高考英語第一輪精講復(fù)習(xí)教案14

1、Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars .重點單詞聚焦1It cost him more than one_ 十億 dollars to complete the project. 答案：billion 2“What happened ？” Johns mother asked him in a_ 溫順的 voice. 答案：gentle 3Before the Earth s protective_大氣層 was formed ,there was no life except in the sea. 答案：atmosphere 4With the

2、_ 引力 of the moon and the sun each day ,tides 潮汐 roll in and roll away. 答案：pull 5Man - made_衛(wèi)星 are used for sending and receiving messages. 答案：satellites 6Smoking_乘,增加 the risk of heart attacks and other health problems. 答案：multiplies 7Eating too many desserts can be_有害的 to ones teeth. 答案：harmful 8Gl

3、obal warming and_ 氣候 change problems are perhaps the greatest threats to our planet. 答案：climate 9According to the_ 理論 of relativity 相對論 ,nothing can travel faster than light. 答案：theory 10 Most of the evidence had been destroyed._因此,于是 , it was almost impossible to prove him guilty. 答案：Thus .重點短語掃描1p

4、revent. . 阻擋 2eggs 下蛋3ones turn 輪到某人；接著4get the hang 熟識；把握；懂得5watch 親密凝視；當(dāng)心；提防6depend 依靠7time 準(zhǔn)時,最終8give 產(chǎn)生；分娩9cheer 感到興奮；感到興奮10 now 既然11 break 突發(fā)；爆發(fā)from lay in of out on in birth to up that out .課文原句突破1隨后它會變成什么沒有人知道,直到 的球狀物；3845 億年前,這團(tuán)塵埃才漸漸地勢成一個固體_ _ _ _ _was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 bil

5、lion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. 答案：What it was to become 2地球變得如此猛烈,以至于它的外形能否長久仍不清晰；The earth became_violent_it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 答案：so；that 3這就產(chǎn)生了一系列的反應(yīng),使得生命就有可能開頭進(jìn)展了；This produced a chain reaction, which_ _ _ _ _ _ _. 答案：made it possible for

6、 life to develop 4而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時候,我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn),步伐的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍,因而我摔倒了；But when I tried to step forward ,I found I was carried_ _ _ _ on the earth and fell over. 答案：twice as far as 5“ 天哪,” 我大聲說；“ 引力轉(zhuǎn)變了,走路也的確需要練一練了；”“ Oh,dear,”I cried,“walking does need a bit of practice_ _gravity has changed.”答案：now that a

7、tmosphere n大氣層,空氣；環(huán)境,氣氛 教材原句 P25：They were in time to produce carbon,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases,which were to make the earths atmosphere.它們最終產(chǎn)生了碳、氮氣、水蒸氣和其他氣體,這些后來形成了地球的大氣層；The waste they create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick.它們制造出來的廢氣進(jìn)入大氣中,導(dǎo)致我們生病；The simple atmosphere of the o

8、ffice calmed me. 樸素的辦公室氣氛讓我安靜下來；Ever since their quarrel ,there has been an unpleasant atmosphere in the office. 自從他們發(fā)生口角以來,辦公室里總有一種不開心的氣氛；1.湖北高考 The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_. Aatmosphere B state Csituation Dphenomenon 解析：句意為：兩國高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間的會談在友好的氣氛中舉辦；atmosphere

9、氣氛；state 狀態(tài)； situation 境況； phenomenon 現(xiàn)象；由句意可知 A 項正確；答案：A harmful adj. 有害的,其反義詞為 harmless 教材原句 P26：What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. 許多科學(xué)家信任,由于地球上長期有水存在,它使得地球得以把曾經(jīng)存在于大氣層中的有害氣體和酸性物質(zhì)溶解在海洋

10、里；be harmful to 對 有害do harm to./do.harm 損害 There is no harm in doing sth./It does no harm to do sth. 做某事是個好想法 或沒有壞處 It is harmful to your health to drink too much. 過量喝酒對你的身體有害；Your smoking can be harmful to the health of your children. 你吸煙會危及孩子的健康；He would never frighten anyone or cause them any har

