新視野大學(xué)英語課件

1、 SummaryText StudyLead-in Writing The Battle Against AIDS Lead-inBrainstormingDiscussionsKnowledge about AIDS Brainstorming Words related to AIDSInfected Prevention Deficiency Epidemic Alarming Implement Illustrate DiagnoseUnofficial programLiterature令人擔(dān)心實施證明診斷非政府項目傳染的預(yù)防缺乏傳染病文學(xué)1. What is AIDS?Acquir

2、ed Immure Deficiency Syndrome (后天性免疫缺陷綜合癥). It is a disease that limits the bodys ability to fight infection. A person with AIDS has a very weak immune system, turning normally mild or rare diseases into potentially fatal conditions. Discussions2.Why do people turn pale at the mention of AIDS?People

3、, American or Chinese, tend to turn pale at the mention of AIDS. This is due to the cold fact that it almost always leads to death while there is no known effective cure for it.Discussions3. Is there any difference between AIDS and HIV?Human Immunodeficiency Virus (人類免疫缺陷病毒). AIDS is different from

4、HIV in that the former usually causes death whileHIV may lead to AIDS.Discussions4. Who is most likely to become infected?Anyone can become infected with HIV. HIV is transmitted sexually or through drug use by contaminated blood.Discussions5.How many ways can HIV spread?HIV is spread in three ways:

5、1) contact with infected blood; 2) mother-to-child transmission.3)sex;Discussions1. 全球防控艾滋病每年花費_。2. 于_年發(fā)現(xiàn)首例艾滋病，至今全球感染艾滋人數(shù)升至 _，其中_%在25歲以下，而且_%的人不知 道自己感染艾滋病病毒（2007年）。3. 2007年新感染艾滋病毒的人數(shù)為250萬，艾滋病死亡人 數(shù)為210萬。4. 全球每隔_就有1人感染艾滋病，每天大約有_ 成為新的艾滋病病毒感染者（2007年）。5. 全世界死于艾滋病的人已達_。6. 未來10年內(nèi)全球被感染者可能達_以上，_會 在發(fā)展中國家。5000

6、億3320萬95%12.6秒6850人1400萬1億905019801. Striking Numbers （2007）Knowledge about AIDS 65萬1000萬1. 我國_發(fā)現(xiàn)首例艾滋病2. 中國已有_HIV攜帶者，其中艾滋病病人 75000例，死亡26000例，性傳染趨升（2006）3. 據(jù)聯(lián)合國艾滋病規(guī)化署(UNAIDS)估計，如果未 能采取有效的預(yù)防措施，到2010年我國艾滋病 病毒感染者可能達到_人。（2006.4.）1985年1. Striking Numbers （2007）Knowledge about AIDS Knowledge about AIDS Und

7、erstandingZooming WordsText SummaryStructure AnalysisSentence Pattern Text StudyDifficult Sentences3Question Answering1Intensive Reading2Text StudyUnderstandingUnderstanding a. 185,000 b. nearly 500,000 c. one million d. 102,000 e. 204,000_ killed since 1970s_ killed in the past few years_ expected

8、to die_ infected with HIV virus_ black & Latinos diagnosed with HIVedacb1. Match the Numbers (Paras.1-2)I. UnderstandingText StudyUnderstanding What are correct about the South Carolina AIDS Education Network ?a. It is a government organization.b. It combats the spread of AIDS.c. It gets a lot of mo

9、ney. 2. Tick the Right (Paras.3-6)d. It operates programs out of a beauty shop.e. It uses videos and publications. f. Hairdressers are not in the network.Text StudyUnderstandingMethod 1 speak to your communityProblem a low literacy rate Solution draw pictures, familiar faces and languageEvaluation m

10、ore effect 3. Explain the Methods (Paras.7-13)Work in pairs and explain methods 1-3 with the help of the key words in the following charts:Text StudyUnderstandingMethod 2 train teenagersProblem spread fastestSolution establish, programEvaluation simple, better, adult, helpMethod 3 redefineProblem mi

