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1、3.初中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)概括總結(jié)比較表3.初中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)概括總結(jié)比較表10/103.初中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)概括總結(jié)比較表初中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)概括總結(jié)比較表名用法稱一1.此刻的狀態(tài)般2.常常性或習(xí)現(xiàn)慣性的動(dòng)作在3.主語(yǔ)具備的時(shí)性格或能力一1.過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存般在的狀態(tài)過(guò)過(guò)去常?;蛉ヮl頻發(fā)生的動(dòng)時(shí)作未來(lái)某時(shí)間一要發(fā)生的動(dòng)或般存在的狀態(tài)將未來(lái)常?;騺?lái)頻頻發(fā)生的時(shí)動(dòng)作現(xiàn)此刻或目前一在段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的行動(dòng)作時(shí)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻過(guò)或某一段正在動(dòng)詞形式(以do為例)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthemorning/afternoon/morningI/We/You/Theydo.everyday/morning/Sund

2、ayHe/She/Itdoes.onSundayalwaysusuallyoftensometimesI/Wedid.yesterday(morning/afternoon)Youdid.lastnight/Sundayin1990He/She/Itdid.twodaysagoalwaysTheydid.usuallyoftensometimesIshalldo.Imgoingtodo.We/You/They/He/She/Ittomorrow(morning/afternoon/willdo.evening)We/You/Theyaregoingnextyear/month/weektodo

3、.He/She/Itisgoingtodo.Imdoing.He/She/Itisdoing.nowWe/You/Theyaredoing.I/He/She/Itwasdoingthistimeyesterday例句istwelve.getupat6:30everyday.likesswimming.gotupat6:30yesterday.alwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.willgotomyhometownnextweek.llcometoseeyoueverySunday.mgoingtoswimtomorrowafternoon.iswateringthefl

4、owers.theyworkingnowarelisteningtotheteacher.werereadinginclassthis去進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)達(dá)成的某現(xiàn)一動(dòng)作對(duì)此刻在造成的影響或完結(jié)果成2.表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始并連續(xù)時(shí)到此刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)過(guò)去過(guò)去某一時(shí)間完前已經(jīng)發(fā)后的成動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)現(xiàn).attenoclockyesterdayWe/You/TheyweredoingatthattimewhenhecamebackalreadyjustbeforeeverHe/She/Ithasdone.forthreeyearsWe/You/Theyhavedonesince1990.this

5、morningthesedaysbytheendofI/We/You/He/She/Ithadwhen+一般過(guò)去時(shí)done.before+一般過(guò)去時(shí)timeyesterdaywasdrawingapicturewhentheteachercamein.vealreadypostedtheletter.haveknowneachotherfortenyears.livedheresince1997.youeverbeentoBeijinghadlearned2000wordsbytheendoflastterm.Igotout,thebushadalreadyleft.此刻從前的一在段時(shí)間里向來(lái)

6、完I/We/You/Theyhavebeen進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,sincenineoclockdoing.成這個(gè)運(yùn)作可能He/She/Ithasbeenforfivehours進(jìn)仍在進(jìn)行,也doing.可能連續(xù)進(jìn)行行下去時(shí)初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1、一般此刻時(shí)。往常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes”。havebeenskatingforfivehours.hasbeenskatingsincenineoclock.一般此刻時(shí)基本用法介紹一、一般此刻時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特點(diǎn)、狀態(tài)。如:Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示常常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如:Ige

7、tupatsixeveryday.我每日六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般此刻時(shí)的組成:一定句:1).主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞be(is,am,are)+名詞(形容詞,介詞短語(yǔ))2).其余主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其余第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞-s+其余如:Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜愛漢語(yǔ)。三、一般此刻時(shí)的變化否認(rèn)句:1)主語(yǔ)+be(is,am,are)+not+其余。如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。2)其余主語(yǔ)+donot(dont)動(dòng)詞原形+其余I

8、dontlikebread第三人稱單數(shù)+doesnot(doesnt)動(dòng)詞原形+其余Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑問(wèn)句:1)Be(Is,Are)+主語(yǔ)+其余如:-Areyouastudent-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot.2)Do其余主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其余Does+第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞原形+其余+注意:遇I/weyou,myyour,someany.Doesshegotoworkbybike-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.Doyouoftenplayfootball-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.特別疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如:Whereismyb

