句子成分講解-完整版PPT

1、句 子 成 分(9種)一、主語(yǔ)：表示句子描述的是“誰(shuí)”或是“什么”，是謂語(yǔ)陳述的對(duì)象；常由 名、代、數(shù)、 動(dòng)名、不定式、從句擔(dān)任。 A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. Who is speaking, please? Two will be enough. Living in that island country for three months was an unforgettable experience for me. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man hea

2、lthy, happy and wise. Whether well go depends on the weather. _ 二.謂語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，一般放在主語(yǔ)之后。謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成如下：1、簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。如：He practices running every morning.We study English.2、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：（1）由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系動(dòng)詞加表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。 如：

3、We are students.三、表語(yǔ)：表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征，狀態(tài)、身份，與系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。常由形容詞，名詞，副詞，代詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，分詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，從句等充當(dāng)。Thats something we have always to keep in mind. She was the first to learn about it. My job is teaching. All I could do was send him a telegram. We must be off now. They are twice the size of chickens. My idea is t

4、hat we should stick to our original plan._ _四、賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或介詞后的內(nèi)容。由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式、從句等擔(dān)任。包括直接賓語(yǔ)（動(dòng)作的承受者）和間接賓語(yǔ)（動(dòng)作對(duì)誰(shuí)或?yàn)檎l(shuí)）。 They didnt promise him anything definite. How many do you want? We need two. Pay attention to uniting and working with comrades who differ with you. Learn to play the piano. Ill get it

5、 repaired. Did you write down what she said? -_-_五、定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾或限定名詞或代詞. 常由形容詞，名詞，代詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，分詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，從句等充當(dāng)。 1. His words moved everyone present. 2. We belong to the third world. 3. We must live up to the Partys expectations. 4. There are two things to be discussed today. 5. a man of good temper - -六、狀語(yǔ)：修

6、飾動(dòng)、形、副、或整個(gè)句子。常由 副詞.介詞短語(yǔ),不定式,分詞,形容詞,復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).從句擔(dān)任。 They were greatly touched to hear the old mans story. (副詞) They did everything they could to save the boys life. (不定式) I said it in fun. (介詞短語(yǔ)) They returned , tired and hungry. (形容詞) We are working day and night。(詞組) Seeing this, some students became ve

7、ry worried. (分詞) He entered the room, with a book in his hand. (復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)) _七、 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)用的。常由形、名、代、數(shù)，介詞短語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞，不定式，副詞等擔(dān)任。 1. We elected him monitor. 2. He was elected monitor. 3. We made them very happy 4.Let him in / out. 5.With his legs crossed, he is sitting on the ground. 6.He asked me to sing a song in English. 7.Last night, I hear a baby crying._八.同位語(yǔ):對(duì)前面的名或代做進(jìn)一步的解釋。常由名詞，從句充當(dāng)。1. This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster.2.His teachers suggestion that he leave for the