大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程3-unite5《西方節(jié)日》(上外出版社)

1、Unit 5 How to Celebrate Holidays Text A Writing Three Thank-you Letters Pre-reading Questions Cultural Notes Text Structure Text Explanation Useful Expressions Review and Exercises WritingPre-reading QuestionsCan you name some Chinese & Western Festivals? C: The Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival

2、(元宵節(jié)), the Dragon-boat Festival（端午節(jié)）, the Mid-autumn Festival, the Double Ninth Festival，the Laba Rice Porridge Festival，Double-Seventh Day. W: St. Valentines Day, Easter（復(fù)活節(jié)）, Mothers Day, Fathers Day, Halloween（10/31晚）, Thanksgiving, Christmas etc.2. Can you say something about the Thanksgiving da

3、y? If you think you need to express your thanks, who would you like to thank? And For what? Cultural NotesThanksgiving: Thanksgiving iscelebrated in the US on the fourthThursday in November. For manyAmericans it is the most importantholiday apart from Christmas. Schools,offices and most business clo

4、se forThanksgiving, and many people makethe whole weekend a vacation. It isassociated with the time whenEuropeans first came to NorthAmerica. In 1620 the ship theMayflower arrived, bringing about 150people who today are usually calledPilgrims. Mayflower Cultural Notes: Thanksgiving Special Meal: Tod

5、ay people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. The most important part of celebration is a traditional dinner with foods that come from North America. The meal includes turkey, sweet potatoes and cranberries. The turkey is filled with stuffing or dressing, and many families have thei

6、r own special recipe. Dessert is pumpkin made into a pie. Celebrations: On Thanksgiving there are special television programs and sports events. In New York there is the Macys Thanksgiving Day Parade, when a long line of people wearing fancy costumes march through the streets with large balloons in

7、the shape of imaginary characters. Thanksgiving is considered the beginning of the Christmas period, and the next day many people go out to shop for Christmas presents.Pilgrims The term is referred to the 102 English people who sailed to America on the Mayflower in 1620. Their group included 35 Puri

8、tans whose aim was to create a safe religious community in the New World. The Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock, and they established the Plymouth colony. They arrived at the beginning of the hard winter and could not find enough to eat, so many of them died. In the next summer Native Americans showe

9、d them what foods were safe to eat and so they could save food for the next winter. They held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they had survived.Native Americans Native Americans were living in North America for many of hundreds of years before Europeans reac

10、hed the continent. For a long time white people called them Indians. Today many people do not like this name since it is based on a mistake: it was given to the people living in the Americas by Christopher Columbus who thought he had landed in India when he arrived in Americas. Instead, people prefe

11、r to use the term Native Americans.The United States Coast Guard The US military service that is controlled by the US Department of Transportation but becomes part of the US Navy during a war. It was established in 1915. The Coast Guard stops ships suspected of carrying drugs and other illegal goods

12、, and can make arrests. It also keeps watch to see that other laws of the sea are obeyed, rescues ships in danger and has a weather service.Part Five: Text StructurePart Two (Paras 10-16)Part Three (Paras 17-23)Part Four (Paras 24-26)Part One (Paras 1-9)Letters ofGiving-ThanksScan paras. 1 -3 and te

13、ll:Where did the writer spend that thanksgiving?Where was he going?How come he is so busy that day?under way: in motion or operation, having started and making progress 航行中,工作中The nationwide medical reform is now under way.2008奧運(yùn)會(huì)的準(zhǔn)備工作正在進(jìn)行中.Preparations for the 2008 Olympic Games are now well under

14、way.All the way自始至終 any way 無(wú)論如何 By way of 經(jīng)由,通過(guò)的方法 by virtue of 依靠,借助于Para1 : The details indicate that this thanksgiving was unusual, explaining why the writer felt the need to celebrate it in an unusual way. I was one of the Murizm(“軍市一“號(hào))s several cooks and, quite the same as for folk ashore, th

15、is Thanksgiving morning had seen us busily preparing a traditional dinner featuring roast turkey.Paraphrase: I was one of the Murizms cooks at that time. On the morning of Thanksgiving Day, we, just like people ashore, were busy with preparing a traditional dinner that features roast turkey.put away