9、ikeHowdoesyourfathergotowork2、此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)。往常用“now/look/listen”.1此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)表示此刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)造:一定句:主語(yǔ)+be(is,am,are)+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.否認(rèn)句:主語(yǔ)+be(is,am,are)+not+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing一般疑問(wèn)句:Is(Are)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing特別疑問(wèn):疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)

10、詞ing動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則一般狀況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting3)假如末端是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫末端的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping,swimswimming3、一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)往常用“amomentago,justnow,yesterday,last”等。1一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去常常或頻頻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化:am和is在

11、一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變成was。(wasnot=wasnt)are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變成were。(werenot=werent)帶有was或were的句子,其否認(rèn)、疑問(wèn)的變化和is,am,are同樣,即否認(rèn)句在was或were后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3.行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)變化一定句(Positive)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式Iwentshoppinglastnight.否認(rèn)句(Negative)didnt+動(dòng)詞原形Ididntgoshoppinglastnight.一般疑問(wèn)句(Yes/No)Did+動(dòng)詞原形Didyougoshoppinglastnight特別疑問(wèn)句(wh-)Whatdid

12、+動(dòng)詞原形Whatdidyoudolastnight4.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化:規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化:一般動(dòng)詞+edplanted,watered,climbed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)+dliked尾輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+iedstudystudied,cry-cried重讀閉音節(jié)單詞,末端只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫最后一個(gè)字stopstopped母+edplan-planned不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化:原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式sweepsweptteachtaughthavehadgowentkeepkeptthinkthoughtdodidfindfoundsleepsleptbuyboughteatate

13、saysaidfeelfeltdrinkdrankis/amwastaketookreadreadgivegaveareweremeanmeantputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbeganspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawflyflewrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/learntgetgotknowknew特別疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形如:WhatdidJ

14、imdoyesterday疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí):疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式如:Whowenttohomeyesterday4、一般未來(lái)時(shí)觀點(diǎn):表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。1.基本構(gòu)造:主語(yǔ)+be(is,am,are)goingto+動(dòng)詞原形.主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)詞原形.2.否認(rèn)句:主語(yǔ)+be(is,am,are)+not+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形.主語(yǔ)+will+not(wont)+動(dòng)詞原形.比如:Imgoingtohaveapic

15、nicthisafternoon.Imnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.3.一般疑問(wèn)句:Is(Are)+主語(yǔ)+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形.+Will+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+例:Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekendwearent.Yes,weare.No,WillhegotoBeijingnextweekYes,hewill.No,hewont.對(duì)劃線部分發(fā)問(wèn)。一般狀況,一般未來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種狀況。1).問(wèn)人。Who比如:ImgoingtoNewYorks

16、oon.WhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.2).問(wèn)干什么。Whatdo.比如:Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3).問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.比如:Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed5.同義句:begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明日).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):一定句:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞be(was,

17、were)+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing+其余否認(rèn)句:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞be(was,were)+not+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing+其余一般疑問(wèn)句:Was(Were)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing+其余特別疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+was(were)+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing+其余用法:1、表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常常有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)then,atthattime,thistimeyesterday等,或與過(guò)去發(fā)生的某事同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(即與when,while引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用)。例:Theyweretalkingaboutafilmatsixyesterdayevening.昨晚6點(diǎn)他們正在討論一部電影。W

18、hatwereyoudoingatthistimelastweek上周的這個(gè)時(shí)候你在干什么?Whentheteachercamein,theyweretalking.老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí),他們?cè)诎l(fā)言。2、表示在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例:Theywereswimmingfromtwotothreeyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午2點(diǎn)到3點(diǎn)他們?cè)谟斡?。ShewaswatchingTVthewholemorning.她整個(gè)上午在看電視。3、表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例:HesaidhewasleavingonTuesday.他說(shuō)他周二起程。Tomsaidhewasgoingtomorrow.

