處理器調(diào)度之動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)先數(shù)調(diào)度算法

1、1處理機(jī)調(diào)度1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容及要求實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容：按優(yōu)先數(shù)調(diào)度算法實(shí)現(xiàn)處理器調(diào)度。實(shí)驗(yàn)要求：能接受鍵盤輸入的進(jìn)程數(shù)、進(jìn)程標(biāo)識(shí)、進(jìn)程優(yōu)先數(shù)及要求運(yùn)行時(shí)間，能顯示每次進(jìn)程調(diào)度的情況：運(yùn)行進(jìn)程、就緒進(jìn)程和就緒進(jìn)程的排列情況。1.2實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康谋緦?shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M在單處理器環(huán)境下的處理器調(diào)度，加深了解處理器調(diào)度工作。1.3實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境本實(shí)驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)基于Windows7操作系統(tǒng)DevC+5.11環(huán)境，用C語言實(shí)現(xiàn)編程。1.4實(shí)驗(yàn)思路每個(gè)進(jìn)程用一個(gè)PCB來代表。PCB的結(jié)構(gòu)為：進(jìn)程名作為進(jìn)程標(biāo)識(shí)。優(yōu)先數(shù)賦予進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先數(shù)，調(diào)度時(shí)總是選取優(yōu)先數(shù)大的進(jìn)程先執(zhí)行。要求運(yùn)行時(shí)間假設(shè)進(jìn)程需要運(yùn)行的單位時(shí)間數(shù)。狀態(tài)假設(shè)兩種狀態(tài)：就緒和結(jié)束，用R表

2、示就緒，用E表示結(jié)束。初始狀態(tài)都為就緒狀態(tài)。指針按優(yōu)先數(shù)的大小把5個(gè)進(jìn)程連成隊(duì)列，用指針指出下一個(gè)進(jìn)程PCB的首地址。開始運(yùn)行之前，為每個(gè)進(jìn)程確定它的“優(yōu)先數(shù)”和“要求運(yùn)行時(shí)間”。通過鍵盤輸入這些參數(shù)。處理器總是選擇隊(duì)首進(jìn)程運(yùn)行。采用動(dòng)態(tài)改變優(yōu)先數(shù)的辦法，進(jìn)程每運(yùn)行1次，優(yōu)先數(shù)減1，要求運(yùn)行時(shí)間減1。進(jìn)程運(yùn)行一次后，若要求運(yùn)行時(shí)間不等于0，則將它加入就緒隊(duì)列，否則，將狀態(tài)改為“結(jié)束”，退出就緒隊(duì)列。若就緒隊(duì)列為空，結(jié)束，否則轉(zhuǎn)到(3)重復(fù)。1.5數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與全局變量typedefstructpcbintpname;/進(jìn)程名intpriority;/優(yōu)先級(jí)intrunTime;/所需時(shí)間intst

3、ate;/狀態(tài)struetpcb*next;/下一個(gè)進(jìn)程控制塊PCB;/進(jìn)程控制塊intnum;/存儲(chǔ)進(jìn)程數(shù)PCBreadyHead;/頭結(jié)點(diǎn)，不存儲(chǔ)進(jìn)程PCB*readyEnd;/指向尾結(jié)點(diǎn)的指針1.6函數(shù)說明主函數(shù)main()輸入進(jìn)程數(shù)并調(diào)createProcess()初始化進(jìn)程；若有進(jìn)程，則依次調(diào)用sortProcess()、runProcess()、printProcessLink()和printProcesslnfo()。進(jìn)程創(chuàng)建函數(shù)createProcess()輸入進(jìn)程標(biāo)識(shí)、優(yōu)先級(jí)和運(yùn)行時(shí)間進(jìn)行初始化。進(jìn)程排序函數(shù)sortProcess()用冒泡排序算法根據(jù)進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先級(jí)進(jìn)行降序排序

4、，每次排序之后優(yōu)先級(jí)最高的進(jìn)程放在就緒隊(duì)列首。進(jìn)程運(yùn)行函數(shù)runProcess()將數(shù)組首的進(jìn)程優(yōu)先級(jí)和所需時(shí)間減1；若剩余所需時(shí)間為0則PCB狀態(tài)標(biāo)記為E(結(jié)束)。輸出函數(shù)printProcessLink()和printProcessInfo()printProcessLink()輸出進(jìn)程鏈，printProcessInfo()輸出進(jìn)程控制塊詳細(xì)信息。1.7運(yùn)行結(jié)果表1.1進(jìn)程數(shù)5序號(hào)優(yōu)先級(jí)運(yùn)行時(shí)間134252341415523對(duì)表1.1數(shù)據(jù)的運(yùn)行結(jié)果：il2222NO.1InputInputHO.3InputInputprocessinfornationbeforerunning：NAME

