高中英語選擇性必修二 UnitSCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSSectionAReadingandThinking課件

1、Unit 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航晨讀晚誦素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航晨讀晚誦Florence Nightingale Told Us to Wash Hands A new exhibition celebrates the life of Florence Nightingale,an English woman whose ideas about cleanliness are important to this day.The exhibit can be seen at the Florence Nightingale Museum at St Thomas Hospit

2、al in London.It marks the 200th anniversary of Nightingales birth.The exhibit tells the story of how she overcame difficulties to become the worlds most famous nurse.The show recreates her bedroom,lets visitors hear a recording of her voice and even smell the perfume she wore.素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航晨讀晚誦 Fiona Hibberts

3、 is a nursing consultant and works for the hospitals Nightingale Academy.She described Nightingales work as “really,really important” to future generations.“Obviously,she was a forceful leader,”Hibberts said.“And we need clear,visible,strong leadership today and certainly in modern nursing.” The exh

4、ibition,called “Nightingale in 200 Objects,People & Places,”will continue for a year. St Thomas is one of a small number of hospitals in Britain with an area for the treatment of coronavirus patients.素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航晨讀晚誦 “The emphasis on sanitation(衛(wèi)生設(shè)備),good hygiene(衛(wèi)生),fresh air,exercise,good food.no matter h

5、ow much we advance,those fundamental principles of Florence are still very much the basis of modern nursing,”Hibberts noted.“Its the same old message.Wash your hands.” Nightingale became world famous after she and a small team of medical workers traveled to modern-day Istanbul during the Crimean War

6、.It was fought mainly on the Crimean Peninsula in the middle of the 1850s.素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航晨讀晚誦 Nightingale helped treat British soldiers wounded in the fighting.In an unclean hospital,she saws thousands of soldiers die from infectious diseases.Their deaths led to her decision to try to improve conditions. The l

7、amp she used when visiting patients at night is on show at the exhibition,as is the nurses uniform she created. Yvonne Moores is Chair of the Florence Nightingale Foundation and Britains former national Chief Nursing Officer.“If Florence Nightingale herself were here,she would be supporting all that

8、s being said at the moment.She was absolutely into infection control,hand washing,being very observant,”she said.素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航晨讀晚誦詞海拾貝anniversary n.周年紀念日recreate vt.再現(xiàn)perfume n.香水consultant n.顧問infectious adj.傳染的absolutely adv.絕對地素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航晨讀晚誦典句欣賞If Florence Nightingale herself were here,she would be supporting a

9、ll thats being said at the moment.譯文:如果弗洛倫斯南丁格爾本人在這里的話,她也會支持此刻所說的一切。分析:she would be supporting all是主句,thats being said at the moment是定語從句,If Florence Nightingale herself were here是條件狀語從句。素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航晨讀晚誦探究思辨1.When do you think Florence Nightingale was born?2.What else do you know about Florence Nightingale?

10、答案:1.She was born in 1820.2.She is known as “The Lady with the Lamp”.She was a pioneer of modern nursing,a writer and a noted statistician.Section AReading and Thinking.知識體系圖解 重點詞匯 1.cholera n.2.diarrhoea n.3.dehydration n.4.contradictory adj. 5.germ n.6.pump n.7.household n. 8.raw adj. 9.pure adj.

11、霍亂 腹瀉脫水相互矛盾的;對立的;不一致的微生物;細菌;病菌泵;抽水機;打氣筒一家人;家庭;同住一所(套)房子的人未煮的;生的;未經(jīng)處理的;原始的干凈的;純的;純粹的10.statistic n.pl. 11.epidemiology n.12. adj.極為惡劣的;十分嚴重的;嚴厲的13. adj.懊惱的;沮喪的;失意的14. vt.使感染;傳染 n.感染;傳染15. vt.認購(股份);定期訂購;定期交納(會費)16. n.證據(jù);證明;檢驗17. adj.數(shù)量多的;多種多樣的18. vt.&vi.懷疑;疑有;不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑對象19. vt.把歸咎于;責怪;指責n.責備;指責統(tǒng)計

12、數(shù)字;統(tǒng)計資料;統(tǒng)計學流行病學severefrustratedinfectinfectionsubscribeproofmultiplesuspectblame20. n.把手;拉手;柄vt.處理;搬動;操縱(車輛、動物、工具等)21. n.介入;出面;干涉22. n.聯(lián)系;紐帶vt.把連接起來;相關(guān)聯(lián)23. adj.大量的;價值巨大的;重大的24. n.減少;降低;減少量vt.&vi.(使大小、數(shù)量等)減少;減小;降低25. vt.使改觀;使改變形態(tài)vi.改變;轉(zhuǎn)變26. n.顯微鏡handleinterventionlinksubstantialdecreasetransformmicro

13、scope重點短語1. 最終地;徹底地2. 同意;贊同3. 幸虧;由于4. 水泵5. 照料;照顧6.die from 7.give birth 8.in general 9.find out 10.as a result of.once and for allsubscribe tothanks towater pumpattend to死于分娩一般來說查明由于重點句式1.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.

