主要的離散元軟件介紹

1、主要的離散元軟件介紹離散元方法(DEM)首次于20世紀(jì)70年代由CundallandStrack在Adiscretenumericalmodelforgranularassemblies一文提出，并不斷得到學(xué)者的關(guān)注和發(fā)展。PFC3D模擬效果該方法最早應(yīng)用于巖石力學(xué)問(wèn)題的分析，后逐漸應(yīng)用于散狀物料和粉體工程領(lǐng)域。由于散狀物料通常表現(xiàn)出復(fù)雜的運(yùn)動(dòng)行為和力學(xué)行為，這些行為難以直接使用現(xiàn)有基本理論，尤其是基于連續(xù)介質(zhì)理論的方法來(lái)解釋?zhuān)M(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究則成本高、周期長(zhǎng)，DEM仿真技術(shù)的應(yīng)用范圍將會(huì)越來(lái)越廣。(1)商用軟件目前開(kāi)發(fā)離散元商用程序最有名的公司要屬由離散元思想首創(chuàng)者Cundall加盟的ITAS

2、CA國(guó)際工程咨詢(xún)公司。該公司開(kāi)發(fā)的二維UDEC(universaldistinctelementcode)和三維3DEC(3-dimensionaldistinctelementcode)塊體離散元程序，主要用于模擬節(jié)理巖石或離散塊體巖石在準(zhǔn)靜或動(dòng)載條件下力學(xué)過(guò)程及采礦過(guò)程的工程問(wèn)題。該公司開(kāi)發(fā)的PFC2D和PFC3D(particleflowcodein2/3dimensions)則分別為基于二維圓盤(pán)單元和三維圓球單元的離散元程序。它主要用于模擬大量顆粒元的非線(xiàn)性相互作用下的總體流動(dòng)和材料的混合，含破損累計(jì)導(dǎo)致的破裂、動(dòng)態(tài)破壞和地震響應(yīng)等問(wèn)題。EDEM是世界上第一個(gè)用現(xiàn)代化離散元模型科技設(shè)計(jì)

3、的用來(lái)模擬和分析顆粒的處理和生產(chǎn)操作的通用CAE軟件。使用EDEM,可以快速、簡(jiǎn)便的為顆粒固體系統(tǒng)建立一個(gè)參數(shù)化模型，可以導(dǎo)入真實(shí)顆粒的CAD模型來(lái)準(zhǔn)確描述它們的形狀。現(xiàn)在大量應(yīng)用于歐美國(guó)家中的采礦、煤炭、石油、化工、鋼鐵和醫(yī)藥等諸多領(lǐng)域。中國(guó)科學(xué)院非連續(xù)介質(zhì)力學(xué)與工程災(zāi)害聯(lián)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室與極道成然科技有限公司聯(lián)合開(kāi)發(fā)了國(guó)內(nèi)最新的離散元大型商用軟件GDEM,該軟件基于中科院力學(xué)所非連續(xù)介質(zhì)力學(xué)與工程災(zāi)害聯(lián)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)發(fā)的CDEM算法，將有限元與塊體離散元進(jìn)行有機(jī)結(jié)合，并利用GPU加速技術(shù)，可以高效的計(jì)算從連續(xù)到非連續(xù)整個(gè)過(guò)程。由中冶賽迪公司在冶金、礦山、工程機(jī)械工程應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)上，2013年推出的大型商業(yè)

4、軟件StreamDEM,是國(guó)內(nèi)首款完全擁有完全獨(dú)立的自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，代表了離散元的最高發(fā)展水平，讓國(guó)人和世界站在了同一起跑線(xiàn)上。(2)開(kāi)源軟件BALL&TRUBAL(19791980)distinctelementmethod(FORTRANcode),originallywrittenbyP.CundallandcurrentlymaintainedbyColinThornton.dp3D(discretepowder3D),DEMcodeorientedtowardmaterialscienceengineeringapplications(powdercompaction,powdersi

5、ntering,fractureofbrittlematerials.).Emphasisisputonthephysicsofthecontactlaws.dp3Diswritteninfortran90andheavilyparallelisedwithOpenMP.ESyS-ParticleESyS-Particleisahigh-performancecomputingimplementationoftheDiscreteElementMethodreleasedundertheOpenSoftwareLicensev3.0.Todate,developmentfocusisongeo

6、scientificapplicationsincludinggranularflow,rockbreakageandearthquakenucleation.ESyS-ParticleincludesaPythonscriptinginterfaceprovidingflexibilityforsimulationsetupandreal-timedataanalysis.TheDEMcomputingengineiswritteninC+andparallelisedusingMPI,permittingsimulationsofmorethan1millionparticlesonclu

7、stersorhigh-endworkstations.LAMMPSisaveryfastparallelopen-sourcemoleculardynamicspackagewithGPUsupportalsoallowingDEMsimulations.LAMMPSWebsite,Examples.LIGGGHTSisacodebasedonLAMMPSwithmoreDEMfeaturessuchaswallimportfromCAD,amovingmeshfeatureandgranularheattransfer.FurtheracouplingtoCFDisavailable.LI

8、GGGHTSWebsiteSDECSphericalDiscreteElementCode.LMGC90Openplatformformodellinginteractionproblemsbetweenelementsincludingmulti-physicsaspectsbasedonanhybridorextendedFEMDEMdiscretization,usingvariousnumericalstrategiesasMDorNSCD.PasimodoPASIMODOisaprogrampackageforparticle-basedsimulationmethods.Thema

9、infieldofapplicationisthesimulationofgranularmedia,suchassand,gravel,granulatesinchemicalengineeringandothers.MoreoveritcanbeusedforthesimulationofmanyotherLagrangianmethods,e.g.fluidsimulationwithSmoothed-Particle-Hydrodynamics.WooismainlyDEMcodeforkedoffYade,withshared-memoryparallelizationviaOpen

10、MP,aimingatflexibility(c+,Python),portability(Linux,Windows),extensibility(suchasmembranesasfiniteelementsorbasicmeshfreemethods);contractualcustomizationsareofferedonthewebsite.YadeYetAnotherDynamicEngine(historicallyrelatedtoSDEC),modularandextensibletoolkitofDEMalgorithmswritteninc+.Tightintegrat

11、ionwithPythongivesflexibilitytosimulationdescription,realtimecontrolandpost-processing,andallowsintrospectionofallinternaldata.Canruninparallelonshared-memorymachinesusingOpenMP.MechSysAlthoughitwasinitiallyapackagededicatedtotheFEMmethod,nowadaysitalsocontainsaDEMmodule.Itusesbothsphericalelementsandspheropolyhedratomodelcollisionofparticleswithgeneralshapes.Bothelasticandcohesivefor