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1、Unit 1: Business Letters學習目標了解商務信函的結構、格式、寫作原則掌握商務信函的常用表達能夠根據不同商務情境采用不同的格式撰寫商務信函。ContentsSection 1: IntroductionSection 2 : The Structure of A Business Letter Section 3: The Formats of A Business LetterSection 4: Writing Principles of A Business LetterSection 1: Introduction 現(xiàn)代商務交流的主要方式及特征現(xiàn)代商務中信函交流的意
2、義Envelope Section 1: Introduction 現(xiàn)代商務交流的主要方式及特征 1. 信函 主要特點:意義重大、提升形象; 表達準確、格式規(guī)范; 最常用和最有效的方式之一。Section 1: Introduction 2. 電子郵件(E-mail) 特點:快捷便利、形式多樣、成本低廉 3. 傳真 (Fax) 特點:表達簡單、內容清晰、快速便捷 現(xiàn)代商務交流的主要形式Section 1: Introduction 現(xiàn)代商務中信函交流的意義 1. 商務信函是國際商務交流的生命線 。 2. 隨著國際互聯(lián)網的普及以及企業(yè)應用信息技術水平的提高,E-mail, Fax是現(xiàn)代商務活動不
3、可分割的一部分。 3. 書面信函的正規(guī)與莊重任然使之成為現(xiàn)代國際商務交流之本。Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter英語商務信函的基本結構:信頭(Letterhead)日期(Date)封內地址(Inside Address)事由 (The subject heading)稱呼(Salutation)信的正文(Body of the Letter)結尾敬語(Complimentary Close)簽名(The Signature)附件(Enclosure )抄送 (Carbon Copy)Section 2: The Structure of
4、A Business Letter信頭(Letterhead)內容:發(fā)信人的姓名、地址、郵編、電話號碼、傳真號碼、電子郵件地址,有些甚至將注冊商標和公司董事(監(jiān))事、總經理姓名等。位置:信紙首頁的上方,可居中,也可齊頭靠左對齊,或縮行靠右。目的:方便收件人了解信函來自何處,并為回復提供聯(lián)系方式。 Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter日期(Date) 1. 年份全寫,不可省略。 2. 月份英語化,可縮寫,不可用數(shù)字。 3. 日期可用阿拉伯數(shù)字,也可以用序數(shù)詞。 通常是月/日/年或日/月/年。 例如:2nd October, 2010 Nove
5、mber 30th, 2010 月份和日期之間不需要任何標點符合,而 年份之前必須用逗號點開。 注意事項:信頭可以用縮行式,每行向右至少讓出2格或3格空位,也可以用齊頭式,每行取齊。每行末用逗點,最后一行用句點,但也有人不用任何標點符號。門牌號與街名之間不用逗號點開,但城市名、國名之間必須用逗號。 P.O.Box 1752是Post Office Box 1752的縮寫即第1752號信箱。 Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter封內地址(Inside Address)收信人的姓名地址等一般列在信箋的左上方,在信頭之下,沿左頁邊線寫起。 對發(fā)信
6、人而言,發(fā)信時可與信封地址相互對照,避免地址差誤,也便于發(fā)信后準確歸檔、日后查找。對收信人而言,在讀信時,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)封內名稱或地址與信封不符,則可知道是發(fā)信人放入信封時出錯,需要將信返回;收信后如信封與信函分離,原信仍能保持完整,便于查閱。注意事項: 1.在公司名稱的前面加 C/o(care of)意 思 是由其轉交,說明本信是一封私人信件,必須由本人親自拆封。 2.如果希望收信商號將信件迅速轉交經辦人處理,則可以在收信人名稱住址下面或右邊加Attention或Attention of 等字樣 Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter事由 (Th
7、e subject heading)即主題,直接說明來信的重點,讓看信人一目了然來信的主要內容。事由可以是一句話或短語,要簡明扼要。 Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter稱呼(Salutation) 稱呼是寫信人對收信人的稱呼,其位置是在封內地址的下面空兩行,與封內地址對齊。 常用的稱呼: Dear Sirs (商業(yè)函件 ) Dear Sir (公事函件 ) Dear Mr. xxx, My Dear Mr. xxx (半公半私 ) 注意:稱呼后面一般使用逗號(,)而不用冒號(:)或分號(;)。 Section 2: The Structu
8、re of A Business Letter信的正文(Body of the Letter)一般由以下幾部分構成: 開頭語(Opening Sentences) 具體內容(Details) 反饋 (Response/Action) 結尾語(Closing Sentences) 開頭語(Opening Sentences) 開頭語無統(tǒng)一格式。 a. 用客套語將對方來信的日期、編號、主題及主要內容加以概述,使對方一目了然來信是答復哪一封信件。 b.如果為首次通信,可以用開頭語作必要的自我介紹,并表明來信目的或要求。 具體內容(Details) a.緊接開頭語 b.根據中心思想分段落,每一中心思想
9、為一 段,眉目要清楚 c.文本很長,需兩張或數(shù)張聯(lián)頁,應在承前頁上端注明收信人名稱、日期、頁數(shù),再繼續(xù)打印正文。這是為了避免第一頁、第二頁和第三頁在發(fā)信時誤置。使用聯(lián)頁時不可用印有信頭的信紙。 Page 3 the ABC Co., Ltd. Jan. 7, 2011 反饋 (Response/Action)預期的應答和可能的決定。 結尾語(Closing Sentences)總結本文所談的事項,提示對收信人的要求。結尾語的位置在正文結束之后,另起一段。表達方法 :a.用分詞短語開頭 Looking forward to your early reply, we remainb. 用完整句子