11、m. 他永久不會恐嚇或損害任何人；He may say no,but theres no harm in asking. 他可能拒絕,但問一問也無妨；2.Doctors always tell us that drinking too much_our health, but some people dont care. Ais harm to Bdoes harmful to Cis harmful to Ddo harm to 解析：句意為：醫(yī)生總是告知我們飲酒太多有害健康,但有些人卻不在意；be harmful to sb.do harm to sb.對某人有害； D 項應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)

12、；答案：C puzzle vt.使困惑；使犯難；使窘困；感到困惑；n.嬉戲的 猜謎；難題；謎教材原句 P27：How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.地球生命如何起源是科學(xué)家們覺得很難解決的最大的難題之一；What puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone. 令我百思不解的是他為 什么靜靜地離開了這個國家；I have been puzzling about this ques

13、tion for weeks now. 我對這個問題已冥思苦想了好幾個星期；It s quite a puzzle to us why he did that. 他為何做這樣的事,我們完全搞不懂；Her puzzled look on her face suggested she didn表情說明她不明白我說的話；3.完成句子t understand what I said. 她臉上困惑的She lost heart since she failed in the exam.She_對將來感到迷茫 答案：felt puzzled about her future pull n& vt. 拉力

14、；拖；牽引力教材原句 P30：As the rocket rose into the air ,we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth 回到座位上,由于我們正盡力擺脫地球的引力；pull back 撤回 pull down 拆毀；摧殘 pull in 車輛 進(jìn)站停靠；靠邊?？?pull out 駛出；退出 pull through 康復(fù)；痊愈 He pulled the door open and rushed out. 他拉開門,沖了出去；s gravi

15、ty.隨著火箭的升空,我們被重重地推The police car signalled to us to pull in. 警車發(fā)出信號,要我們駛向路邊?？浚籛e waved as the train pulled out of the station. 火車駛出車站時我們揮手辭別；The doctor told me that I would pull through. 醫(yī)生告知我我會康復(fù)的；4.用 pull 的短語填空：1Houses were_to make way for a new highway. 2Cheer up ！Take more exercise every day and

16、 you will_. 3John_behind me and parked. 4Be careful when you_of the driveway. 答案：1pulled down2pull through3pulled in 4pull out in time 準(zhǔn)時；最終；總有一天 He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time. 他設(shè)法把游客準(zhǔn)時送到機(jī)場；Will you be home in time to see the children before they go to bed ？你會在孩子們上床睡覺之前回來看他們

17、嗎？If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 假如堅持下去,你們遲早會勝利的；on time 準(zhǔn)時；按時 in no time 立刻；立刻at a time 一次；每次 at one time 曾經(jīng)；一度 at the same time 同時 take ones time 別焦急；漸漸來At one time , half the land on the Earth 有一半的土地被森林所掩蓋；s surface was covered by forest.曾經(jīng),地球表面You must give your homework to the teache

18、r on time. 你必需準(zhǔn)時把作業(yè)交給老師；5.用 time 的適當(dāng)短語填空：1The cloud never hides the sun.The truth will be known to all_. 2_there were not so many cars on the streets. 3_I go out to the beach to relax. 4I am afraid I can t return the book to you before Friday. _. 答案：1in time2At one time3At times4Take your time in on

19、es turn 輪到某人；接著教材原句 P26：Thus they have ,in their turn ,become the most important animals on the planet. 于是,他們接著成為了這個行星上最重要的動物；When it is in my turn ,I am too excited to speak. 當(dāng)輪到我時,我興奮得都說不出話來了；in turn 依次,輪番；反之,反過來 by turns 輪番；交替地 take turns to do sth.輪番做某事 It is ones turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事 The cust

20、omer praised the manager ,who in turn praised his staff. 顧客夸獎了經(jīng)理,經(jīng)理 轉(zhuǎn)而夸獎了他的職員；全部的理論都來源于實 All theories are derived from practice and in turn serve practice.踐,并反過來為實踐服務(wù)；Now it is your turn to look after the children. 現(xiàn)在輪到你照看孩子了；6.湖北高考 People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own

21、 cars,and this_creates further problems. Ain short Bin case Cin doubt Din turn 此題考查短語意思辨析；in short 意為“ 總之,簡言之” ；in case 意為“ 假使,解析：免得,以防萬一” ；in doubt 意為“ 感到懷疑,被懷疑的” ；in turn 意為“ 反過來,依 次,輪番” ；依據(jù)句意要求應(yīng)選 D；答案：D prevent.from. 阻擋 /禁止 做 教材原句 P26：They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,w

