高二（下）選修八 Unit 5 Reading111 課件

1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestorsReading 選修八Do you know about Zhoukou Dian? Where is it? What is famous for?It is on the Longgu Mountain, Fangshan District, Beijing. It is famous for Peking Man, a complete skull (頭蓋骨) of an ape-man (猿人) dating back 600,000 years.Pre-reading北京人頭蓋骨化石北京猿人復原圖Zhoukoudian Cav

2、es 1933年北京市房山縣 周口店龍骨山山頂洞出土。 骨針長8.2厘米,孔徑 0.31-0.33厘米。這是 中國已發(fā)現(xiàn)的時代最早的骨針之一,其針身保存完好,針孔處破裂,針尖銳利,表面有刮磨痕跡。針孔是用尖狀器刮挖而成。骨 針What objects are used by the primitive people?12345678910Archaeologists study early people by examining the objects they used. Look at the pictures in the reading passage and think about

3、what kind of life Peking Man lived? Did they suffer from cold, starvation or disease? Make a tentative guess about what Peking Man may have done and used thousands of years ago. Compare their life with ours today. Then read the passage to see how accurate you were. Modern peoplePeking ManPlace for l

4、ivingFurnitureEntertain-mentFoodClothingstone, wooden or brick housecavewooden, special for each roomTV, sport, films, hobbies,education, job, Internet family get togetherfruit, vegetables, meat and fish, etcnatural food, such as nuts and fruits.natural and man-made fibresskins, leavesnatural furnit

5、ure made of stone orwood. Listen to the text and try to get the main idea of the text1. The main idea of the text is about the _ of our earliest people in the Zhoukoudian Caves. A. life and habits B. food and clothing C. homes and fishing D. farming and huntingReading A Choose the best answer. 2. Th

6、rough the conversation, everything about our earliest people is mentioned EXCEPT _ . A. homesB. tools C. dress D. entertainment3. Our earliest people in the Zhoukoudian Caves kept themselves warm by _. A. working B. fighting C. making fires D. huntingD C 4. Evidence has showed that the earliest peop

7、le in the Caves used _ to make clothes according to the conversation. A. leaves B. tree skins C. animal skins D. cotton5. From the conversation we can infer that the earliest people in the Caves were very _. A. busy and rich B. idle and lazy C. clever and hard working D. stupid and cruelC C 1. What

8、animals were their most dangerous enemies? Tigers and bears were their most dangerous enemies.Work in pairs :Scanning: answer the following questions and discuss with your partner .2. How did they make clothes?Their clothes were made from animal _. They used _stone tools to_ the animals and _ their

9、skin. Then smaller _ were used to clean the fat and meat from them. They had to _ an ample amount of salt inside the skin to make it _ enough. finally, they would have cut it and _the pieces together with _ made of animal bones.skinssharpenedscrapersrubcut upremovesoftsewnneedles3. What can we learn

10、 about the necklace they wore?Some of the necklace beads were made of animal _ but some were made of _, which tell us that all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. Perhaps there was _ between early people or they traveled to the seaside on their journeys.bonesshellstrade W

11、ork in groups Read the text carefully and answer the following question.You can discuss with your partners.1. Why have the English students come to the Zhoukoudian caves? The students want to find out about how early people lived. There are no such sites in England while the Zhoukoudian caves provid

12、e an excellent example of a site where early people lived. 2. Where did early people live?3. How did early people keep warm? Early people lived in caves. They used fur from animals for clothes and had fires burning all winter.4. What did they use for doors?5. What did they eat? The archaeologist thi

13、nks they may have used animal skins.They ate animal meat, such as tigers and bears, and fish from the lake nearby. They also picked fruit when it was ripe.語法填空A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves_a visit and_archaeologist is showing them round. The archaeogists _(excava

14、te)here for many years. After _(find)human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects,they think it is_(reason) to assume some of the earliest people lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. They have discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves_th

15、ey made fires. Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes made from animal skins. The archaeologist also shows the students a primitive necklace_(preserve) quite well. It seems that our ancestors knew how to make _(they) look much_(pretty). Indeed, as the botanical analyses have_(spe

16、cial) shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside on their journeys.Check your answersA group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit and an archaeologist i

17、s showing them round. The archaeogists have been excavating (excavate)here for many years. After finding (find)human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects,they think it is reasonable (reason) to assume some of the earliest people lived in these caves,

18、regardless of the cold. They have discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires. Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes made from animal skins. The archaeologist also shows the students a primitive necklace preserved (preserve) quite well. It seems that o