5、processinfornationbeforerunning：NAMEprocessinfornationbeforerunning：NAME444readyreadyreadyreadyreadyreadyreadyreadyreadyreadyreadyreadyreadyready4processlink：2-3-1-5-44processlink：2-1-5-4processname:1ppiority：3FunTime：4processname:2priority：5FunTime：2processname:3priority：4punTime：1processname:4prio

6、riti/：lrunTime：5processname:5priority：2runTime：3Houmanyprocessdoyouuanttorun:5InputPRIORITVRUNTIMESTATUSNEXTPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXTPRIORITVRUNTIMESTATUSNEXT4processlink：13-2-1-5-4(Processrun:33isterminatedprocesspun:22isterminatedxhjcxhxjocxjocxhjcxhjc王111扌守尢7tr?i周底畀_辛主iC*聊!?卜干里i周hjcxhjoocxjocxjoc

7、xhjcxhxk2processinfornationbeforerunning：NAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXT241ready1134ready5523ready4415readyprocesslink：2-1-5-4processrun:2isterminatedprocessinformationbeforerunning：NAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXT134ready5523ready4415readyprocesslink：l-5-4processpun:1NAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUS523ready123

8、ready415readyprocesslink：5-1-4processpun:infornationbeforerunning：processNEXT14processNAMEinfornationbeforerunning：PRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXTreadyreadyreadyprocessl-4-5link：process1run:processinformationbeforerunning：NAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXT1processlink：4-5-1readyreadyreadyprocesspun:44Processex

9、itedaftei*25.2?secondswithyetuynvalue0niUlOAWBIBB-n|xprocessinformationbeforerunning：NAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXTprocessl-4-5link：process1run:processinformationreadyreadyready45beforerunning：processinformationbeforerunning：NAMEPRIORITVRUNTIME8THTU8NEXT404ready5501ready1101ready5-1processrun:4proces

10、sinformationbeforerunningNAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXT501ready1101ready44-13ready1-4processrun:55isterminatedNAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXT14processlink：l-4processrun:11isterminated0-1readyready4processinformationbeforerunning：NAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXT4processlink：4processrun:ready1.8實(shí)驗(yàn)心得指針操作是真的煩

11、。1.9實(shí)驗(yàn)代碼#include#include#include#include#defineN32voidcreateProcess();voidsortProcess();voidprintProcessLink();voidprintProcessInfo();voidrunProcess();typedefstructpcbcharpnameN;進(jìn)程名intpriority;/進(jìn)程優(yōu)先級(jí)intrunTime;/進(jìn)程還需運(yùn)行的時(shí)間片charstate;/R代表ready,E代表endstructpcb*next;PCB;intnum;/進(jìn)程數(shù)PCBreadyHead;/頭結(jié)點(diǎn)，不存儲(chǔ)進(jìn)程

12、PCB*readyEnd;/尾結(jié)點(diǎn)指針intmain()j/*X1111A-g-*-I-J#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*1-，|printf(*實(shí)習(xí)1-1按優(yōu)先級(jí)調(diào)度算法實(shí)現(xiàn)處理器調(diào)度*n)；.jX1111A-g-*-I-J#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J

13、*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*#J*1-pname)；printf(%sisrunning.n,readyHead.next-pname)；printf(%sendsafter%dslice(s).,readyHead.next-pname,readyHead.next-runTime)；elsewhile(readyHead.next!=NULL)sortProce

14、ss()；printProcessInfo()；printProcessLink()；runProcess()；return0；voidcreateProcess()PCB*p,*prior；printf(Howmanyprocessdoyouwanttorun:)；scanf(%d,&num)；while(numnext=p;for(inti=0;ipname);printf(priority:);scanf(%d,&(p-priority);printf(runTime:);scanf(%d,&(p-runTime);p-state=R;p-next=(PCB*)malloc(sizeof

15、(PCB);prior=p;p=p-next;free(p);p=NULL;prior-next=NULL;readyEnd=prior;printf(n);voidsortProcess()charnameN;inti,j,priorityNum,timeNum;PCB*p,*rear;for(p=readyHead.next;p!=NULL;p=p-next)for(rear=p-next;rear!=NULL;rear=rear-next)if(p-prioritypriority)strcpy(name,p-pname);priorityNum=p-priority;timeNum=p

16、-runTime;strcpy(p-pname,rear-pname);p-priority=rear-priority;p-runTime=rear-runTime;strcpy(rear-pname,name);rear-priority=priorityNum;rear-runTime=timeNum;voidprintProcessLink()PCB*p=readyHead.next;printf(processlink:n);while(p!=NULL)printf(%s,p-pname);p=p-next;if(p!=NULL)printf(-);printf(n);voidprintProcessInfo()PCB*p=readyHead.next;printf(processinformationbeforerunning:n);printf(=n);printf(NAMEPRIORITYRUNTIMESTATUSNEXTn);printf(=n);while(p!=NULL)printf(%-16s%-8d%-8d%-8s%sn,p-pname,p-priority,p-runTime,(p-state=R)?ready:end,