英語(yǔ)名詞性從句以及相應(yīng)習(xí)題

1、關(guān)于英語(yǔ)名詞性從句及相應(yīng)習(xí)題第一張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 名詞性從句 noun clause 主語(yǔ)從句subject clause 賓語(yǔ)從句object clause 表語(yǔ)從句predicative clause 同位語(yǔ)從句appositive clause第二張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月我的夢(mèng)想是我能進(jìn)入一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。My dream is that I can enter a key university.That I can enter a key university is my dream.I have a dream that I can enter

2、 a key university.I always dream that I can enter a key university.表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句第三張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月請(qǐng)判斷出下列的句子屬于哪種從句What I want to do is taking a bath.The news that they won the game spread the whole school.I dont think he is an honest boy.The fact is that he stole the car.Do you know the man

3、who is standing over there?It is said that they won the game.(主從)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(賓從)(表從)(定從)(主從)第四張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 連接詞（不做成分）that, if, whether, as if /as though連接代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever連接副詞when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however, 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞第五張，

4、PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月不可省略的連詞： 1. 介詞后的連詞 2. 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 第六張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月主語(yǔ)從句第七張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 在復(fù)合句中作主語(yǔ)的從句.引導(dǎo)詞有連詞: that, whether; 代詞: who, what, which; 副詞: when, where, how, why等.1.That he is a famous singer

5、 is known to us.(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)第八張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 有時(shí)為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it 代替主語(yǔ)從句作形式主語(yǔ)放于句首，而把主語(yǔ)從句置于句末。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：第九張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. It + be + 形容詞 that從句It is

6、necessary / important/ obvious that2. It + be + -ed分詞 that從句It is believed that 人們相信It is known to us all that 眾所周知It has been decided that 已經(jīng)決定第十張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. It + be + 名詞 that從句It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)It is a surprise that . 令人驚奇的是It is a fact that 事實(shí)是4. It + 不及物動(dòng)詞 that從句It appear

7、s that 似乎It happens that 碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起第十一張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月另注意在主語(yǔ)從句中用來(lái)表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 “(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary/ important/ natural/ strange that It is suggested/ requested/ proposed/ desired that 第十二張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月It is necessary that she (sho

8、uld) take a couple of days of rest.It is requested that some immediate effort (should) be made.It is suggested that each student (should) sing a song in English.第十三張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 主語(yǔ)從句中的“主謂一致”：1.主語(yǔ)從句通常被看作一個(gè)整體,因此主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.That they will come _certain.2. what 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由表語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)決定.What

9、he wants _these books.What he wants _some water.注意isareis第十四張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. 單個(gè)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Where and when he was born has not been found. When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. 第十五張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1) 主語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序,即主語(yǔ)在前,謂

10、語(yǔ)在后.2) 連接詞that在從句中起連接作用, 不作任何 成分, 但不能省略.When will he come is not known.XWhen he will come is not known.That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.第十六張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3) whether可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句 譯為“是否”,但if不能.5) 為避免主語(yǔ)冗長(zhǎng)、頭重腳輕, 常用it作形式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句放在后面作真正的主語(yǔ). 例: It is well known/reported/thought/said

11、/ that It is clear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful/ that It is a pity/a shame/an honour/ thatWhether we will visit the Great Wall has not been decided.It has not been decided whether we will visit the Great Wall.第十七張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1_in the regulations that you should not tell other people the p

12、ass word of your e-mail account.(2005上海) A. What is required B .What requires C It is required D. It requires2. The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2006 北京) A. This B. There is C .That is D. It is3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_ ou

13、r astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(2004 上海) A .where B .what C .that D. how Exercises第十八張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月賓語(yǔ)從句第十九張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月賓語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 (及物動(dòng)詞) 或介詞之后。1.She did not know what had happened. 2. Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.