22、hich prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 他們把過多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層 中,這使得地球上的熱不能釋放到太空中去；No one can prevent this plan from being carried out. 誰也不能阻擋這個方案的實施；Once he has made up his mind, nothing can prevent him from doing so.一旦他下定決 心,什么也不能阻擋他這樣做；His advice prevented/kept/stopped me from makin

23、g a serious mistake. 他的忠告使我免于犯嚴(yán)峻的錯誤；He wears sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.他帶墨鏡愛護(hù)眼睛使其免受太陽光的損害；7.完成句子Measures have been taken to_ 阻擋河流污染 答案：prevent/stop/keep the river from being polluted cheer up使興奮；使興奮；感到興奮教材原句 P31：I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around i

24、n our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger. 我立刻興奮起來,由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去,我望著身后的 地球越來越小,而前方的 月亮越來越大；Give Mary a call ,she needs cheering up. 給瑪麗打個電話,她需要人勸慰；Cheer up ！Our troubles will soon be over. 振作起來！我們的困難很快就會過去；When Im feeling sad my mother tells me funny stories to che

25、er me up.當(dāng)我感到悲傷時,我的母親就給我講好玩的故事讓我興奮起來；They do this in order to encourage crowds to cheer their sports team. 他們這樣做是為了鼓勵人們?yōu)樗麄兊那蜿牸佑停?.2022 天津卷 Im thinking of the test tomorrow.I m afraid I can t pass this time. _！I m sure youll make it. AGo ahead BGood luck CNo problem DCheer up 解析：句意為：我正在考慮明天考試的問題,唯恐這次

26、我會不及格；振作起來！我信任你會通過的；依據(jù)上下文只有 Cheer up“ 振作起來” 符合題意,而 Go ahead連續(xù), Good luck 好運氣, No problem 沒問題,均不符合題意；答案：D But when I tried to step forward , I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時候,我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn),步伐的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍,因而我摔倒了；倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：1“ A倍數(shù)形容詞或副詞的比較級thanB” ,表示“A 比 B 大長、高、寬等 多

27、少倍” ；2“ A倍數(shù) as形容詞或副詞的原級asB” ,表示“A 是 B 的多少倍” ；3“ A倍數(shù) the size/height/length/width ,etc. ofB” ,表示“A 是 B 的多少倍” ；4A倍數(shù) what 從句There are five times more books in our library than in yours. 我們圖書館里的書比你們圖書館里的書多五倍；He has read twice as many books as I have. 他讀的書是我讀過的兩倍；My house is twice the size of my parents.

28、 我的房子是我父母的兩倍大；Our city has experienced twice as much rain this year as it did last year. 我們城市今年的雨水是去年的兩倍；9.2022 江西卷 According to statistics ,a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer_a woman. Athan Bsuch Cso Das 解析：閱讀題干可知此題考查倍數(shù)句式的同級比較句型,其構(gòu)成應(yīng)為：倍數(shù)詞as形容詞 /副詞原級 as另一比較對象,所以此空應(yīng)填 as；答案：D 10

29、2022 遼寧卷 Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks,but it cost_his. Aas much twice as Btwice as much as Cmuch as twice as Das twice much as 解析：此題句意應(yīng)為：彼得的夾克衫看上去與杰克的相同,但價格卻是他的兩倍；表達(dá)倍數(shù)用“ 倍數(shù)詞asadj.as” 結(jié)構(gòu)；答案：B 11 陜西高考 Ten years ago the population of our village was_that of theirs. Aas twice large as B t

30、wice as large as Ctwice as much as Das twice much as 解析：句意為：十年前我們村的人口是他們村的 10 倍；形容詞比較級的結(jié)構(gòu)之一為：倍數(shù) as形容詞原級as. 答案：B 12 Some parts in South China have experienced_this year as they did last year. Atwice as much rain Brain twice as much Cas twice much rain Dtwice rain as much 解析：考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法“ 倍數(shù)as many/much n.