11、sinformationSolution emphasize, regardlessText StudyUnderstandingReference Words: More than 102,000 people.2. Questions to ComprehensionQ:1) How many American people have been killed by AIDS in the past few years?(Para.1)Reference Words:Women and youth in rural Southern communities. Q:2) According t

12、o the passage, who are the ones most likely to be infected with AIDS?(Para. 2)Reference Words:The spread of AIDS and government inactivity in stopping it. Q:3) What are the reasons why some local organizations emerged? (Para. 3)Reference Words: Hand out AIDS information to the clients in beauty shop

13、 and show videos on AIDS prevention. Speak to your community in a way they can hear. Train teenagers to educate their peers. Redefine ”at risk” to include women from different backgrounds and marriage status.Q:4) What are the lessons learned by the local organizations in their battles against AIDS?

14、Reference Words:To reduce the number of AIDS cases.Q:5) What is the purpose of forming the South Carolina AIDS Education Network? (Para. 4)Reference Words:Because most of the people have a low literacy level.Q:6) Why is it impossible to hand out AIDS literature and expect people to read it in some c

15、ommunities? (Paras. 8-9)Reference Words:They make it simple and explain the risk of catching AIDS to their peers much better than adults. Q:7) In what way can teenagers do much better than adults according to the passage? (Para. 10)Reference Words:Everyone is at risk regardless of marriage status.Q:

16、8) Who can be at risk according to the author? (Para. 12)Reference Words:Everyone should take part in the war against AIDS.Q:9) What should people do in order to win the war against AIDS? (Para. 14)AcquireDiagnoseConstituteAlarmorganizationLiteracyEmergeemergeRiskstatus3. Key Words 1. acquire vt. ge

17、t by skill or ability, by ones own efforts or behavior （由技術(shù)、能力、努力或行為而）獲得；學(xué)到 acquire a good knowledge of English 熟諳英文 acquire a reputation for dishonesty 蒙上不誠實惡名 acquire a taste for brandy 養(yǎng)成喝白蘭地的嗜好e.g.Words and ExpressionsWord Using1. acquire vt. get by skill or ability, by ones own efforts or behav

18、ior （由技術(shù)、能力、努力或行為而）獲得；學(xué)到e.g.The company has recently acquired a new office building in central Shanghai. 這家公司最近在上海市中心買了一棟新的辦公樓。 Words and ExpressionsWord Using2. diagnose 診斷 vt. diagnose sb. with diagnose + illness/sb.s condition as The woman is diagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病).e.g. The doctor diagnose

19、d the illness as cancer.Words and ExpressionsWord Using3. constitute vt. form sth. from partsHow many students constitute your study group?e.g.Twelve months constitute a year. Use It比 較 comprise compose constitutecomprise consist compose constituteTwo small boys and a dog comprise/ consist of the st

20、reet entertainers only audience.Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.Twelve months constitute a year The committee is constituted of memembers of all three parties Two small boys and a dog comprised the street entertainers only audience.4. alarm vt. cause sudden fear or worry; give a warning or

21、feeling of danger to 使恐慌，使擔(dān)憂；警告e.g.Everybody was alarmed at the news that war might break out. 人人聽到戰(zhàn)事可能爆發(fā)的消息都感到恐慌。Words and ExpressionsWord Using4. alarm vt. cause sudden fear or worry; give a warning or feeling of danger to 使恐慌，使擔(dān)憂；警告槍聲驚動了千百只鳥。TranslationKeyThe noise of the shot alarmed hundreds of

22、 birds.Words and ExpressionsWord Using4. alarm n. U sudden fear and worry 恐慌，擔(dān)憂； C a piece of equipment that warns people about danger, the time, etc. 報警器；鬧鐘 a fire alarm 火警 set the alarm(-clock) for 6 oclock 把鬧鐘撥到6點e.g. He jumped up in alarm. 他驚慌地跳了起來。e.g.Words and ExpressionsWord Using5. organizat

23、ion n. a group of people with a special purpose WHO OPEC WorldHealthOrganizationWhat do these organizations mean?Organization of Petroleum Exporting CountriesNorth Atlantic Treaty OrganizationMore NATOWords and ExpressionsWord Using5. organizationFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Natio