14、2.The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.閱讀導(dǎo)學A.閱讀P2P3課文,根據(jù)事件發(fā)生的先后順序排序。()John Snow began to test two theories.()An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.()John Snow marked the deaths on a map.()He announced that the water carrie

15、d the disease.()John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.()King Cholera was defeated.()He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.()He had the handle removed from the water pump.21537486B.根據(jù)P2P3課文內(nèi)容,選擇正確答案。1.Why did John Snow become frustrated?A.An outbreak

16、of cholera hit Europe.B.Nobody knew how to prevent or treat cholera.C.Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases.D.He had to attend to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.2.How did John Snow do the research?A.By using maps and statistics.B.By drinking the water himself.C.By questioning the pa

17、tients.D.By experimenting with himself.答案:B答案:A3.Why had some households had no deaths?A.Beer was a cure for the disease.B.They lived far away from the water pump.C.They had not drunk the water from the pump.D.They worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.4.How did John Snow stop the people from usin

18、g the water from the pump?A.By telling people that the water was polluted.B.By asking water companies to sell pure water.C.By removing the handle of the water pump.D.By drinking more free beer.答案:C答案:C重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習1.Snow subscribed to the second theory.斯諾贊同第二種理論?！驹~匯精講】subscribe vt.認購(股份);定期訂購;定期交納(會費

19、);同意;捐助She subscribes to an environmental action group.她定期給一個環(huán)境行動小組交會費。The magazine is trying to get more readers to subscribe.該雜志正大力發(fā)展更多新訂戶。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】subscribe to訂閱subscribe to the view/theory同意觀點/理論subscribe for預(yù)定;認購How many shares did you subscribe for the new company?你在這家新公司認購了多少股?I plan

20、ned to subscribe to many magazines.我計劃訂閱許多雜志。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習2.Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.斯諾懷疑水泵是元兇。【詞匯精講1】suspect vt.&vi.懷疑;疑有;不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine.我懷疑引擎出毛病了。Shes not going to be very happy about this,I suspect

21、.我懷疑她會因為這個不高興的。Police have issued a photograph of the suspect.警方已經(jīng)發(fā)布了犯罪嫌疑人的照片。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】suspect sb/sth of.懷疑某人/某事suspect sb of doing.懷疑某人做Pilcher was suspected of giving away the companys secrets to others.皮爾徹涉嫌將公司的秘密泄露給他人。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【詞匯精講2】blame vt.把歸咎于;責怪;指責n.責備;指責You shouldnt

22、 blame this accident on him;after all its not up to him to make the decision.你不該把這次事故歸咎于他,畢竟不是他一個人決定的。Youve failed to do what you were expected to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.你沒做成期望你做的事,我擔心老師會責備你。You cant expect Terry to take all the blame.你不能指望特里承擔所有的責任。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】(1)blame sb/st

23、h for sth因而責備某人/某物blame sth on sb把某事怪到某人頭上(2)get/take the blame for.為承擔責任lay/put the blame on sb/sth把某事歸咎于某人/某物(3)be to blame(for)應(yīng)受指責Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning,and put the blame on the alarm clock.許多人發(fā)現(xiàn)早上起床很難,并把責任歸咎于鬧鐘。Dont always blame your own failure on others.Sometimes

24、 you yourself are to blame.不要總把自己的失敗歸咎于他人。有時該怪的是你自己。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【溫馨提示】be to blame for sth意為“應(yīng)為某事負責或受指責”,其中不定式用主動形式表示被動含義。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習3.Accordingly,he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.因此,他把水泵的把手取下來了,以便無法用水?！驹~匯精講】handle n.把手;拉手;柄vt.處理;搬動;操縱(車輛、動物、工具等)The man

25、gave me a knife with a carved wooden handle.那人給了我一把有雕刻木柄的刀。There are several ways to handle things.有幾種方法可以處理事情。Computers can handle huge amounts of data.電腦可以處理大量的數(shù)據(jù)。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習4.Moreover,Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies

26、in London.此外,斯諾后來能夠表明其他霍亂病例和倫敦不同的自來水公司之間的聯(lián)系?！驹~匯精講】link n.聯(lián)系;紐帶vt.把連接起來;相關(guān)聯(lián)To understand this concept,we look at the link between law and ethics.要理解這一概念,我們先看一下法律和倫理之間的聯(lián)系。The crowd linked arms to form a barrier.群眾臂挽著臂組成人墻。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】link up(with)連接;結(jié)合link.with/to.把與連接;聯(lián)系The hearts of the people