10、We look forward to your shipping advice Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter結尾敬語(Complimentary Close) 結束函件時的一種客套,應該與前面的稱呼相 呼應。 e.g. Yours faithfully, Faithfully yours, Yours truly, Sincerely yours, 注意: 都是帶-ly的副詞,用Yours而不用Your Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter簽名(The Signature)在結尾
11、敬語的下面。手筆簽字常常很潦草,可以打字注明。簽名下面打印簽名人的職位,如General manager(總經理)。 Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter附件(Enclosure ) 信中有附件,應在左下角注明Encl. 或Enc., 例如:Encls: Price-list, payment termsEnc.: 2 Invoices Section 2: The Structure of A Business Letter抄送 (Carbon Copy)如果信件同時抄送其他人,可以用 C.C. (Carbon Copy)說明: 例如:C
12、.C. Manager Wang (此信同時抄送給王經理) Section 3: the Format of A Business Letter1. 信函格式2. 信封格式Section 3: the Format of A Business Letter1. 信函格式 (1) 縮行式(Indented Style) (2) 齊頭式(Block Style) (3) 混合式(Semi-block style)縮行式 封內地址和其他需要分行的地方的后一行,都比前一行縮進2格或3格; 信的正文,每一段的開始的第一行都縮進若干格。 例如:Dear Sirs, Mr. James Green, pre
13、sident of our Corp. and Mr. Joseph Johnson, Marketing manager, would like to visit China to continue . Would you please let us know your opinion on this planned visit? If their visit is agreeable and is . Your early reply will be highly appreciated. Yours sincerely, Henry Smith 齊頭式 齊頭式,又叫平頭式,是指每一行字(
14、包括日期、封內地址、事由和結尾敬語)都是從左邊開始取齊。除了信頭已經印制于公司專用信紙的中央頂端。目前,此格式因為方便打字而被普遍使用。Dear Sirs,We have made inquiry to the Liaison Office We are importers, packers and exporters of all We are interested to discuss with your Yours,為什么段與段之間要空一行 因為上一段的末尾恰恰是本行的末尾,則與下一段難以區(qū)分開來。隔行就會一目了然。? 混合式縮行式與齊頭式的結合應用。信的正文部分采用平頭式,寫信人的地址
15、、日期、結尾敬語、簽名采用縮行式。 M.D. Ewart & Co., Ltd., 36 Tower Street Toronto 4, Canada August 22, 2010 Our Ref.No.SWE/119Your Ref.No.M.306/0038China National Metals & Minerals Import & Export Corporation,P.O. Box No.65,Beijing, ChinaDear Sirs,Re: Heating SuppliesWe are wholesale distributors of plumbing and he
16、ating supplies and are interested in the products you show in the China Foreign Trade No.2 of 2010.We would like to hear from you with reference to importing merchandise from China. If we can work together to our mutual benefit, arrangements can be made for one of our representatives to make the tri
17、p to China and contact your office in person.We are here with enclosing our latest catalogue showing the items we carry at the present time.Please let us know whether you can manufacture items as per Canadian patterns.Kindly send us your complete catalogue and price list quoting the best discount fo
18、r quantity buying.Thanking you for your kind attention to the matter and trusting to hear from you in the near future.Yours truly,M.D. Ewart & Co., Ltd.(Signature)H. SmithManager三種方式的比較: 縮行式美觀,但影響打字排版速度,齊頭式 和混合式便于打字,又稍欠美觀。現(xiàn)代商務信函追求便捷,人們更多傾向于齊頭式或混合式。通過Fax和E-mail方式發(fā)送的商務交流函件,齊頭式或改良混合式是首選。Section 3: the
19、Format of A Business Letter信封的格式: 姓名、通訊地址在信封的左上角,而收件人的姓名、地址等在信封的中間偏右下角。郵票在右上角。如果需要標注類似“密件”、“印刷品”等,可放在信封左下角位置 。Section 4:Writing Principles of A Business Letter 1.禮貌(Courtesy) 2. 完整(Completeness) 3.清楚(Clarity)4.簡潔(Conciseness)5.具體(Concreteness)6.正確(Correctness) 禮貌(Courtesy)要用禮貌、客氣的語言文字。在整個貿易磋商交流中尊重對方
