高中英語 Unit2 lesson 1 modern heroesgrammar課件 北師大必修1

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Lesson 1Grammar2021/8/11 星期三2(I)規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，動詞詞尾加 -ed ，如：worked played wanted acted（2）以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾動詞，動詞詞尾加 -d，如：lived moved decided hoped （3）以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動詞，把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed，如：studied tried copied just（4）以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加 -ed，如：stopped dropped planned dotted drippedPast

2、 simple tense基本結(jié)構(gòu)2021/8/11 星期三3規(guī)則動詞詞尾加-ed有三種讀音： 1. 在清輔音后讀作t。如：asked, helped, watched, stopped 2. 在濁輔音和元音后讀作d。如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called 3. 在t / d后讀作id。如：wanted, neededPast simple tense基本結(jié)構(gòu)2021/8/11 星期三4(II)不規(guī)則動詞的過去式 不規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)，須多加記憶。1. 以t結(jié)尾的詞，過去式與原形相同。如：putput, letlet, cutcut, beatbeat2

3、. 以d結(jié)尾的詞，把d變成t。如:buildbuilt, lendlent, sendsent, spendspent3. 以n結(jié)尾的詞，在詞后加t。如：meanmeant, burnburnt, learnlearntPast simple tense基本結(jié)構(gòu)2021/8/11 星期三54. 以ow / aw結(jié)尾的詞，把ow / aw變成ew。如：blowblew, drawdrew, knowknew, growgrew5. 含有雙寫字母的詞，將雙寫改為單寫，在詞尾加t。如：keepkept, sleepslept, feelfelt, smellsmelt6. 含有元音字母o / i的詞

4、，將o / i變成a。如：singsang, givegave, sitsat, drinkdrank Past simple tense基本結(jié)構(gòu)2021/8/11 星期三6(III)Be動詞的過去式（1）am-was（2）are-were （3）is-wasPast simple tense基本結(jié)構(gòu)2021/8/11 星期三7Past simple tense基本句式句式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語+實義動詞過去式+He smoked many cigarettes a day否定句主語+didnt+原形實義動詞+I didnt know you were so busy.一 般疑問句Did+主語+原

5、形實義動詞+?Did you have a party the other day？特 殊疑問句疑問詞+did+主語+原形實義動詞+?When did you have your lunch? 2021/8/11 星期三8Past simple tense基本句式句式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語+was /were +I was late yesterday. 否定句主語+wasnt/ werent +We werent late yesterday.一 般疑問句Was/Were+主語+?Were you ill yesterday? 特 殊疑問句疑問詞+was/were+主語+?When were y

6、ou born?2021/8/11 星期三91.表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動作或情況，通常一般過去式帶有表示動作時間狀語的詞，詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, 等。上下文清楚時可以不帶時間狀語。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工廠工作。 I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.

7、昨天我們?nèi)チ颂忑埳?。Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三102.表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)的動作，常與always，never等連用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。 （只是說明她過去的動作，不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘。）比較 Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太老是帶著傘。 （說明這是她的習(xí)慣，表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘）Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三113 表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的一連串動作。這種情

8、況下，往往沒有表示過去的時間狀語，而通過上下文來表示。 The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died. 那男孩把眼睛張開了一會兒，看看船長，然后就去世了。Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三124.有些句子，雖然沒有表示過去確定時間的狀語，但實際內(nèi)涵意思表明是過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。（這一點，我們中國學(xué)生往往出錯，要特別注意！） I didnt know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 I thought you were ill.

9、我以為你病了呢。 Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三135. 在某些特殊句式或結(jié)構(gòu)中，用一般過去時，并不都是表示“過去時”，它表示某種感情色彩。It is time you went to bed. (你早該睡覺了)I would rather you came tomorrow. (我寧愿你明天來。)Could you lend me your bike? (你能把自行車借我用一下嗎？) Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三14過去進(jìn)行時是由“be動詞的過去式was/were現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。Past continuous te

