過去分詞作后置定語PPT

1、關(guān)于過去分詞作后置定語第一張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月過去分詞作定語，在語態(tài)上表被動(dòng)；在時(shí)間上表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯（意義）上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 第二張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. 過去分詞作定語的含義a. 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，具有被動(dòng)和完成的意義a broken cupa wounded soldiera cup which is broken a soldier who was wounded第三張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月a grown womana retired officera woman who has growna off

2、icer who has retiredb. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，具有主動(dòng)和完成意義。第四張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月B: Yes. And we had canned fish, smoked sausages, cakes made by our teacher and fresh apples picked from the orchard. We also played a lot of games there.B: Indeed, to our delight, we helped a lost boy to find his mother.單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)，位于

3、它所修飾的名詞或代詞前面；過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)，位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面。單個(gè)過去分詞過去分詞短語2. 過去分詞作定語位置第五張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月已升起的太陽有組織的旅行 a risen sunan organized trip第六張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月單個(gè)過去分詞和形容詞修飾 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等不定代詞時(shí),也要放在這些詞后面。nothing reportedsomething importantsomething else第七張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于

4、2022年6月過去分詞作定語的作用相當(dāng)于定語從句，二者可以轉(zhuǎn)換。 a letter written in pencil the book borrowed by Jack= a letter which was written in pencil= the book which was borrowed by Jack3. 過去分詞作定語和定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換第八張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. 形容詞性化過去分詞作定語常見的有：amazed, embarrassed, disappointed, excited, encouraged, bored, interested, tired

5、, worried, surprised, satisfied, pleased, moved, frightened等。The _ children were opening their presents.A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitesexcited第九張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語1.語態(tài)不同：現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。an inspiring speech the inspired audience鼓舞人心的演說受到鼓舞的觀眾the falling leaves落葉（正往下落的）

6、落葉（已經(jīng)落到地面的）the fallen leaves第十張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. 時(shí)間關(guān)系不同：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，多表示“動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行”或“與謂語同時(shí)進(jìn)行”或“經(jīng)常性”。過去分詞作定語，則多表示分詞動(dòng)作“先于位于動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作”或“沒有一定的時(shí)間性” Do you know the boy _(lie) under the big tree? He is a leader_ (respect) by the people.lyingrespected第十一張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式都可以表示“被動(dòng)”，但前者多表示一個(gè)完

7、成了的動(dòng)作，而后者則表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.the problem discussed yesterdaythe problem being discussed 已經(jīng)發(fā)生，完成正在發(fā)生第十二張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. (2011江蘇) A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 解析：co

8、mpare的動(dòng)作是survey發(fā)出的，現(xiàn)在分詞短語做后置定語。高考解析第十三張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself. (2011湖南) A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed解析：本句意思是：表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的能力和這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)本身一樣重要。the ability to do sth.“做某事的能力”，固定短語，故此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語。第十四張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Tsinghua Unive

9、rsity, _ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. (2011福建) A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded解析：句中的主語Tsinghua University與found構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可選C、D；再根據(jù)時(shí)間1911年可知found動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，故用過去分詞。此句中過去分詞短語作后置定語。 第十五張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. The players _ from the whole country are expected to

10、 bring us honor in this summer game. (湖南 2011 ) A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 2. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _ from the library. （2010 課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷）A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing 第十六張，PPT共十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily. （北京2010）A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 4. A great number of students _ said they we