16、: 把放好, 收好; 她有個(gè)習(xí)慣就是, 看完書后就把書收好.She has a habit of putting away her books after reading them. You wash the dishes and Ill put them away in the cupboard.The old couple has put away a considerable sum of money for their future life.儲(chǔ)蓄,存錢 paras4-84. What was the writer thinking about on the deck after th

17、e days hard work? I made my way out there, breathing in great, deep draughts while walking slowly about, still wearing my white cooks hat.譯: 我信步走去,一邊深深呼吸著空氣,一邊慢慢地踱著步, 頭上還戴著那頂白色的廚師帽.get to sth./doing sth.: 開始考慮, 做事Recently Ive got to wondering why I am doing the part-time job.Ill get to the accounts

18、as soon as possible.經(jīng)歷了這次事件之后, 他開始對(duì)他周圍的人好了.Having gone through the accident, he got to treating people around him kindly.and the rest: and so on 等等The patient can have apples, apple sauce, and the rest.The citizens are interested in the governments policies on such important issues as health, educat

19、ion, tax, and the rest. in quest of: seeking 尋求,探求Tony went to the school library in quest of Mark Twins novels.他們?nèi)ゼ又輰ふ医鹱?They went to California in quest of gold.reverse: v. 扭轉(zhuǎn),反轉(zhuǎn); adj. 相反的,反面的 n. 背面, 反面; n. 失敗,挫折They have made it clear that they will not reverse the decision to increase prices.Why

20、 dont you reverse the order so that I play first and she plays second?The financial reverses wont discourage him.turn over: think about 思考; Even when she didnt say anything you could see her turning things over in her mind.他靜靜地坐在那里, 思考著那個(gè)問(wèn)題.He sat quietly, turning over the problem. 移交(控制權(quán)/所有權(quán)等)The o

21、ld lady turned the shop over to her granddaughter when she retired.repay: pay back, reward 償還She repaid me the money.我該如何報(bào)答你對(duì)我的好呢?How can I ever repay you for your kindness?Para9What did he then do?repay: pay back, reward 償還She repaid me the money.我該如何報(bào)答你對(duì)我的好呢?How can I ever repay you for your kindn

22、ess?Paraphrase: I had never expressed my thanks to them, even a simple, sincere “thank you.”So much as “甚至”He doesnt so much as invite his best friends.他甚至連他最好的朋友都沒邀請(qǐng).Mike left all of a sudden, without so much as a simple “bye-bye”.Summary for Part One(para1-9):The writer came up with the idea of_.

23、expressing his gratitude to people who had helped him before. Para 10 I realized, swallowing hard, that half of them had since died-so they were forever beyond any possible expression of gratitude from me.Paraphrase: I feel terribly sorry since about half of them had died, so that they could never r

24、eceive any expression of appreciation from me. gratitude: 感激 (to sb./for sth.)It is my great pleasure to be here to express my sincere gratitude to my fellow members for electing me as your president.她對(duì)我們的幫忙表示感激.She expressed her gratitude for our help.Sincere / show / feel / deep statement: Sth.tha

25、t is said, esp. formally and officially 陳述, 聲明The trade union issued a statement opposing racial discrimination.In his newly-published book, Williams made a number of statements about modern life.specific: 具體的 specific description/purpose/details/factsThe new system made it easier for employers to r

26、ecruit workers based on specific needs.你有沒有一些對(duì)你要申請(qǐng)的工作有用的具體技能?Do you have any specific skills that will be of use to you in the job you are applying for?on ones behalf/ on the behalf of sb.: 代表, 為了的利益.He delivered a speech on the behalf of all the graduates on Graduation Day.律師代表當(dāng)事人說(shuō)話.The lawyer spok

27、e on behalf of his client.impress: 使重視, 給予強(qiáng)烈影響; 使印象深刻The teacher tried to impress on his students the necessity of being honest.我父親使我明白了努力工作的價(jià)值.My father impressed on me the value of hard work.Mr. Smith often impresses his students with humor in his speeches.I was deeply impressed by/with his perfor

28、mance. impressive 動(dòng)人的, 使人印象深刻的 impression n. 印象 diminish: make or become smaller or less vt/i. (使)減少, 變小Her patience with the children diminished as the hours went by.Time will not diminish our friendship.沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān)并沒有降低他對(duì)戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱情.The heavy workload does not diminish his enthusiasm for outdoor sports. S