20、的觀點,為對方的處境考慮。當雙方觀點不一致時,首先要理解并尊重對方的觀點,然后有禮貌地提出自己的觀點和建議。避免用冒犯性的語言。 要站在對方的角度。完整(Completeness) 1.外貿信件要做到完整而有效(complete and effective) 2. 能很好地傳達信息,表達觀點。 3. 有助建立友善的貿易關系,達成“交易”。 完整性體現(xiàn)在兩個方面: 其一是盡可能完整的表達信息 其二是盡量用完整的句式衡量一封信是否完整用5W:Who:買方或賣方What:買賣什么物品Where:貨物發(fā)往何地When:何時發(fā)貨Why:為何交易 清楚(Clarity) 1.盡量用簡單、明了的語句來清晰地
21、表達信息。 2. 避免使用生硬、陌生、拗口的語句。 3. 用“我”或“我們”作主語。 簡潔(Conciseness) 1. 盡量用簡潔樸實的語言。 2. 要用常見的單詞、避免生僻或者拼寫復雜的單詞。 3. 能用單詞表達,就不要用詞組。 4. 多用短句。 5. 在同一封信里,不要使用多個相同含義的單詞。 具體(Concreteness)關鍵信息表述要具體、確定,避免含糊不清。 產品規(guī)格 信用證信息 交付時間數(shù)量多少優(yōu)惠條款 正確(Correctness) 1.提供的事實、數(shù)據、語言陳述、商業(yè)術語 要正確無誤。 2. 而且要做到無語法、拼寫錯誤。 3. 寫完之后,一定要檢查。 注意事項: 1. 函
22、電的回復一定要及時。 2. 盡量使用標題來提醒。 3.每封信函盡量使用事由(The subject heading)或標題,以便引起對方的注意。 4.標題要切題、簡潔。 Section 5: Some Useful Expressions Question: how to express the following sentences in English 特此奉告 惠請告知 茲確認我公司某月某日函 敬悉你公司某月某日來函 敬復你公司某月某日函 本公司深感遺憾,必須奉告 ?特此奉告:a. We are pleased to inform you thatb. We have pleasure
23、in informing you thatc. We have the pleasure of apprising you ofd. We take the liberty of announcing to you thate. Please allow us to call you attention to惠請告知:a. Please inform me that (of )b. I will thank you for your informing me that (of )c. I should be glad if you would inform me that (of )茲確認我公
24、司某月某日函:a. We confirm our letter of theof this monthb. We confirm our last letter of the 10th June敬悉你公司某月某日來函:a. We have pleasure in acknowledging receipt of your esteemed favour of the 3rd Mayb. We are in receipt of your letter of the 7th Julyc. We have duly received your favour of the 5th Marchd. W
25、e thank you for your letter of the 5th May敬復你公司某月某日函:a. In reply to your letter of the 5th of May,I have to inform you that (of )b. We are in receipt of yours of the 15th May, we are pleased to state that.c. In reply, we would like to say 本講知識要點總結商務信件的結構一般包括:信頭(Head)、日期(Date)、信內地址(Inside Address)、稱呼
26、(Salutation)、正文(Body)、結尾敬語(Complimentary Close)、簽名(Signature)等七大部分。商務信件的格式分為縮行式:(Indented Style)、齊頭式(Block Style )和混合式(Semi-block Style)。其中齊頭式在目前商務信函來往中最常用。商務信件應遵循:禮貌(Courtesy)、體諒 (Consideration)、完整(Completeness)、清楚(Clarity)、簡潔(Conciseness)、正確性(Correctness)原則。HomeworkExercises Previewing Questions T
27、hanks!Establishing Business RelationsUnit 2:學習目標 了解建立貿易關系的重要性、獲取信息的途徑; 握建立貿易關系信函的主要內容、寫作方法和常用表達; 能夠根據不同情境熟練撰寫建立國際貿易關系的信函。本講內容Section 1: IntroductionSection 2: Specimen LettersSection 3: Some Useful ExpressionsSection 1: Introduction 沒有顧客就沒有市場,沒有市場就談不上 貿易。需要通過各種途徑對潛在客戶的相關信息及需求進行全面了解和溝通 。 1.獲取信息的途徑有許多
28、 :報刊、電視、 網絡等。 2.意義:維持和擴展業(yè)務活動的重要措施, 而顧客則是業(yè)務擴展的基礎。 3.涉及到以下幾方面的內容 : Section 1: Introduction a.介紹得知對方情況的途徑; b.來函的意圖; c.自己公司情況簡介; d.提供資信人。 e.若意欲從對方進口貨物,可要求對方寄目錄、價目表、樣品等; f.若意欲向對方介紹推銷自己的產品,同樣應寄去目錄、價目表等資料。 g.最后,還應表示愿與對方相互合作、互惠互利之類的真誠愿望。Section 1: Introduction “CPSIR”原則: C = companys name P = product S = se
29、rvice I = information source R = recommendation (either the name of a company or a person) Section 2: Specimen Letters Letter 1: A letter written by an export asking for establishing business relation Dear Sirs, Having learnt your name and address through the Commercial Counsellors Office of our Emb
30、assy, we avail ourselves of this golden opportunity to write to you and see if we can establish business relations with you. Section 2: Specimen Lettersavail ourselves of this golden opportunity 我們利用此次寶貴的機會 e.g. 如果你抓住這次機會,你就會獲得成功 If you avail yourself of this golden opportunity, you will succeed.Sec
