呢？howmuchIfeeltheneedtothankyou.“我有多需要去感謝你”可否是作為said的內(nèi)容？那么我們能夠判斷這句話是賓語從句，因此順翻but后半句：但是我向來都沒有停下來往告訴你我有多么的感謝你?？煞袷呛芎唵文兀坑⒄Z語言習(xí)慣不熟悉型任何一門語言代表的其實(shí)都是一種文化，由于文化的不相同，我們很多語言習(xí)慣也是不相同的。比方whatsgoingonthere?很多孩子第一次見到這種句子不知道是什么意思，goon是連續(xù)的意思？這連續(xù)什么了？你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)無論怎么講解都是不通的，為什么呢？這就是我們所說的習(xí)慣用法。What

6、isgoingon表達(dá)的就是“發(fā)生了什么事情”這樣的意思，很簡單，但若是你不知道，必然會(huì)被難住。為了培語言習(xí)慣，我建議大家平時(shí)有時(shí)間多看一些美劇，歐美電影，跟重要的，保證每周最少翻譯一篇文章，在翻譯的過程中會(huì)增強(qiáng)詞匯在語境中的意義，鍛煉句子結(jié)構(gòu)解析，更能夠讓大家習(xí)慣英文表達(dá)，使得今后在閱讀過程中速度提升的同時(shí)，更能精準(zhǔn)的理解意思。長難句解析方法對句子的理解一般包括兩個(gè)層次，第一個(gè)層次是對句子自己含義的理解，這需要讀者對句子的結(jié)構(gòu)以及高考命題人組織長難句的方法有基本的掌握和正確的認(rèn)識；第二個(gè)層次是對句子意在言外的感悟，理解句子對下文內(nèi)容和文章結(jié)構(gòu)的指示作用。這兩個(gè)層次能夠經(jīng)過語法解析和語義提獲取

7、以實(shí)現(xiàn)。長難句的語法解析解析長難句的核心思想就是“提取骨干”。再復(fù)雜的句子也是由一個(gè)個(gè)部分組成的，其中重要的是句子的骨干，一般包括主語、謂語和賓語，由于它們是文章在傳達(dá)信息時(shí)的主要載體，而其他成分，無論有多長多復(fù)雜，都但是是起輔助作用的成分罷了。語法解析能夠依照以下步驟來操作：1、第一把長難句分解成若干個(gè)簡單句。2、找出連詞和重點(diǎn)詞，確定句與句之間的關(guān)系，分清主句和從句。3、解析主句與從句的成分，鑒別謂語動(dòng)詞，判斷謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和語氣，接著看該句可否有倒裝、省略、插入成分、獨(dú)立成分、同位成分等。4、解析主句與從句、從句與從句之間的關(guān)系。同時(shí)，考慮上下文、文化背景，從整體上掌握句子的字面含義

8、以及字里行間的深層意思。長難句的語義提取一般來說，除了語言學(xué)家，人們對自己母語的語法知識能夠說是知之甚少。但是當(dāng)我們閱讀本族語的時(shí)候，也能夠很輕易的看懂一些從語法角度來說很復(fù)雜的句子，這顯然不是語法解析的結(jié)果。這是由于人們對自己的母語有著豐富的語言經(jīng)驗(yàn)，接觸過不計(jì)其數(shù)的語言資料，對其中信息的提取已經(jīng)習(xí)慣成自然。同理，我們也能夠經(jīng)過豐富自己的英語語言經(jīng)驗(yàn)來提升自己閱讀英語長難句的能力。有意識地、有針對性地進(jìn)行長難句訓(xùn)練，屢次進(jìn)行忽略語法的快速閱讀，便能夠達(dá)到在閱讀時(shí)對原句各成分自動(dòng)拆分組合，把瑣碎的信息點(diǎn)拼成有機(jī)的信息流的水平。實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練方法1)從真題中采用有代表性的長難句，每篇文章找出23個(gè)。2

9、)將這些長難句收集到一起，打印也許抄下下來。3)屢次閱讀，最好能夠達(dá)到熟能成誦的境地，注意在此過程中不進(jìn)行任何語法分析。在腦筋中把英語句子中各成分拆分，爾后把這些看法組合成能夠理解的漢語句子便能夠了。4)將真題中的長難句都這樣練習(xí)一番，長難句就基本攻破了，此后，我們將會(huì)進(jìn)入到一個(gè)閱讀的新境地！課后練習(xí)AsIwalkedthroughBeijingsHouhaineighborhood,somethinggreencaughtmyeye.Sprouts(豆芽),mushrooms(蘑菇)andflowersallcameoutonpeoplesheads,.Iwassosurprisedatth