14、3. I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. (作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ))(作介詞的賓語(yǔ))(作形容詞的賓語(yǔ))第二十張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. 由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省。例如： We must never think (that) we are good in everything and that others are good in nothing. 第二十一張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6

15、月注: 在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等的動(dòng)詞后，賓語(yǔ)從句用“（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。 I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我堅(jiān)持要她自己工作。 The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令員命令部隊(duì)馬上出發(fā)。 第二十二張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2. 用who，whom, which, whose, wh

16、at, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，注意句子語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。 I want to know what he has told you. She always thinks of how she can work well. She will give whoever needs help her sincere support. 第二十三張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. 用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句其主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳

17、述語(yǔ)序。此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時(shí)在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if： 第二十四張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月只能用whether不能用if的情況1.在介詞后面： Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.2.在動(dòng)詞不定式前： They asked me whether to sit at the front.第二十五張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.當(dāng)與or not連用，或提出兩種選擇時(shí):I dont know whether hes free or not.Tell me whethe

18、r youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.賓語(yǔ)從句提前，在句首時(shí)：Whether this is true, I cant say.第二十六張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5.引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從：Whether he is right or wrong is a question.The question was whether he went there last night.第二十七張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(4)用if不用whether的情況:1.引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)： He asked me

19、if I hadnt finished my homework.2.引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，if意為“如果”時(shí): Well go hiking if it doesnt rain tomorrow.第二十八張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 賓語(yǔ)從句中的“時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)”與“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上，例如：He told me that he _ his job. 時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)否定轉(zhuǎn)移我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來(lái)這里.I think he

20、 wont come here. ( )I dont think he will come here. ( )had finished注意第二十九張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. 注意賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)句子自身的情況，而使用不同時(shí)態(tài)。例如：I know (that) he studies English every day. I know (that) he studied English last term. I know (that) he will study English next year. I know (that) he has s

21、tudied English since 1998. 第三十張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，如一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America 第三十一張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月doubt用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面用whether/ if 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)或疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，后面用 that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。be sure用于

22、肯定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，后接 that 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句；用于否定句時(shí)，后接whether/if 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。 We doubt =I am not sure whether/ if he can win the game. I dont doubt=I am sure that he will win the game. 第三十二張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月賓語(yǔ)從句中用it作形式賓語(yǔ)We think it our duty that we should help others.如果主句中有形容詞或名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用it來(lái)作形式賓語(yǔ)，把從句放在賓補(bǔ)后面。I find it

23、 impossible that he can finish the work in two days.第三十三張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. He has made _clear _he will not give in . 2. They took_ for granted _ you knew the fact.itthatitthat3. He is a good student except _he is careless .4. I know nothing about him except_you told me.5. He usually walks to sc

24、hool except_ it rains. whatwhenthat第三十四張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月表語(yǔ)從句第三十五張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 在復(fù)合句中作主句的表語(yǔ).引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣1.問(wèn)題是我們和他已失去聯(lián)系.2.這就是亨利怎么解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的.3.天看起來(lái)要下雨了.The problem is_This is_.It looks_.that we have lost touch with him.how Henry solved the problemas if it is going to rain第三十六張，PPT共

25、六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.This is _our problem lies.2.Tomorrow is _ it would be the most convenient.3.The reason _ he didnt come is_ he was ill.4. He was ill. I think that is _he didnt come.5. The question is _ he will be here on time.where whenwhy thatwhy whether第三十七張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月同位語(yǔ)從句第三十八張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，

26、創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 同位語(yǔ)從句在句中起同位語(yǔ)的作用.一般放在名詞fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion, belief, truth 等之后,用以說(shuō)明或解釋前面的名詞.引導(dǎo)詞 that不能?。簧贁?shù)情況下也可用連接副詞.同位語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞fact, news, idea, promise, faith, question, problem, doubt, fear, hope, order, belief, thought, reply, truth, suggestion, advice, proposal第三十九張，PPT共六

27、十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. The thought that we might succeed excited us.2. The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.3. The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.4. I have no idea when he will be back.第四十張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一、同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句相似之處1、兩種從句都可以譯成定

28、語(yǔ)The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （同位語(yǔ)從句）我們隊(duì)取得決賽勝利的消息令人鼓舞。The news that you told us is really encouraging. （定語(yǔ)從句）你告訴我們的消息真的令人鼓舞。第四十一張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2、兩種從句都可以用that引導(dǎo)The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. （同位語(yǔ)從句）學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)些實(shí)用的東

29、西的建議值得考慮。The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. （定語(yǔ)從句+表語(yǔ)從句）值得考慮的建議是學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)些實(shí)用的東西。第四十二張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句不同之處1.從句的作用不同：同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明前面名詞的內(nèi)容；定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)修飾限定前面的名詞。 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. （ “消息”的內(nèi)容：我