19、ur ancestors knew how to make themselves(they) look much prettier(pretty). Indeed, as the botanical analyses have specially(special) shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside on their j

20、ourneys.SummaryAfter learning this text,our students can tell the differences between modern people and Peking man.And we have learnt how Peking man lived their lives.HomeworkTextbook P40 :Do exercise1,2,3Review the words of this unitTry to retell this textThank You!Do you think it is important for

21、us to know about Zhoukoudian caves? Why?Zhoukoudian Caves were formally inscribed (記入) on the “World Heritage List” in December 1987 at the eleventh session of UNESCO World Heritage Committee. The inscription of the Peking Man Site Summary on the World Heritage List confirms the exceptional and univ

22、ersal value of the cultural site, which requires protection for the benefit of all humanity. The site is therefore not only of China, but also of the world as a whole.1. You must be aware that its here that weve found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world. 想必你們知

23、道, 正是在這兒我們找到了居住 在世界這個部分最早人類的證據(jù)。 1) You must be aware that主句后接由 強調(diào)句和定語從句組成的賓語從句。 must是作為情態(tài)動詞表示肯定推測, 譯作“一定, 肯定”, 只用于肯定推測。 對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵧茰y, 用 “must do”。Language pointsYou must be hungry after a long walk 走了很長的路, 你一定很餓。對正發(fā)生或進行的事進行推測, 用“must be doing”。The light is on. He must be doing his homework now. 燈亮著, 他

24、一定正在做作業(yè)。對過去的事進行推測, 用“must have done”。The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. 地是濕的, 昨晚一定下雨了。此時, 應注意反意疑問句的構(gòu)成。如果句中有表示過去的時間狀語, 反意疑問句用“didnt +主語”; 如果句中無表示過去的時間狀語, 反義疑問句用 “havent/hasnt+主語”。He must have arrived here last night, didnt he? 他一定昨晚就來這兒了, 不是嗎?He must have arrived here, hasnt he?他一定來這兒

25、了, 不是嗎?2) aware adj意識到的, 知道的 通常用作表語 We should be aware that a lot of animals are becoming endangered我們必須清楚地認識到許多動物正瀕臨滅絕的危險。be aware of sth. 知道; 意識到Though most smokers are aware of the dangers of smoking, they wont give up. 3) its here that weve 是強調(diào)句, 其基本句式是It is (was)+被強調(diào)部分+that (who)+句子其他部分, 此結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)的

26、成分僅限于主語、賓語和狀語。It was your mother whom I met in the street我在街上碰到的是你的母親。 It was in the street that I met your mother. 我是在街上碰到你母親的。It was she who had been wrong. 錯的是她。It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters. A. That B. what C. which D. this本題強調(diào)主語, 此時應用that來引導。4) “Who lived in this part of

27、the world”是定語從句修飾先行詞 people。people在定語從句作主語, 故用關系代詞who來引導定語從句。A 2. Im sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? 很抱歉打擾你, 我想問問他們是怎么在這里 生活的？1) 句型“Im sorry.but.”是口語中委婉的表達, “but”表示語義上的轉(zhuǎn)折。- Are you free this weekend?- Im sorry, but l have lots of work to do- 周末有空嗎?- 對不起, 我有大量的事要做。2) interrupt vt

28、. & vi. 打斷; 中斷別打擾他, 他還沒完成呢。_, for he hasnt finished yet. 他的學習由于戰(zhàn)爭而中斷。His studies _.打岔; 插嘴It is rude to interrupt.“Dont interrupt,” he said.Dont interrupt himwere interrupted by the war區(qū)別: interrupt 和disturbinterrupt v. 打擾, 打斷, 阻礙。常有 “使停止(中斷)”的意思。His speech was constantly interrupted by applause. dis

29、turb v. 打擾, 妨礙。常指失去了正常的狀態(tài)或?qū)е吕щy產(chǎn)生。Bad dreams disturbed her sleep.3. We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and ornaments. 我們在山的比較高的洞穴里發(fā)現(xiàn)了動物和人類的骨頭以及工具和裝飾品。as well as 1) conj. as well as 可以用來連接兩個相同的成分, 如：名詞、形容詞、動詞、 介詞, 通常不位于句首。意為“不但而且”。2) prep. 相當于beside

30、s, in addition to，意為“除之外”, 后面通常接名詞或動詞。As well as eating five course meals, they drank two bottles of wine.She sings as well as playing the piano. Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance. 4. So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold 因此我們有理由認為他