24、nsUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUNESCO聯(lián)合國教科文組織FAO聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織Look upWMO WIPO ILOWords and ExpressionsWord Using6 literacy:The literacy rate there is the highest in America. 那個地區(qū)的文化普及率是美國最高的。 Mass literacy was only possible after the invention of printing.發(fā)明了印刷術(shù)后文化教育才得以普及

25、。n. the ability to read and write識字，讀寫能力 TranslationliteracyilliteracyliterateIlliteratecomputer literacy計算機文化Association 7. emerge vi. come to appear The sun emerged from behind a cloud.e.g. What does the photo show us?Use It It shows a beautiful scene when the morning sun emerges from the sea surf

26、ace.Words and ExpressionsWord Using 7. emerge vi. become known Different ideas emerged in the heated discussion.e.g. Later, it emerged that the judge had been employing an illegal immigrant.Words and ExpressionsWord UsingEmergent emergency8. illustrate vt. make clear by giving pictures or examplesTh

27、ese graphs illustrate the results of the experiment.e.g.Words and ExpressionsWord Using8. illustrate vt. make clear by giving pictures or examples他用統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)來說明觀點。TranslationKeyHe illustrated his point with statistics.Words and ExpressionsWord Using9. risk vt. place in danger The soldier risked his life

28、to save the drowning girl. Translation 士兵冒著生命危險去救落水的女孩。KeyWords and ExpressionsWord Using9. risk n. dangerThe disease is spreading, and all children under 5 are at risk. Translation疾病在蔓延，5歲以下的兒童都有被傳染的危險。Keyat risk: in danger 處境危險More phrasesWords and ExpressionsWord Usingtake/run the risk of (doing)

29、 sth. 冒著的危險 at any risk at all risks不管冒什么風(fēng)險at the risk of (doing) sth. 冒著的危險take/run the risk to do sth.冒險Words and ExpressionsWord UsingPractice10 status:n. the legal position of a person, group or country 法定地位； the social or professional position of sb/sth in relation to others 社會地位，職業(yè)地位Womens soc

30、ial status hasnt changed much over the years.這些年來婦女的社會地位沒有多大改變。He is after wealth and status.他追求財富和地位。Whats the status of the peace talks?目前和談的情況如何?TranslationNormally, a writer starts with a problem and then presents the sulution(s) to solve the problem, and gives evaluation of the solution at the

31、end. Analyze the following paragraphs:Structure AnalysisMethod 1 Problem Solution Evaluation (Para.7-13) Tip: speak to your community in a way they can hearTip: a low literacy rateTip: draw pictures, familiar faces and languageTip: have more effectMethod 2 Problem Solution Evaluation Tip: train teen

32、agersTip: spread fastestTip: establish, programTip: simple, better, adult, helpMethod 3 Problem Solution Tip: redefine Tip: misinformationTip: emphasize, regardless In contrast to the governments inactivity, some local organizations have made efforts to fight against AIDS creatively. The organizatio

33、n has generalized some practical methods which are useful to other similar groups. Fighting against AIDS entails everyones involvement and forces each of us to be an educator and learn to live. A serious disease named as AIDS was diagnosed in the U.S.A. in the late 1970s; and since then it has been

34、a big threat to the American society.1. Structure of TextPara.1-2Para. 3-6Para. 7-13Para. 14II. Structure AnalysisProblem + Solution + Evaluation + SummaryA. The Writing Model of the Passage:The basic structure of this pattern is problem-solution-evaluation. There are some possible differences in th

35、e pattern but the basic parts are problems and solutions.Can you list some typical expressions for this pattern?Text StudyStructure AnalysisPara. 1 Since then, AIDS has killed more than 204,000 Americanshalf of that number in the past few years alone. Another 185,000 of the one million infected with

36、 the HIV virus are expected to die within the next year. aloneinfected withalone:You shouldnt leave a child alone in the house.你不應(yīng)該把孩子單獨留在家里。 He was left to raise their two children alone.他獨自一人撫養(yǎng)兩個孩子。The case will cost thousands of pounds in legal fees alone.這個案子僅法律費用一項就要用幾千磅。adj. without any other

