高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修二 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Period 3 Discovering useful structures 學(xué)案（原卷版）

1、Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Period3 Discovering useful structures復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句導(dǎo)學(xué)案1. to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. to systematize

2、the function and usage of noun clause.1: 從課文中找出更多的名詞性從句，對(duì)其進(jìn)行歸納，總結(jié)其語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)。_語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn):_2:劃出以下講義中例句的名詞性從句，并口頭翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。 (一)主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句是指在句中作主語(yǔ)的從句，位置與陳述句的主語(yǔ)相同。Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now. 名師點(diǎn)津若主語(yǔ)部分結(jié)構(gòu)較長(zhǎng)，可以使用形式主語(yǔ)it，把真正的主語(yǔ)從句放于后面。That she will do well in her exam is certain.It is certain that

3、she will do well in her exam. How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.That he had met a kind librarian in the city library gave us no surprise.Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.What he had said surprised everyone present.It see

4、med that he had donated all his money to those in need. (二)賓語(yǔ)從句Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter. She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.I dont know where I can place my luggage We discussed whether we should use the money to buy a

5、new house.Im not certain whether the train will arrive on time.注意：形容詞后跟賓語(yǔ)從句的用法只限于少數(shù)動(dòng)態(tài)形容詞，如sure(確信)，certain(肯定)，afraid(擔(dān)心)，confident(有把握的)等。注意(1)賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移：think、believe、suppose、 imagine等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定詞要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式。I dont think we need to waste much time on it.。(形式上否定主句，實(shí)際上還是否定從句)(2

6、)“doubt賓語(yǔ)從句”的應(yīng)用。肯定句中用whether或if，否定句和疑問(wèn)句中用that。I doubt whether he can pass the exam. I dont doubt that he can pass the exam. Do you doubt that he can pass the exam? (三)表語(yǔ)從句1表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)，出現(xiàn)在連系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)從句”。2表語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，從句表達(dá)的是主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。The fact is that he didnt notice the car until too late.

7、3主句的主語(yǔ)是名詞idea、advice、suggestion、order、request、requirement等時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”。My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of setting it aside.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.This is because about s

8、eventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.名詞性從句連接詞(一)that、whether和if1連接詞thatthat引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，本身無(wú)意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分。但是that在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般不能省略。例如：That he suddenly fell ill made us surprised.。The fact is that we are behind other groups.在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常被省略；但是以下兩種情況除外：(1)多個(gè)并列從句出現(xiàn)時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可以省略，其他的不能省略。She said

9、(that) she would come here and that I should wait for her till Monday. (2)含有形式主語(yǔ)it時(shí)，放于后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不能省略that。They made it clear to the public that they did an important and necessary job.2連接詞whether和if(1)連接詞whether/if在從句中意為“是否”，不充當(dāng)成分，一般不能省略。(2)在主語(yǔ)從句中位于句首時(shí)只能用whether；當(dāng)用it作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)，whether與if都可以。Whether he passe

10、d the exam was not certain.It was not certain whether/if he passed the exam. (3)表語(yǔ)從句中常用whether。The question is whether we should ask them for help. (4)賓語(yǔ)從句中連接詞whether和if常?？梢曰Q。I wonder whether/if hell agree with me. 點(diǎn)津賓語(yǔ)從句中用whether不用if的三種情況：(1)與or not連用We dont know whether Tom will turn up at the me

11、eting or not. (2)位于介詞之后Everything depends on whether you are for it. (3)位于動(dòng)詞不定式之前I dont know whether to believe him. (二)連接代詞what、 which、who、whom和whose連接代詞what、which、who、whom和whose在從句中的意義分別為“所”“哪一個(gè)”“誰(shuí)”“誰(shuí)”“誰(shuí)的”；在從句中起代詞的作用，可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。Thats what we have said.(作賓語(yǔ)) Do you know which of the boys was lat

12、e? (作主語(yǔ)) Who will come to give the talk is known to us all.(作主語(yǔ)) The problem is whom the headmaster will send to deal with it.(作賓語(yǔ)) Do you know whose Tshirt it is？(作定語(yǔ))點(diǎn)津連接代詞what、 which的區(qū)別：which引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需要限定一個(gè)有限的、較小的范圍，而what指在一個(gè)較廣的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇或者根本沒(méi)有范圍。Which of the boys broke the window is already known.I d

13、ont know what books the children can read.(三)連接副詞when、where、why和howwhen意為“何時(shí)”，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；where意為“哪里”，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；how意為“如何”，在從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)；why意為“為什么”，在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。When well set off for home hasnt been decided yet. That was where I spent my holiday. Nobody knew how she got the prize. This is why we put off the m

14、eeting. (四)復(fù)合連接詞whatever、whichever、whoever和whomever連接代詞whatever、whichever、whoever和whomever在從句中的意義分別為“無(wú)論什么” “無(wú)論哪一個(gè)” “無(wú)論誰(shuí)” “無(wú)論誰(shuí)”；在從句中起代詞的作用，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。Whatever I have is at your service. Ill take whichever picture you dont want. Whoever breaks the law should be punished. Whomever you invite will be we

15、lcome. 名師點(diǎn)津(1)whatever、whichever、who(m)ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；no matter what、no matter which、no matter who(m)只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Whichever/No matter which dictionary you want to buy, Ill pay for it.無(wú) (2)wherever (no matter where); whenever (no matter when); however (no matter how)一般引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。However/No matte

16、r how tough the problem may be, Ill work it out by myself.三：背過(guò)以下常用句型。it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句(一)主語(yǔ)從句中以it作形式主語(yǔ)的四種常用句型1It 不及物動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式從句It seems that .好像是It happened that . 碰巧It follows that . 由此可見(jiàn)It has turned out that . 結(jié)果2Itbe及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞從句It is said that . 據(jù)說(shuō)It is reported that . 據(jù)報(bào)道It is believed that . 人們認(rèn)

17、為It is hoped that . 大家希望It has been proved that . 已證明3Itbe名詞(詞組)從句It is a fact that . 事實(shí)是It is good news that . 是好消息。It is a question that . 是個(gè)問(wèn)題。It is common knowledge that . 是常識(shí)。It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health.吸煙危害健康，這是事實(shí)。4Itbe形容詞從句It is necessary that . 有必要It is clear that . 很清楚It

18、 is (un)likely that . 很(不太)可能It is important that . 重要的是 (二)賓語(yǔ)從句中以it作形式賓語(yǔ)的兩種常用句型1帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))的句子，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常移到句子后面，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。We think it possible that you can finish the work today.我們認(rèn)為你今天能夠完成這項(xiàng)工作。2表示喜歡、憎惡等心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)后習(xí)慣上先跟一個(gè)形式賓語(yǔ)it，再接賓語(yǔ)從句。如：hate、enjoy、dislike、love、dont mind、feel like、appreciate、rely on、count on、see to、take (認(rèn)為)、owe等。四：鞏固練習(xí)。A.翻譯句子?？雌饋?lái)他們會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)比賽。有人建議會(huì)議應(yīng)當(dāng)延期。我討厭他們滿嘴食物時(shí)說(shuō)話。我認(rèn)為每天多喝開(kāi)水是有必要的。B.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1To start with, _I intend to stress is