31、們不顧寒冷住在這些 洞穴里。 1) regardless of 不管; 不顧 He climbed the building, regardless of the danger. 不管有多危險, 他還是爬上了大廈。 in spite of We will persevere regardless of past failures. 盡管以前我們失敗過, 但仍要堅持下去。2) assume vt. 假定; 設想 科學家們設想月球上沒有動物。 _ that there are no animals on the moon.裝作 她裝出一副吃驚的樣子。 She _.擔任, 承擔 我來承擔責任。 I

32、_. The scientists assumeassumed a look of surpriseassumed the responsibilityAssume 后多跟名詞, 賓語+ to be + n. / adj.that 從句。Assuming 放在句首, 表一種猜測。e.g. Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 假如明天下雨, 我們該做什么呢？擴展: assumption n. make an assumption5. That would have kept them warm, cooked the food and sc

33、ared wild animals away as well. 他們用這火取暖、做飯, 還能用火嚇跑野獸。 1) would 表示猜測, 譯為“想必”、 “肯定會” 如果汽車當時翻到懸崖下, 他們早就喪命了。 _ if the car had gone over the cliff.They would have been killed2) keep them warm為keep+賓語+賓語補足語的結(jié)構(gòu)意為 “使處于某種狀態(tài)(情況)”。用作賓語補足語常見的詞有現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞以及介詞短語。He kept me waiting for half an hour.Keep your

34、 mouth shut and your eyes open.6. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. 我們一直在挖掘一層層的積灰, 幾乎有六米厚, 這說明他們可能整個冬季都在燒火。 1) have been excavating 現(xiàn)在完成進行時, 意思是一直在挖, 表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直不間斷地進行到現(xiàn)在, 強調(diào)動作的繼續(xù)。I have been looking f

35、or my lost book for three days, but I still havent found it我已經(jīng)找了三天我丟的書, 但仍沒找到。She has been sweeping the street all day. She is too tired. 她一整天都在掃大街, 她太累了。We have been waiting for you for two hours. We dont want to wait any longer. 我們已經(jīng)等你兩個小時了, 不想再等了。2) 句中 “ which” 用來引導非限制性定語從句, 先行詞為其前的句子。3) suggest

36、vt. to make evident indirectly; imply 意為“暗示, 意味, 表明” Her pale face suggests that she was ill. 她蒼白的臉色表明她病了。 The handwriting of the letter suggests that the letter might be from a lady 從書信的字體上看, 寫信人是一位女性。A silence suggested disapproval.沉默暗示著反對。His face suggests he is happy now從他臉上能看出他現(xiàn)在很幸福。His bad man

37、ners suggest a lack of family education他的無禮反映了他缺乏家教。但當suggest作“建議”講時, 其用法為:suggest+doingI suggest her going home at once我建議她馬上回家。suggest+(that) should doI suggested (that) she (should) go home at once.我建議她要馬上回家。-How do you _ we go to Beijing for our holidays?-I think wed better fly there. Its much m

38、ore comfortable. A. insist B. want C. suppose D. suggestD 4) might have doneA: Where was your sister? I didnt see her at the partyB: She might have gone swimming with some friendsA: 你姐姐上哪兒去了? 聚會時我沒見到她。B: 她可能和朋友游泳去了。 7. sharpen vt. 使鋒利，尖銳；使強烈 The knife needs sharpening. The tone of his letters has sh

39、arpened recently. sharp adj. 鋒利的, 尖銳的; 急轉(zhuǎn)的, 陡峭; 突然的, 急劇 a sharp turn 急轉(zhuǎn)彎 a sharp increase 急劇增加8. cut up 切碎工人將木頭劈碎。_. 早期人類用石器切割動物。Early man _ animals.cup down 砍倒; 削減cut away 切掉; 剪掉; 跑開cut in 插嘴; 突然插入; 超車cut off 切斷, 斷絕cut through 刺穿; 抄近路通過The worker cut up the woodused stone tools to cut up9. Yes and

40、so well preserved 還保存得如此完好。 這是省略的句子, 完整句應是: and it is so well preserved (it指necklace) preserve vt. 1) 保存; 保護; 收藏e.g. You can preserve meat or fish in salt. 你可以用鹽來保存肉或魚。2) 保持; 維持e.g. It is one of the duties of the police to preservepublic order. 警察的職責之一是維持公共秩序。相關短語:preserve sb./ sth. 保護某人/保存某物preserve sth. (for sth.) 保存/保留某物以preserve sb. (from sb./ sth.) 保護某人以免preservation n.10. Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have been specifically showing us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake確實, 正如植物學分析具體顯示給我們的那樣, 附近所有的土地都曾是大型淺湖的一部分。 as引導的非限制性定語從句常譯作“正如 那樣”。 As the