31、 as.” ；因倍數(shù)詞為前位限定詞,排除 B、C 兩項,而 D 項不合句型結(jié)構(gòu)；答案：A I cried,“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has “ Oh dear ,”changed.” “ 天哪,” 我大聲說：“ 重力轉(zhuǎn)變了,看來走路也的確需要練一練了；”now that 由于；既然,引導(dǎo)緣由狀語從句,有時 that 可以省略；Now that I have nothing to do ,I can enjoy music for a little while. 既然我無事可做,我可以享受一會兒音樂了；Now yo

32、u have grown up ,you can make up your mind by yourself. 你已長大了,可以自己作打算了；辨析： because,since,as,for 與 now that 1because語氣最強(qiáng),一般指事情發(fā)生的直接緣由,回答提問時,一般放在主句之后；He was absent from the meeting because he was ill yesterday. 昨天他沒參與會議是由于他病了；2since 語氣較弱,指雙方都明確的緣由或眾所周知的緣由,側(cè)重主句,從句表示明顯的或已知的理由；Since you cant answer the q

33、uestion,Ill ask someone else. 既然你回答不出這個問題,我就問別人了；3as 語氣比 because弱,所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的是顯而易見的緣由和理由,從句一般放在主句前；As there was no answer,we wrote him again. 鑒于他沒有回復(fù),我們又給他寫了封信；4for 是并列連詞,表示推斷的緣由,或?qū)η耙环志溲a(bǔ)充說明理由；for 表示這一用法時需放在兩句之間；It must have rained last night ,for the ground is wet. 昨晚確定下雨了,由于地面是濕的；13.北京高考 Did you retu

34、rn Fred s call. I didn t need to_I ll see him tomorrow. Athough Bunless Cwhen Dbecause 解析：句意為：你給 Fred 回電話了嗎？我沒必要回,由于明天我要去見他；though 雖然； unless除非； when 當(dāng) 時； because由于；答案：D 14 _youve got a chance,you might as well make full use of it. ANow that BAfter CAlthough DAs soon as 解析：句意為：既然你得到了一次機(jī)會,不妨充分利用它；答案：

35、A .完成句子1_ 既然 youfootball to have a rest. 答案：Now that ve finished your homework, you can go and play 2Do your best in your career, and youll succeed _遲早 答案：in time 3_ 當(dāng)心 for his temper！ He答案：Watch out s not easy to deal with. 4Whenever I m upset,she always has a good idea to make me_ 感到高興答案：cheer up

36、5The first modern robot_ operated digitally. 答案：came into existence 產(chǎn)生 in 1954 ,created by George Davel and 6The government has taken measures to_ the cultural relics_阻擋被損壞 答案：prevent；from being damaged .巧思妙解1_matters most in learning English is enough practice. AWhat B Why CWhere DWhich 解 析：本 題考 查名

37、 詞性 從句 的用 法； 依據(jù) 句子 的分 析, _matters most in learning English 是主語部分, is enough practice 是謂語部分；再分析主語部分,發(fā)覺缺少 的是主語,指的是事情,所以應(yīng)當(dāng)用一個代詞 what；答案：A 2_worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. AThis BThat CWhat DIt 解析：考查代詞 it 的用法；用做形式主語；真正的主語是the way；答案：D 3_parents say and do has a life- long effect on their

38、 children. AThat BWhich CWhat DAs 解析：考查名詞性從句；所填詞引導(dǎo)主語從句,引導(dǎo)詞作從句的賓語,指物；用 what；答案：C 4_he couldnt understand was_,as a teacher of Chinese,he was asked to teach history. AWhat ；that BWhat ； what CWhat ；which DWhy ； how 解析：第一個空格引導(dǎo)主語從句,且從句缺賓語,故用 what,而不用在從句中作狀語的why；其次個空格引導(dǎo)表語從句,且該從句不缺任何成分,故用在表語從句中不作成分的that,而

39、不用在從句中作成分的 what ,which,how；答案：A 5_is known to us all is that the 2022 Olympic Games will take place in London. AItBWhat 20XX年奧運會在倫敦舉辦；此題是由一個主語從句CAsDWhich 解析：句意為：我們都知道,_is known to us all 和一個表語從句that the 2022 Olympic. 組成,主語從句中缺少主語,用what 指代這一大事,留意此題可以轉(zhuǎn)化為It is known to us all that the 2022 Olympic Games will.it 作形式主