英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法合成法市公開(kāi)課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

1、Grammar構(gòu)詞法 (Word Formation)第1頁(yè)構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法：合成(Compounding) 派生法(Derivation) 【前綴/后綴】轉(zhuǎn)化法(Conversion) 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】第2頁(yè) chair + man chairman mother + land motherland class + room classroom super + market supermarket第3頁(yè)-er（人） farm farmer make maker prisonprisoner designdesigner cook cooker post poster 第4頁(yè) face n. face

2、 v. book n. book v. park n. park v.第5頁(yè)（1）合 成 名 詞組成方式例詞名詞名詞weekend名詞動(dòng)詞daybreak名詞動(dòng)名詞handwriting名詞及物動(dòng)詞erorpain-killer名詞介詞名詞editor-in-chief動(dòng)詞名詞typewriter動(dòng)名詞名詞reading-room現(xiàn)在分詞名詞flying-fish形容詞名詞gentleman副詞動(dòng)詞outbreak介詞名詞afternoon代詞名詞she-wolf合成詞種類及構(gòu)詞方法第6頁(yè)（2）合 成 形 容 詞組成方式例詞名詞形容詞snow-white名詞現(xiàn)在分詞English-speaki

3、ng名詞to名詞face-to-face名詞過(guò)去分詞man-made數(shù)詞名詞one-way數(shù)詞名詞形容詞two-year-old數(shù)詞名詞edfive-storeyed動(dòng)詞副詞see-through形容詞名詞high-class合成詞種類及構(gòu)詞方法形容詞名詞edabsent-minded形容詞形容詞light-blue形容詞現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking副詞形容詞ever-green副詞現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working副詞過(guò)去分詞well-known副詞名詞fast-food介詞名詞downhill第7頁(yè)（3）合 成 動(dòng) 詞組成方式例詞名詞動(dòng)詞sleep-walk形容詞動(dòng)詞white-wash

4、副詞動(dòng)詞overthrow合成詞種類及構(gòu)詞方法（4）合 成 副 詞組成方式例詞形容詞名詞hotfoot形容詞副詞everywhere副詞副詞however介詞名詞beforehand介詞副詞forever（5）合 成 代 詞組成方式例詞代詞賓格selfherself物主代詞selfmyself形容詞名詞anything（6）合 成 介 詞組成方式例詞副詞名詞inside在里面介詞副詞within在之內(nèi)副詞介詞into進(jìn)入第8頁(yè)復(fù)合形容詞是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上詞組成形容詞，而且詞與詞之間通常有連詞符號(hào)。通常在句中做定語(yǔ)。復(fù)合形容詞組成方式有各種，復(fù)合形容詞組成規(guī)律表達(dá)了知識(shí)之間融匯貫通。下面介紹兩種

5、復(fù)合形容詞組成方式 第9頁(yè)含有分詞復(fù)合形容詞1. peace-loving people= people who love peace 興趣和平人2. fine-sounding words=words which sound fine 甜言蜜語(yǔ)3. soft-feeling materials=materials which feel soft 手感柔軟面料4. good-looking gentleman=gentleman who looks good 儀表堂堂男士5. hard-working students=students who study hard刻苦讀書(shū)學(xué)生6. hand-

6、made goods=goods which were made by hand 手工制品7. heart-felt thanks=thanks which are felt by heart 衷心感激8. fast-developing industry=industry which develops fast 高速發(fā)展產(chǎn)業(yè)9. highly-developed countries=countries have developed highly 高度發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家10. newly-arrived visitors=visitors who have arrived newly 剛才抵達(dá)參觀者 第

7、10頁(yè)復(fù)合形容詞中現(xiàn)在分詞與名詞之間含有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示主動(dòng) 。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于含有主謂賓關(guān)系定語(yǔ)從句，翻譯時(shí)可采取倒譯法。復(fù)合形容詞中過(guò)去分詞與名詞之間含有主謂關(guān)系,語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示被動(dòng) 。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于“過(guò)去分詞+by /with somebody/something”翻譯時(shí)可采取直譯法。 復(fù)合形容詞組成中現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞區(qū)分第11頁(yè)a peace-loving nation = a nation which loves peace（一個(gè)興趣和平民族） an English-speaking country = a country whose people speak English (一個(gè)

8、說(shuō)英語(yǔ)國(guó)家)。這種復(fù)合形容詞中現(xiàn)在分詞與名詞之間含有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示主動(dòng) 。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于含有主謂賓關(guān)系定語(yǔ)從句，翻譯時(shí)可采取倒譯法。比如： 第12頁(yè)man-made 人造snow-covered 被雪覆蓋air-filled 充滿空氣2. 名詞過(guò)去分詞第13頁(yè)這種復(fù)合形容詞中過(guò)去分詞與名詞之間含有主謂關(guān)系,語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示被動(dòng) 。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)相當(dāng)于“過(guò)去分詞+by /with somebody/something”翻譯時(shí)可采取直譯法。 man-made satellites = satellites made by manan air -filled bag = a bag filled with

9、 air第14頁(yè)小試牛刀選擇正確英文翻譯：清潔鞋子服務(wù)A.shoe-cleaning serviceB.shoe-cleaned serviceA.a book filling roomB.a book-filled room一個(gè)放滿書(shū)房間第15頁(yè)種小麥?zhǔn)》菔止ぷ髌穡heat-growing provinceshand-made works暖心話語(yǔ)曬傷皮膚heart-warming wordssun-burnt skin英漢短語(yǔ)互譯：省時(shí)機(jī)器time-saving machines 人為事故a man-caused accident第16頁(yè)小試牛刀選擇正確英文翻譯：清潔鞋子服務(wù)A.shoe-c

10、leaning serviceB.shoe-cleaned serviceA.a book filling roomB.a book-filled room一個(gè)放滿書(shū)房間第17頁(yè)種小麥?zhǔn)》菔止ぷ髌穡heat-growing provinceshand-made works暖心話語(yǔ)曬傷皮膚heart-warming wordssun-burnt skin英漢短語(yǔ)互譯：省時(shí)機(jī)器time-saving machines 人為事故a man-caused accident第18頁(yè)含有動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合形容詞sleeping- pills 安眠藥 = pills which are for sleeping waiting-room 候車(chē)室 = room which is used for waiting reading-room 閱覽室= room which is used for reading 動(dòng)名詞表用途第19頁(yè)形容詞/數(shù)詞+名詞+ed組成復(fù)合形容詞cold-blooded animals= animals with cold blood 冷血?jiǎng)游颽 long-haired girl=a girl with long hair一個(gè)長(zhǎng)發(fā)女孩兒a single-armed genera