29、o many times I have felt a sadness when exposed to modern children so immersed in the electronic media that they have little or no awareness of the marvelous world to be discovered in books.Paraphrase: have felt sorry for many times when I saw modern children immersed themselves in the electronic me

30、dia to such an extent that it almost remained unknown to them that there is a marvelous world in books.expose: leave uncovered; make accessible 使暴露, 使接觸Be exposed to 暴露于; 與接觸It is feared that people living near the power station may have been exposed to radiation.The immigrants children exposed to A

31、merican pop culture often rebel when their parents try to impose the values they brought with them.這種植物不能暴露在強(qiáng)光下.This plant cant be exposed to strong sunshine.immerse: over completely in a liquid; absorb deeply 使沉浸(在水中); 專心于 I held my breath and immersed myself in water, trying to stay under water fo

32、r as long as possible.約翰完全沉浸在電腦游戲中, 沒有意識(shí)到周圍發(fā)生的事情.John was so immersed in playing the computer games that he was unaware of things happening around him.assemblea) bring or call together in a group集合,集會(huì)Delegates were assembling in Geneva for the conference.b) fit together the parts or pieces of 組裝It t

33、ook me less than an hour to assemble the bookcase.Everyone _ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.00-06, CET-6A. Piled B. assembled C. joined D. accumulate BConsiderate of 對(duì)無(wú)微不至, 考慮周到Considerable相當(dāng)?shù)? 非常的 sprinkle 灑, 噴灑Sprinkle sth. on/over sth. Sprinkle water on the grassSprinkle st

34、h. with sth. Sprinkle the dish with pepper.Summary for part two (paras. 10-16)The writer wrote 3 thank-you letters to _, _, and _.his fatherRev. Nelsonhis grandmother Part 3: accord: a) grant給予, 贈(zèng)與The headmaster accorded me permission to attend the seminar.我們對(duì)他給予了熱烈的歡迎.We accorded a warm welcome to

35、him. b) be in agreement ( with) (使)符合, 一致His behavior does not accord with his principles.我們應(yīng)該言行一致.What we say should accord with what we do. accord with 與相一致 accord sth. to sb. 贈(zèng)給 in accord with 與一致, 融洽 of ones own accord 主動(dòng),自愿 with one accord 全體一致地 in accordance with 根據(jù) accordance. n. 符合, 一致, 和諧 a

36、ccordingly. 相應(yīng)地, 因此, 所以.successive: following one after the other連續(xù)的, 不斷的The Brazilian mens soccer team has won three successive games so far.接二連三的恐怖襲擊已經(jīng)引起了所有人的關(guān)注.The successive terrorism attacks have aroused the attention from all humanity. succession n. 連續(xù), 連續(xù)不斷的事物 in succession 接連的 a succession o

37、f victories 連續(xù)的勝利 successor 后繼者, 繼承者 succeed. 繼承, 繼任.Paras 19/20 question: How did he feel and why? Paraphrase: Then came the time when the loudspeaker called there was mail for us, I received three replies from Grandma, Dad and the Reverend Nelson. After reading them, I felt astonished, but more hu

38、mbled than ever.Para 20Paraphrase:They didnt say they would forgive me for not thanking them, but instead, for Gods sake, they thanked me for having remembered what they had done and for having thought they had done sth special to me.Undergo v. to go through, endure 經(jīng)歷, 遭受 Undergo great hardship/suf

39、fering 遭受巨大的艱難, 困苦 Undergo repair/surgery接受檢修, 進(jìn)行手術(shù).She has undergone a lot of sufferings during the last 20 years.After the craft returned safely to Earth, Yang Liwei underwent immediate physical exam. para23 A glance at Grandmas familiar handwriting, brought back in a flash memories of standing al

40、ongside her white rocking chair, watching her “settin, down” some letter to relatives.Paraphrase: As I saw Grandmas familiar handwriting, what instantly came to mind was the time when I stood beside her white rocking chair and watched her writing to relatives. para23I wept over -whom she used to dia

41、per!Paraphrase:I was moved to tears that my grandma had spent hours recently in expressing her loving gratefulness to me.Bring back 使記起, 使回想起The smell of autumn always brings back memories of new terms at school.The whole scene brought back the days of my childhood. Bring forward 把提前( the party); 提出