10、ecrazinessthatalotofpeoplehaveplantscomeoutontheirheads.Thetrend(潮流)wasagreatchanceforbusiness.Merchants(小販)stoodonstreetcomerssellingallkindsofplastic(塑料的)mushroomsandsprouts.Threeyuanforonesprout,fiveforapair.Customersputwhattheyboughtontotheirheadsandwalkedoff,andthesproutsdancedhappilyonpeoplesh

11、ead.ChinaDailyalsoreportedthatoneTaobaomerchantsold28,850hairpins(發(fā)夾)inamonth.Thestrangetrendhadbeenpopularfor2monthsinChina.Iwantedtofindoutwhatwasbehindthestrangehairpins.Iwenttothe798ArtDistricttodosomeresearch,Thereweretonsoftouristswithsproutsonheads,andashopkeepertoldmethatthefilmMonsterHuntwa

12、sthecauseofthepopularity.The2015Chinesemoviefeaturedacutelittlemonsterwithapatchofmoss(苔蘚)onthetopofhishead.CNNreportedinadifferentway:TheideaofthehairpinscamefromaJapanesecartooncharacter.Onesmilingfacehasapairofgreenleavesgrowingonitshead.Thetrendwascatchinggreatattentionfromallovertheworld.Majorn

13、ewspaperslikeTheWallStreetJournalandTheTelegraphshowedtheirconfusionoverthestrangetrendandtheysaidtheyreallycouldntunderstandwhyChinesepeopleweresocrazy.Somepeoplethinkperhapsthehairpinsareasymbolofthecuteandchildlikemengculture.Othersbelievetheyarethesymboloftheloveforcartoons.Whoknows?Infact,nobod

14、ycaresaboutit.Afterall,beautyismysterious(奇特的).Whatisitonyourhead?Fromthepassage,weknowthestrangehairpinwasagreatchancefor_.TheunderlinedwordconfusioninParagraphFourmeans.A.氣憤B.遺憾C.驚訝D迷惑Wecanknowfromthepassagethat.A.thestrangehairpinmayshowpeopleswishestoprotecttheenvironmentB.merchantssoldallkindso

15、fwoodensproutsandmushroomsC.alotofpeoplewanttoknowwhypeoplewearthehairpins.D.thestrangehairpinmaycomefromaKoreancartoon參照答案：1A2D3C4BAboyhadaplaceatthebestschoolintown.Inthemorning,Grandfathertookhisgrandsontotheschool.Whentheboyandhisgrandfatherwentintotheplayground-thechildrencameup.Whatafunnyoldma

16、n,oneboysaid,makingaface.Hey,fatty(胖子),anotheroneshouted.Thechildrenjeeredatthetwoandjumpedupanddown.Withoutsayingaword,theoldmantookhisgrandsonoutofthatschoolgate.Wonderful,Idonthavetogotoschool!theboysaid.Youdo.butnotthisone,hisgrandfatherreplied.Illfindyouaschoolmyself.Grandfathertookhisgrandsonb

17、acktohisownhouse,askedGrandmothertolookafterhim,andthenofftolookforaschoolhimself.Everytimehegottoaschool,theoldmanwentintoaplayground,andwaitedforthechildrentocomeoutatbreaktime.Insomeschoolsthechildrencompletelyignored(不搭理)theoldman.andinothers,theymadefunofhim.Whenthishappened,hewouldturnsadlyand

18、gohome.Finally,hewentintotheverysmallplaygroundofaverysmallschool,andstoodtiredlyagainstthewall.Thebellrang,andthechildrengotoutintotheplayground.“Sir,areyouallright?ShallIbringyousomethingtodrink?”avoicesaid.“Wevegotabenchintheplayground-comeandsitdown,”cameanothervoice.Soonayoungteachercameoutinto

19、theplayground.Theoldmangreetedhimandsaid,“Finally,Ivefoundmygrandsonthebestschoolintown.”1.Theunderlinedphrase“jeeredat”probablymeans“”Thegrandsonfelt_whenhisgrandfathertookhimoutoftheschoolgate.Whentheoldstoodontheverysmallschoolplayground,thechildren_.him4.Wecanseetheoldmanjudges(判斷)aschoolbyits_.