19、湯姆說(shuō)他明日去。4、用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)描繪故事背景。例:Itwasgettingdark.Thewindwasrising.天逐漸黑了下來(lái),風(fēng)勢(shì)加強(qiáng)了。Theprocessionwasgoing.Hewasstandingamongthecrowdlookingon.隊(duì)伍在前進(jìn)。他站在人群中觀看。6.此刻達(dá)成時(shí)組成:一定句:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞-ed否認(rèn)句:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+not(havent,hasnt)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞-ed一般疑問(wèn)句:Have(Has)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞-ed+特別疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+have(has)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞-ed+用法:1、表

20、示說(shuō)話從前已達(dá)成的動(dòng)作,并且這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果對(duì)此刻是狀況仍有影響。常被just,already,yet等副詞修飾。Mr.WanghasjustcomebackfromAmerica.王先生剛從美國(guó)回來(lái)。2此刻達(dá)成時(shí)還可用來(lái)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作向來(lái)連續(xù)到此刻,常帶有for或since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。如:MrWanghaslivedheresince1983.此刻達(dá)成時(shí)瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞即停止性動(dòng)詞不可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。常有停止性動(dòng)詞與連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系以下:come/go/arrive/get/reach/movebein/atopenbeopendiebedeadcloseb

21、eclosedbecomebeborrowkeepputonwearbuyhaveleavebeaway(from)begin/startbeonfallasleepbeasleepend/finishbeovercatchacoldhaveacoldjointhearmybeinthearmy,beasoldierjointhePartybeintheParty,beaPartymember例:吉姆買這支已有兩年了。Jimboughtthispentwoyearsago.Jimhashadthispenfortwoyears.Jimhashadthispensincetwoyearsago.

22、Jimhashadthispensince2007ItistwoyearssinceJimboughtthispen.在表示“近來(lái)幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來(lái)”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用此刻達(dá)成時(shí)。inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days;overthepastfewyears;duringthelastthreemonths;forthelastfewcenturies,throughcenturies;throughouthistory等5.表示“第幾次做某事,”或在“Itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名詞that”后邊跟此刻達(dá)成時(shí)。例:

23、ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.Thatistheonlybookthathehaswritten.have/hasbeento+地址意為“曾去過(guò)某地”,暗含目前已不在該地,僅表示當(dāng)事人的一種經(jīng)歷而已。have/hasgoneto+地址“到了某地去了”,暗含“已走開原地去了某地”之意,可能否抵達(dá)了某地尚不確立。如:HehasgonetoShanghai.HehasbeentoShanghai.他去了上海。他去過(guò)了上海。此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始,連續(xù)或

24、重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)到現(xiàn)在,或?qū)⑦B續(xù)連續(xù)至未來(lái)。常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),如:fortwohours,sinceearlymorning,thesefewdays等連用。組成:一定句:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+been+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing否認(rèn)句:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+not+been+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing一般疑問(wèn)句:Have(Has)+主語(yǔ)+been+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing+特別疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+have(has)+主語(yǔ)+been+動(dòng)詞此刻分詞-ing+例:Ithasbeenrainingforthreehours.Wehavebeenwaitingheresinceanhourago.Ho

25、wlonghasitbeenraining雨下多久了?Shehasbeensittingthereformorethan2hours.Wevebeenseeingquitealotofeachotherrecently.Hehasbeentelephoningmeseveraltimesintwodays.他已經(jīng)在那坐了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。近來(lái)我們常會(huì)面。這兩天他打好幾次電話給我。注意事項(xiàng):與此刻達(dá)成時(shí)對(duì)比,此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)更重申:向來(lái)連續(xù)或向來(lái)頻頻出現(xiàn)。在從過(guò)去到此刻的時(shí)間里,動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)8.過(guò)去達(dá)成時(shí)組成:一定句:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞-ed+其余否認(rèn)句:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞had+not(hadnt)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞一般疑問(wèn)句;Had+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞-ed+其余+-ed+其余特別疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+had+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞-ed+其余+例:Therehadbeen25parksinourcityuptill2000.Bytheendoflasttermwehadfinishedthebook.Theyfinishedearlierthanweh

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