31、tion 2: Specimen LettersWe are a state-owned import and export textile company specializing in cotton products such as curtains, table cloth, and in the position to accept orders according to customers samples, specifying designs, specifications and packing requirements.We are also prepared to accep
32、t orders for goods with customers own trademarks or brand names.Section 2: Specimen Letters1. State-owned 國有的 Private-owned 私有的 Joint venture 合資企業(yè)2. be specialized in 專門經營于 e.g. Our company is specialized in iron and steel products.3. in a position to (=be able to ) 可以做 e.g. We are in a position to
33、offer prompt shipment.Section 2: Specimen Letters4. according to customers samples, specifying designs, specifications and packing requirements. 依據顧客的樣品、專門的設計、具體規(guī)格和包裝要求5. with customers own trademarks or brand names. 擁有自己的商標和品牌Section 2:Specimen LettersIn order to give a general idea of our various
34、cotton made products, we are airmailing you under separate cover a catalogue of our items. We shall be glad to send quotations and samples upon receipt of your concrete enquire.Looking forward to hearing from you!Yours faithfully, John Li Section 2: Specimen Lettersunder separate cover(=by separate
35、mail) 另函,另郵under plain cover (信件,包裹等) 沒有注明寄發(fā)人姓名、地址及內容 e.g. The invoice will arrive here under separate cover. 發(fā)票將另郵到達。Section 2: Specimen Letters思考?信函一是一封典型的齊頭式的信件。通過該例來了解齊頭式的寫法,注意格式的人性化。Section 2: Specimen LettersLetter 2: An export writes to a potential customer to express wish of cooperation Dear
36、 Sirs,We owe your name and address to the Commercial Counselors office the Swedish Embassy in Beijing who has informed us that you are in the market for textiles.Section 2:Specimen Lettersowe(1) vt. a. 該把歸功于,認為是靠的力量(后接介詞to) We owe your name and address to. 承蒙告知你公司的名稱和地址。b.欠(債等),該向支付 owe sb a large s
37、um = owe a large sum to sb 欠某人一大筆錢(2) vi. 欠款,欠錢They have paid up all that was owing. 他們已全部付清欠款。There is still a balance of $1 000 owing (to) our company. 仍欠我方余數(shù)1 000美元。Section 2: Specimen LettersCommercial Counselors office商務參贊處Embassy 大使館Section 2: Specimen Lettersinform v. 通知,告訴,報告(1) inform sb. o
38、f sth. Please inform us of the sales situation on your products. 請告知我方,你方產品的銷售情況。We shall inform you of the date of shipment, name of steamer. 我們會將裝運日期和船名通知你方。(2) inform sb. that/what/whichWe wish to inform you that business has been done at 200 per metric ton. 我們已以每公噸200英鎊的價格成交,特此告知。Please inform u
39、s what quantity you can purchase per year. 請告知每年可購買的數(shù)量。Section 2: Specimen Letters(3) Please be informed thatPlease be informed that we have already delivered the goods you ordered.茲通知你方,我方已將你方所訂貨物發(fā)出。(4) keep sb. informed of /that隨時告知類似的, keep sb. advised of /that , keep sb. posted of /that We expec
40、t you will keep us informed the sales condition on your side. 我期望隨時報道你方的銷售情況。Section 2:Specimen Lettersmarket(1) n. 市場,銷路 a. in the market for 要買We are in the market for silk. 我們要買絲綢。 b. come to (into) the market 上市We will keep in touch with you when the new model comes to the market. 只要 新品上市,我們就和你方