30、們隊(duì)取得了決賽勝利）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（對(duì)“消息”加以限定：是你告訴我們的而非來(lái)自其他渠道，但消息是何內(nèi)容卻不得而知）第四十三張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞that的功能不同：that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)是一個(gè)連詞，不充當(dāng)任何成分,但不能省略；而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，既指代先行詞又須在從句中充當(dāng)成分。Dad made a promise that he would buy me a CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充

31、當(dāng)任何成分） 2) Dad made a promise that excited me.（that指代promise，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。）第四十四張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Tell the difference1.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.3.The suggestion that students shoul

32、d learn something practical is worth considering.4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.第四十五張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercises1.Doris success lies in the fact _ she is cooperative and eager to learn from others. (2010上海春季) A. which B. that C. when D.

33、 why2.Do you have any idea_ is actually going on in the classroom? (2005遼寧) A. that B. what c. as D. which3. There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever.(2002上海) A. that B. which c. of which D. what第四十六張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Exercises第四十七張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. They want to know

34、_ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they2. Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put3. Someone is ringing Mary. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who i

35、t isBCI.語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題考點(diǎn)歸納D第四十八張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月II.用if 或whether 填空1. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.2. The question is _ this book is worth writing.3. It depends on _ we will have enough money.4. _ they can do it matters little to us.5._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.whetherwhe

36、therwhetherWhetherIf a.主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、介詞后面的賓 語(yǔ)從句只能用_，不能用if ；b.后面緊跟 or not 時(shí), 用_.whetherwhether第四十九張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月III. that 與whether / if 的選擇： (1) _ knowledge comes from practice is known to all. A. What B. Where C. If D. That(2) It makes no difference _ our sports meet will be held this week

37、or next week. A. that B. eitherC. whether D. when(3) I doubt _ he will come soon.(4) I do not doubt _ he will come soon.DCwhether / ifthat 表示是否時(shí)用_,表示肯定時(shí)用_whether /ifthat第五十張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. _ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.2. _ the earth is round is known to us all.3. _ he wo

38、n the race was _we expected.that:what: _只起連接作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，沒(méi)有詞義_起連接作用，且在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)， 表示“所的”。ThatWhatThatwhat歸納. that, what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別第五十一張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月v. what & whatever; who & whoever; which & whichever 1._ is worth doing is worth doing well.2._we need is more time.3._ broke the windows is

39、still unknown.4._ breaks the law will be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoever _等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含有疑問(wèn)意義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句_等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句都含有疑問(wèn)意義。whoever, whateverwho, what 第五十二張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1. Its generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. which B. that C. whatever D. all what2. These wild a

40、nimals are so special that I would do _ I can to save them. A. which B. that C. whatever D. all what3. _ kills, sells or eats wild animals or birds, is to blame. A.Anyone B.Anyone who C.Those who D.ThoseBCCExercises第五十三張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣：He suggested that a meeting (should) be held i

41、mmediately. It was suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately. His suggestion was that a meeting (should) be held immediately.He made a suggestion that a meeting (should) be held immediately. 表示建議, 請(qǐng)求, 命令, 要求,堅(jiān)持等的名詞性從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣.第五十四張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.在主語(yǔ)從句中用來(lái)表示驚奇, 不相信,惋理應(yīng)如此等, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬

42、語(yǔ)氣( should ) + do,常用句型有1)It is necessary( important, natural, strange, etc) that2) It is a pity( a shame, no wonder etc,) that 3) It is strange that she (should) think so. 第五十五張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月試區(qū)分以下句子Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?1.如

43、果是定語(yǔ)從句，它的從句是不完整的，關(guān)系代詞在句中充當(dāng)成分的；而同位語(yǔ)從句中的that只起連接作用,不做成分。 2.定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞起修飾作用，而同位語(yǔ)從句則解釋說(shuō)明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容。(同從)(定從)拓展第五十六張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.The question is _the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2.They received orders _ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 3.The reason _

44、 I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; becauseCCDConsolidation:第五十七張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because5. _ his dream of going to college will co

45、me true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if6. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. thatDAB第五十八張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7. I have the information _. A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soon C. of that hell come soon D. his coming

46、soon8. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His breakBA第五十九張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月9.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. A. how B. that C. when D. what10.- Can I help you

47、? - Yes, do you know _? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comesAD第六十張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月11. He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if12. They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; whatAD第六十一張，PPT共六十六頁(yè)，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月13.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full A. it B. That C. these D. them 14. I feel _ strange that he should be s