37、people獨自; without any help from others獨立； used after a noun or pronoun to show that the person or thing mentioned is the only one單獨，僅僅TranslationI didnt have any clothes, _alone a passport.Ive told you before-_ my things alone!Shes asked to be _ alone but the press photographers follow her everywher

38、e.These islands are too small to _ alone as independent states. I like _alone in the house. Allocationletleaveleftstandbeingalone, lone, lonely, solitary He was _when we met him.the _skier on the mountainA _fisherman stood on a tuft of gravel.a _ soula _travelerAssociationalonelonelonelylonelysolita

39、ry受感染腐蝕影響盡管到處都是誘惑，但我什么壞毛病也沒染上。to be infected with all around / attraction / any bad habit / be infected withAlthough attraction is all around, I am not infected with any bad habit.受感染:受影響:受苦:享福: to be infected with to be affected with to be cursed with to be blessed with Para. 3 Despite such alarmin

40、g numbers, the federal and state governments have been slow in implementing programs to stop the spread of AIDS. In place of government inactivity, a number of local organizations have emerged. Local Locate Location （在）適當(dāng)?shù)模ㄎ恢茫海ㄔ冢┎贿m當(dāng)?shù)模ㄎ恢茫菏紫?其次：使某人不敢越軌：in placeout of placein the first / second place

41、to keep sb. in his place代替針對鑒于in place of (sb./sth.)取代枯燥校園生活的是正興起的豐富多彩的文化活動。in place of / dull campus life / emerge / rich and colorful / cultural activitiesIn place of dull campus life, rich and colorful cultural activities are emerging.Despite such , sb. is / seems + adj. / p.p. + in doing sth. 盡管

42、如此的，某人在方面卻表現(xiàn)出顯得盡管事情如此棘手，她處置時卻顯得沉著冷靜。Despite such a tough matter, she seemed calm and cool in handling it.用于表述“某人的做事方式與實際情況的反差”。Para. 5 She also keeps books and other publications around so customers can read them while waiting for their appointments. Its amazing how many people she has educated on t

43、he job. 遠離：擺脫：不冒犯：回避：to keep away from to keep free from to keep in with to keep off 身邊備著備有to keep . around一定要隨身帶著手機，不然我們無法和你保持聯(lián)系。Be sure to keep your mobile phone around, otherwise we find no way to keep in touch with you.It is amazing / surprising / touching how sb. / sth. does sth. 某人某事是這樣的，這一點著實

44、讓人贊嘆驚奇感動。用于表述“對某人某事的感慨”。多年來他在商界沒染上多少壞毛病，這一點著實令人贊嘆。It is amazing how few bad habits he has been infected with in the business world over the years.Para. 8 Speak to your community in a way they can hear. Many communities have a low literacy rate, making impossible passing out AIDS literature and expec

45、ting people to read it. To solve this problem, ask people in the community who can draw well to create low-literacy AIDS education publications.Sb. is / has / does sth., making possible / impossible doing sth. else 某人，這使得的做法成為可能不切實際。用于表述“某人在方面的事實使得做成為可能不切實際”。他工資收入低，這使得近期購買高檔住房不切合實際。He earns a low sa

46、lary, making impossible buying a high-grade house in near future.To solve this problem, ask people in the community who can draw well to create low- literacy AIDS education publications. sb/sth + attributive clausee.g.I dont like the way he talks to others.More Practice Ill never forget the city _ _

47、 (我和瑪麗在那里度過童年時光). He won a gold medal, _ _ (全家人認為這是個了 不起的榮譽).where I spent my child-hood with Mary which the whole familyconsidered a great honorComplete the followingPara. 10 They make it simple and explain the risk of catching AIDS to friends their own age much better than an adult can. They also

48、play a vital role in helping parents understand the types of peer pressure their children experience. 冒的危險：降低的危險：對構(gòu)成危險：置危險境地：to take the risk of to reduce the risk of to pose a risk to / for .to put at riskto explain the risk of doing sth. to sb.我母親自我小時候就給我說沉迷網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的危害，為此我很感激她。from my childhood / expl