41、聯(lián)系。 c. find a market 找銷路We are trying to find a market for this project. 我們正在努力為此項計劃找門路。Section 2: Specimen Letters d. good (poor, no) market 暢銷(滯銷,無銷路)There is a good (a poor, no) market for these products. 這些商品暢銷(滯銷,無銷路) e. in the market 要買或要賣Please tell us as soon as you are in the market. 一旦你方要買
42、(賣)時,請告知。(2) v. 銷售,推銷We will try to market this product at our end if you allow us a 25% commission. 如你方給傭金25,我方愿在我地設法推銷這一商品。 Section 2:Specimen LettersWe avail ourselves of this opportunity to approach you for the establishment of trade relations with you.We are a state-operated corporation. Handli
43、ng both the import and export of textiles. In order to acquaint you with our business lines, we enclose a copy of our Export List covering the main items suppliable at present.Should any of the items be of interest to you, please let us know. We shall be glad to give you our lowest quotations upon r
44、eceipt of your detailed requirements. Section 2: Specimen Lettersapproach.(1) vt.a. 同接洽,同聯(lián)系。We shall approach the department concerned on this matter. 我們將同有關部門聯(lián)系此事。One of our clients approaches us with an order for 100 tons White Sugar. 我方一客戶向我洽訂100噸白糖。b. 接近,近似,向靠近As the manufacture of your order is
45、 approaching completion, you are requested to open your L/C without any further delay. 你方訂貨即將制造完畢,請立即開證。Section 2: Specimen Letters(2) vi. 臨近,靠近,接近The date of delivery is approaching, but we have not yet received your L/C up to now. 交貨日期日益逼近,而有關信用證至今仍未收到 Section 2: Specimen Lettersexport & import 既可
46、以做動詞,也可以作名詞,也是一對反義詞,其變換方式也是一樣的。 exporter importer 出口商/進口商 exportation importation 出口/進口其前綴也是相反的。ex out of exclude 把 排除在外im in include 把 包括在內Section 2: Specimen Lettersacquaint v. 使熟悉,使了解,使認識(1) acquaint sb with /of sth, acquaint sb thatYou will have to acquaint us with your new friend. 你們必須讓我們了解你的新朋
47、友。(2) be/get acquainted withWe are well acquainted with whom you are.我們很了解你是什么樣的人。Section 2: Specimen Lettersline (1) n. a. 短函;行業(yè);(一類)貨色Just a line (a few lines) to inform you that we have today opened an L/C to cover our purchase of Surgical Instruments. 茲通知,我們所購買的外科醫(yī)療器械的信用證已于今日開出。Section 2:Specime
48、n Lettersb. along (on) these lines 關于這件事,用這種方式We will write to you again along (on) these line. 關于這件事我們將再給你寫信。c. fall in line with 同意,符合We do not think we can fall in line with your views. 我們認為我們不能同意你的意見。d. in line (out of line) 相合(不相合)Your price is quite in line, but the time of shipment is too ext
49、ended. 你的價格尚可,但船期太遲。Section 2: Specimen Letterse. in line with 按照In line with faxes exchanged, we confirm having sold you the following. 按照往來函電,我們確認售給你們以下商品。on sound lines 用正確的方法on the wrong lines 用錯誤的方法(2) v. 安排(與副詞up連用)We are trying to line up an offer for you and will cable you as soon as possibl
50、e. 我們正努力為你準備報盤,并將盡快去電。We may be able to line up 50 tons for you in the next few days. 幾天后我們可能給你安排50噸貨。 Section 2: Specimen LettersIn our trade with merchants of various countries, we always adhere to the principle of equality and mutual benefit. It is our hope to promote, by joint efforts, both trad