27、 of all the nationalities are linked to each other.我國各族人民心連心。Is he the man who had different sections of the walls linked up?是不是他讓人把城墻各個部分連接起來的?重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習5.Through Snows tireless efforts,water companies began to sell clean water,and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substant

28、ial decrease.通過斯諾的不懈努力,自來水公司開始銷售清潔用水,世界各地霍亂的威脅大幅減少?！驹~匯精講】decrease n.減少;降低;減少量vt.&vi.(使大小、數(shù)量等)減少;減小;降低There has been a steady decrease of temperature.溫度在穩(wěn)步下降。Due to the strict traffic regulations on drunk driving,the number of accidents from it has greatly decreased.由于對酒后駕駛的嚴格的交通法規(guī),酒后駕駛導(dǎo)致的事故的數(shù)量大大減少了。

29、重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習We have decreased our involvement in childrens books.我們減少了對兒童讀物的參與?！驹~匯拓展】decrease to減少到decrease by減少了on the decrease在減少Average house prices decreased by 13% last year.去年房子的平均價格下降了13%。The number of students going abroad for further study is on the decrease nowadays.當下去國外繼續(xù)深造的學生數(shù)量在不斷減少。重點詞

30、匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習6.Fortunately,we now know how to prevent cholera,thanks to the work of John Snow.幸運的是,由于約翰斯諾的工作,我們現(xiàn)在知道了如何預(yù)防霍亂。【詞匯精講】thanks to幸虧;由于Thanks to your hard work,we can finish the task ahead of schedule.多虧了你的努力工作,我們能提前完成任務(wù)。Thanks to modern science and technology,people lead a more and

31、more comfortable and rich life.多虧了現(xiàn)代科技,人們的生活越來越舒適、越來越富裕。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】表示“因為;由于”的短語due to由于;因為because of由于;因為on account of由于owing to由于;因為as a result of由于的結(jié)果重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習7.Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.斯諾改變了科學家研究疾病的方式?！驹~匯精講】transform vt.使改觀;使改變形態(tài)vi.改變;轉(zhuǎn)變

32、It was an event that would transform my life.那是能夠改變我生活的一件事。A fresh coat of paint can transform a room beyond recognition.新涂的一層油漆可以使房間煥然一新。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】o.使變成o.把從變成It is a surprise that the city has been transformed from a small town into a modern industrial center

33、in recent ten years.真令人驚奇,在近十年中這個城市由一個小鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)轉(zhuǎn)變成了一個現(xiàn)代化的工業(yè)中心。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習1.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.這位婦女似乎非常喜歡水泵的水,所以她每天都讓人把水送到她家。【句式剖析】本句是一個復(fù)合句。It seemed是主句,that the woman liked.是表語從句,so.that.引

34、導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句,在結(jié)果狀語從句中,had it delivered是“have+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),由于it和deliver有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞形式作賓語補足語。There is something wrong with my watch and I must have it repaired.我的表壞了,我必須找人修理一下。I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天理發(fā)了。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【句式拓展】“have+賓語+過去分詞形式”的用法(1)表示請(讓)別人做某事Can I have this parcel weighed here?我可以

35、在這兒稱一下這個包裹嗎?(2)表示經(jīng)歷或遭遇了某事He had his finger cut this morning.今天早晨他把手指割破了。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習(3)表示主動地完成某動作或解決某事I have had all my mistakes corrected.我把所有的錯誤都改正了。(4)表示容忍或允許做某事(用于否定句,尤其與wont,cant 等連用)。We wont have anything said against the teacher.我們不允許有人這樣攻擊老師。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習2.The people who drank thi

36、s water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.喝這種水的人比喝純凈水或白開水的人更容易得霍亂?！揪涫狡饰觥勘揪涫且粋€復(fù)合句。句中兩個who引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,分別修飾the people和those。be likely to do意為“可能做”。The price is likely to go down because of the competition.由于競爭,價格可能會下降。You are likely to suffer from bad health if

37、 you keep smoking.如果繼續(xù)吸煙,你的身體健康會受到損害。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習【句式拓展】(1)Its likely that.很可能(2)unlikely adj.不大可能發(fā)生的be unlikely to.不可能It is likely that they can understand us better and give us some reasonable advice.他們很可能更理解我們并給我們一些合理的建議。Its most unlikely that shell arrive before seven.她極不可能在七點前到達?！緶剀疤崾尽坑⒄Z中有“It is

38、 likely that.”和“sb/sth be likely to do sth”的用法,但沒有“It is likely for sb/sth to do sth”的用法。重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式隨堂練習.課文語法填空John Snow,a well-known doctor in London,became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people who (expose) to cholera,a deadly disease of its day. (thousand) of people died every ti