20、參照答案：BBCAWhenmyson,Mark,wasinthethirdgrade,hesavedallhispocketmoneyforoverthreemonthstobuyholidaypresents.ThethirdSaturdayinDecemberMarksaidhehadmadehislistandhadtwentydollarsinhispocket.Idrovehimtoanearbysupermarket.MarkpickedupahandbasketandwentinwhileIwailedandwatchedinthecar.IttookMarkover45minu

21、testochoosehispresents.Finallyhecametothecheckoutcounter(交款處)andreachedintohispocketforhismoney.Itwasnotthere!Therewasaholeinhispocket,butnomoney.Markstoodthereholdinghisbasket,tearsfallingdownhisface.Thenasurprisingthinghappened.AwomancameuptoMarkandtookhiminherarms.Youwouldhelpmealotifyouletmepayf

22、oryou,saidthewoman.Itwouldbethemostwonderfulgiftyoucouldgiveme.Ionlyaskthatonedayyouwillpassiton.Whenyougrowup,Iwouldlikeyoutofindsomeoneyoucanhelp.Whenyouhelpothers,IknowyouwillfeelasgoodaboutitasIdono.Marktookthemoney,driedhistearsandranbacktothecheckoutcounterasfastashecould.Thatyearweallenjoyedo

23、urgiftsalmostasmuchasMm-kenjoyedgivingthemtous.Iwouldliketosaythankyoutothatverykindwoman,andtellherthatfouryearslater,Markwenthousetohousecollectingblanketsandclothesforthehomelesspeopleinthefire.AndIwanttopromiseherthatMarkwillneverforgettokeeppassingiton.1.Whendidthestoryprobablyhappen?A.BeforeCh

24、ristmasDay.B.OnChristmasDay.C.OnNewYearsDay.WhathappenedtoMarkinthesupermarket?A.Hisgiftswerestolen.B.Hebrokehisbasket.C.Helosthismoney.D.Helosthisway.Whydidthewriterwanttosaythankyoutothewoman?A.BecausesheboughtMarkanicepresent.B.Becauseshealwayspaidmoneyforothers.C.Becauseshecollectedclothesforthe

25、homeless.D.BecauseshetaughtMarktohelppeopleinneed.5.Whatsthebesttitleforthispassage?參照答案：ABCDBThatcoldJanuarynight,itseemedIwasgrowingsickofmylifeinSanFrancisco.ThereIwas,walkinghomeatoneinthemorningafteratiringpracticeatthetheater.Withopeningnightonlyaweekaway,Iwasstilllearningmylines.Iwashavingtro

26、ubledealingwithmypart-timejobatthebankandmyactingatnightatthesametime.AsIwalked,IthoughtseriouslyaboutgivingupbothactingandSanFrancisco.Citylifehadbecometoomuchforme.AsIwalkeddownemptystreetsundertallbuildings,Ifeltverysmallandcold.Ibeganrunning,bothtokeepwarmandtokeepawayanypossiblerobbers(搶劫犯).Ver

27、yfewpeoplewerestilloutexceptafewsad-lookinghomelesspeopleunderblankets.Aboutablockfrommyapartment,Iheardasoundbehindme.Iturnedquickly,halfexpectingtoseesomeonewithaknifeoragun.Thestreetwasempty.AllIsawwasashiningstreetlight.Still,thenoisehadmademenervous,soIstartedtorunfaster.NotuntilIreachedmyapart

28、mentbuildingandunlockedthedoordidIrealizewhatthenoisehadbeen.Ithadbeenmywalletfallingtothesidewalk.SuddenlyIwasntcoldortiredanymore.IranoutofthedoorandbacktowhereIdheardthenoise.AlthoughIsearchedthesidewalkanxiouslyforfifteenminutes,mywalletwasnowheretobefound.JustasIwasabouttogiveupthesearch,Iheardthegarbagetruckpulluptothesidewalknexttome.Whenavoicecalledfromtheinside,“AlisaCamacho?”IthoughtIwasdreaming.Howcouldthismanknowmyname?Thedooropened,andoutjumpedasmallred-hairedmanwithanamusedlookinhiseyes.“Isthi