51、e and friendship to our mutual advantage.We look forward to receiving your enquiries soon. Sincerely yours,(Signature)Encl.Section 2: Specimen Letterstrade.(1) n. 貿易,行業(yè)In recent days, there has been a slow down in our trade with you. 最近我方和你方的貿易有所減少。(2) v. 從事貿易,做生意,經營(和某人做貿易,后接介詞with;經營某項商品后接介詞in)We
52、do not trade with them. 我們不和他們進行貿易。They trade mainly in cotton piece goods. 他們主要經營棉布業(yè)。trade relations = trading relations = relations. Section 2:Specimen Letterslook forward to 期待(to是介詞,后接名詞或動名詞)We are looking forward to your early reply. 盼早日回復。We look forward to receiving your early reply. 盼收到你們的早日
53、答復。Section 2: Specimen LettersLetter 3 Asking for the senders credit statusGentlemen:The under-mentioned company, of Lagos, Nigeria, has recently approached us, hoping to establish business relations with us and push the sale of Chinese Drawn Works in their country. West African Trading Co. Ltd. 221
54、, Lary Rd. Lagos, NigeriaWe would therefore greatly appreciate it if you could furnish us with the necessary information about the financial standing of the above firm.Section 2:Specimen LettersWe promise that any information you may give will be treated in absolute confidence. Yours faithfully, Jac
55、ky ChenSection 2: Specimen Lettersunder-mentioned company 下列所提及的公司above-mentioned goods 上述貨物The under-mentioned company is reliable.下列提到的公司是可靠的。push the sale (= promote the sale) 促進銷售This international conference not only pushes the sale, but also friendship.這次國際會議不僅促進了銷售,也加強了友誼。appreciate v. 感激,理解W
56、e fully appreciate your anxiety that the shipment should be made as soon as possible. 我方完全理解你方急切希望貨物盡早裝運。Section 2: Specimen Lettersfurnish sb. with sth. (=supply/provide sb. with sth.)This company furnishes a variety of silk products.該公司提供各種各樣的絲質產品。standing n. 狀況,時期the credit standing 信用狀況Owing to
57、the long-standing friendly business relations between us, we offer you the mostfavorable terms. 鑒于你我之間的長期友好關系,現(xiàn)提供給你最優(yōu)惠的條 款。in absolute confidence (=absolutely confidential) 絕密The banks information offered to us will be kept in absolute confidence.銀行提供給我方的信息將被視為絕密保存。 Section 2: Specimen LettersLetter
58、 4: A importer writes a letter to a potential exporterDear Sirs,The Bank of China in Chicago recommended your corporation as being interested in establishing business relations with Chinese corporation for the purpose of selling light industrial products of your country.We invite you to send us deta
59、ils and prices of your products, and we shall gladly study the sales possibilities in our market.We shall always be very happy to hear from you and will carefully consider any proposals likely to lead to business between us. Yours truly,(Signature)Section 2: Specimen Lettersrecommend (1) v. 推薦,勸告,建議
60、a. 可以有雙賓語They request you to recommend them some material that suits the African market.他們請你方推薦一些適合非洲市場的商品。b. recommend可直接跟名詞作為賓語。We strongly recommend concentration of offer. 我們極力建議集中報盤。c. recommend可跟動名詞We recommend buying a small quantity for trial. 我們勸你買少量試用。Section 2: Specimen Letters d. recomme
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