42、( a plan) Bring about 導(dǎo)致, 使發(fā)生 Bring out 生產(chǎn); 揭示 Bring through 拯救 , 救活 In a flash: 立刻, 一瞬間The 100-meter dash was over in a flash. A flash in the pan 曇花一現(xiàn) A flash of lightning 閃電 A flash of hope一線希望 Summary for part three ( paras. 17-23) The writer got 3 letters in reply.Part 4Questions:What did he lea

43、rn from the 3 letters?What did he wish for all people when another Thanksgiving was drawing near?Go about 四處走動(dòng); 開始, 從事, 著手做How shall we go about the job?你怎樣著手修理這臺(tái)機(jī)器?How do you go about repairing this telex machine?Go about with sb. 和常聯(lián)系, 走動(dòng)Nowadays its quite common to see freshmen go about with thei

44、r girlfriends.In the end we are mightily(在很大程度上, 非常) and merely people, each with similar needs.譯:其實(shí),我們都是十分相象的凡人, 有著相似的需求.Summary for Part Four(para 24.26)The writer wishes everyone to _.find the good and praise it.認(rèn)真思考graduate into a habit of 真摯的文字由衷的感激genuine statementsgive serious thought to漸漸地變成

45、一種習(xí)慣很少了解給撒下美妙遐想電子媒體heartfelt appreciationelectronic mediahave little awareness of 按常規(guī)sprinkle with stardust個(gè)人經(jīng)歷in the routine最重要的事personal experiencetopmost priority圍聚在周圍 a rocking chair 一把把發(fā)生迅猛的變化fistful ofcluster about搖椅靠當(dāng)為生使某人意識(shí)到向表達(dá)充滿愛意的謝意 undergo swift changesexpress ones loving gratefulness tom

46、ake a living as 有著相似的需求give sb. an insight into簡(jiǎn)單的常識(shí)with similar needs 實(shí)現(xiàn)世界和平simple common sense achieve world peace對(duì)至關(guān)重要be paramount forCorrespon-dentsLetters sent (paras13-15)Letters received(paras 21-23)FatherThe Rev. NelsonGrand-motherThank him for teaching the writer from boyhood to love books

47、and reading.Thank him for his morning school prayersThank him for teaching the writer how to tell the truth, to share, to be forgivingTell his son how he, as a teacher and father, felt content with him.About his retirement with self-doubt, and the reassurance the letter brought to him.Expresses her

48、loving gratefulness for her grandsonholdcabinafterdeckdeckshipcoastguardsmansailorseamanshipmatePut to seaBe under wayBe at seaWord WebKey Points Review重點(diǎn)回顧 I was one of the Murzims several cooks and, quite the same as folks ashore, his Thanksgiving morning had seen us busily preparing a traditional

49、 dinner, featuring roast turkey. (現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)).例: As early as 1647, Ohio made a decision that free, tax supported schools must be established in every town _ 1,000 households or more. (1998-01, CET-4) A. having B. to have C. to have had D. having hadA分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)例: After the Arab states won independence, great

50、 emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _ to go to school.(97-01, CET-4)to be encouraged B. been encouragedbeing encouraged D. be encouraged 介詞with引出分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu),表示一種陪襯性動(dòng)作或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明. C分詞作狀語(yǔ) I made my way out there, breathing in great, deep draughts while walking slowly about, stil

51、l wearing my white cooks hat.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))例: _ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth. (96-06, CET-4) A. Having believed B. Believing C. Believed D. Being believedB真題回放1. As Ill be away for at least a year, Id appreciate _from you now and then telling me how

52、 everyone is getting along. (2000研) A. hearing B. to hear C. to be hearing D. having heard2. The words of his old teacher left a _ impression on his mind. He is still influenced by them. (00-01, CET-4) A. long B. lively C. lasting D. liberalAC真題回放3. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we

53、 can meet the bodys need for it from natural resources without turning _ the salt bottle(鹽灌) 01-01, CET4 A. up B. to C. on D. over4. The younger persons attraction to stereos cant be explained only _ familiarity with technology. 99-06, CET-6 A. in quest of B. by means of C. in terms of D. by virtue of BC真題回放5. In Britain people _ four million tons of potatoes every year.00-01, CET-4 A. swallo