49、ain the risk of indulging in online games / feel deep gratitude to sb.I feel deep gratitude to my mother for explaining to me the risk of indulging in online games from my childhood.向某人解釋做的危險Para. 11 Redefine “at risk” to include women from different backgrounds and marital status.at risk冒著的危險：無論冒什么

50、危險：自擔(dān)風(fēng)險：危險因素：at the risk of doing at all risks / at any riskat ones own riskan element of riskPara. 12 The stylists also emphasize that everyone is at risk and that all of us have a right to protect ourselvesregardless of marriage status. Para. 13 These lessons are not the only solutions to the cris

51、is, but until there is a cure for AIDS, education represents the only safe measure to guard against the virus. 有權(quán)做某事to have a right to do sth.無論誰受不了軍訓(xùn)之苦都有權(quán)要求休息。Whoever can not put up with the hardship of military training has the right to ask for a rest.whoever / not put up with / military training

52、/ hardship / have the right / to ask for a rest不顧不計regardless ofthe old / complain / the young / act / tend to / regardless of / afterwards / what will happenThe old are always complaining that the young tend to act regardless of what will happen afterwards.老年人總在抱怨年輕人做事往往不計后果。解決的唯一方案 the only soluti

53、on to sth.解決彼此沖突的有效途徑之一是多溝通。One of the effective solutions to the conflict between one and another is to exchange ideas with each other a lot.Para. 14 We must not let cultural, racial, or social barriers distract us from the job that must be done. This is an undeclared war that everyone must sign up

54、 for in order for us to win. 使某人不能專心于to distract sb. from 她對自己專業(yè)的興趣極大，幾乎沒有什么能使她分心。in ones area of study / take such a great interest / distract sb. from sth.She takes such a great interest in her area of study that almost nothing can distract her from it.報名參加to sign up for 隨著奧運會的臨近，越來越多的大學(xué)生報名參加志愿者。W

55、ith the Olympic Games drawing nearer, more and more college students are signing up for volunteer opportunities.Consolidation Creative Application of ExpressionsEnglish Equivalents of ChineseSummaryText SummaryEnglish Equivalents of Chinese 1. 染上艾滋病的人 2. 被診為艾滋病的人 3. 預(yù)計發(fā)生 4. 一年內(nèi)死亡 5. 成為的大群體 6. 政府行動不力

56、 7. 實施防止的計劃 8. 從一個美發(fā)店做起 9. 以你能接受的方式 10. 設(shè)立一個項目people infected with AIDSpeople diagnosed with AIDSto be expected toto die within one/the next yearto constitute a big segment of government inactivityimplement programs to stop to operate out of a beauty shopin a way you can hearto establish a programEn

57、glish Equivalents of Chinese 11. 在起重要作用 12. 不同社會背景的人 13. 困擾著醫(yī)療機構(gòu) 14. 占人口的80 15. 治病良方 16. 預(yù)防艾滋病毒 17. 不同于任何其他病 18. 政治工作的低效率 19. 不宣而戰(zhàn)的戰(zhàn)爭 20. 做感到難受 to play a vital role in doing people from different backgrounds plague the medical establishment make up 80% of the population a good cure for the disease g

58、uard against the HIV virus like no other plague political inefficiency an undeclared war not feel comfortable doing 20世紀70年代末期20世紀70年代初期20世紀70年代中期資源出版物文學(xué)受教育比例低in the late 1970s in the early 1970s in the middle 1970s resources publication literature a low literacy rate II. Chinese to EnglishWords and

59、 ExpressionsC to E 高死亡率 婚姻狀況 經(jīng)濟狀況 就業(yè)情況 法律地位 效率 效率低下a high death ratemarriage statuseconomic statusjob statuslegal statusefficiencyinefficiencyWords and ExpressionsC to EIII. Summary Since it was _ in 1970s, AIDS has killed _ of Americans. Women and youth in rural Southern communities are most _ to b

60、e _ with AIDS. In _ of the spread of AIDS and lack of government activity to stop it, some local organizations _. The South Carolina AIDS Education Network formed to help _ the number of AIDS _. In some communities, handing _ AIDS literature and _ people to read it is not very _ diagnosedthousandsli