10、nse基本結(jié)構(gòu)2021/8/11 星期三15基本句式句式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語+was/ were +現(xiàn)在分詞I was helping my mother in the kitchen all day否定句主語+wasnt/ werent +現(xiàn)在分詞I wasnt repairing the bike at that time.一 般疑問句Was/Were+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞?Were you talking to the head teacher ？特 殊疑問句疑問詞+ was/ were +主語+現(xiàn)分詞?Who were you writing to ? Past continuous tens

11、e2021/8/11 星期三161.過去進(jìn)行時表示過去某一時間正在進(jìn)行的動作，常和表過去的時間狀語連用，如： I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的這個時候我正在做作業(yè)。 They were expecting you yesterday.他們昨天一直在等待?；居梅≒ast continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三172. 過去進(jìn)行時可與soon, the next moment, in minutes, minutes later等時間狀語連用，表示一個新的動作剛剛開始。如： Soon the whole to

12、wn was talking about it.不久鎮(zhèn)上的人就都談?wù)撈疬@種事了?；居梅≒ast continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三183過去進(jìn)行時可用來為一個后一系列動作的發(fā)生提供背景。如： I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike.我在騎車時把腿摔壞了?；居梅≒ast continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三191.過去一般時表示的是過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。而過去進(jìn)行時表示的是過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。因此，它們在使用的時間詞語上有著比較明顯的區(qū)別。那就是，一般過去時所指的過去時間卻比較籠統(tǒng)，而過去進(jìn)行時所

13、指的過去時間則比較具體，并含有“當(dāng)時正在做某事”的意思。She joined the League three years ago.Mary was cooking at this time yesterday.比較Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三202.過去一般時表示的某個動作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時則不一定完成。一般過去式常表示在過去某時發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動作的發(fā)生、結(jié)束或完成。過去進(jìn)行時表示某一時刻或過去某一段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動作的持續(xù)性。 I first met Lisa thre

14、e years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.比較Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三213、過去進(jìn)行時可用來描繪事情發(fā)生的背景。即：過去某時A動作正在進(jìn)行，B動作在A動作進(jìn)行的過程中發(fā)生了，A動作就是B動作發(fā)生的背景。如：It was a dark night.The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily.A stranger came out from behind a st

15、reet.比較Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三22下面幾種情況不用一般過去時而要用過去進(jìn)行時：1.表示過去某一階段暫時性的習(xí)慣動作時。如：Tom was getting up at six oclock every day that week.湯姆那一周里每天都是六點鐘起床。比較Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三232.與always連用表示贊美，厭煩等感情色彩時。如：John was always coming to school

16、late.約翰上學(xué)總是遲到。Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people.雷鋒總是為人民做好事。比較Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三243.用來描寫故事發(fā)生的情景時。如：It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cros

17、s the river.那是一個漆黑的夜晚，風(fēng)刮得很厲害，雨下得很大，一個解放軍戰(zhàn)士突然出現(xiàn)在河岸上，他想過河去。比較Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三254. when作并列連詞，表示“（這時）突然”之意時，第一個并列分句用過去進(jìn)行時，when引導(dǎo)的并列分句用一般過去時。如：I was taking a walk when I met him.我正在散步，突然遇見了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain.我們正在外邊玩，這時下起雨來了。比較Present s

18、imple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三265.go, come, leave, start, arrive等動詞可用過去進(jìn)行時表示過去將來的含義。如：I was leaving for Wuhan that day.那天我正要去武漢。She was coming later.她隨后就來。比較Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三271. (07北京）It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.Oh,

19、 dont mention it. I _ past your house anyway.was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come2. (06安徽) I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident Awent; was occurring Bwent; occurredCwas going; occurred Dwas going; had occurred練習(xí)Present simple tense & Past continuous tense202

20、1/8/11 星期三283. (06北京) Where did you put the car keys? Oh, I _ I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I _ in.A. remembered; come B. remembered; was comingC. remember; come D. remember; was coming4.(07四川) Did you see a man in black pass by just now? No, sir. I _ a newspaper. A. read B. was

21、reading C. would read D. am reading練習(xí)Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三295. (08安徽) -Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?Yes, I did. You know, my brother _ in the match.is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played6. (08四川) The telephone _, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung練習(xí)Present simple tense & Past continuous tense202