高考英語(yǔ)第一輪復(fù)習(xí)模塊Unit3

1、高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module 2 Unit 3 Computers1.重點(diǎn)單詞（1）type: n 類型v 打字 typewriter: 打字機(jī) typist:打字員 typical: adj. 典型的 (2)anyway adv. 無(wú)論如何，總之（3）advantage: cn. 優(yōu)點(diǎn)，優(yōu)勢(shì)；有利條件； 反義詞disadvantage（4）create: vt. 創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作；造成（5）wander: vi. 漫步、徘徊；迷路（6）common: adj. 共同的，共有的（7）analytical : adj. 分析的； n. analysis分析，分析結(jié)果；analyst分析者（8）inte

2、lligence n. 智力，聰明，智能；intelligent adj.（9）totally adv. 完全地，整個(gè)的； total adj.全體的，全部的。（10）disagree vi. 不同意，不一致(11)personally adv. 親自的，就本人而論； personal adj.個(gè)人的；person n.身體，人格，人(12)settle:解決；解答settlement:解決（辦法）2、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)（1）in common 共有，共用（2）in ones opinion 依-看；據(jù)-認(rèn)為（3）go by:vi 走過(guò)，順道訪問(wèn)（4）so-that 如此-以至于（5）deal with

3、 處理，安排，對(duì)付（6）in a way 在某種程度上（7）make up 彌補(bǔ)，整理，化妝-（8）after all 畢竟 3、重點(diǎn)句型so-that-如此。以致于。-結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句4、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)The Present Perfect Passive Voice現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由”has/have + been + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。Has/have為助動(dòng)詞；They havent been told the exciting news yet, have they? 他們還沒(méi)有被告訴這個(gè)令人激動(dòng)地消息，對(duì)嗎？【點(diǎn)撥】1）sinc

4、e then, since+從句，so far, by now, up till, now, recently, lately, already, yet等常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中。2）ever, never, already, yet等副詞用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，放在has或have之后.2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法1）表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在說(shuō)話之前，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果 The door has been locked. 門已經(jīng)被鎖上了。 表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并有可能持續(xù)下去，常于for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或用于“How long-?”句

5、型中 How long has the machine been used? 這臺(tái)機(jī)器使用多久啦?3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)地方1）注意與一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別。一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)所表示的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系The bridge was built last year. The bridge has been built. 這座橋已經(jīng)建好啦。注意特殊動(dòng)詞：borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，否則要改換動(dòng)詞和狀態(tài)。

6、How long has this book been bought? (F) How long ago was this book bought?(T)但這類動(dòng)詞的否定句可以和一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。No book s have been bought since last week. 【典型例題】1. All the preparations for the task _already , and we are ready to start.(NMET2000春招)completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed

7、【點(diǎn)撥】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。按照句意“這項(xiàng)工作的一切準(zhǔn)備工作已經(jīng)就緒,我們只等開始了”。前半句主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，后半句暗示說(shuō)話是從現(xiàn)在著眼，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).【典型例題】2. -Why does the Lake smell terrible? （09福建卷）-Because large quantities of water . A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted【點(diǎn)撥】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂語(yǔ)一致 根據(jù)前一分句可知所填動(dòng)詞表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)

8、現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)是large quantities of water，其中心詞是quantities，是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).【典型例題】3. His sister left home in 1998, and _ since. （09海南）had not been heard of B. has not been heard ofC. had not heard of D. has not heard of【點(diǎn)撥】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)否定句按照句意為：他的妹妹在1998年離開家，自從那時(shí)就沒(méi)有音訊了?！緦?shí)戰(zhàn)演練】1. The flowers w

9、ere so lovely that they _ in no time. （2007 全國(guó)卷I）sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell2. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _ in the past years. （2007 上海卷）discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】3. I got caught in the r

10、ain and my suit_（2007 北京卷）A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined4. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement _.（2007 江蘇卷）has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】5. John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it_

11、seriously. （2007 上海春）Adamaged Bwas being damaged Chad damaged Dhad been damaged6. If Newton lived today, he would be surprise by what _ in science and technology.（2007 天津卷）A. had discovered B. had been discovered C. has discovered D. has been discovered【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】7. Professor James will give us a lecture

12、 on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet. （2007 浙江卷）A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decided8. Till now, three new gymnasiums in Beijing.would be completed B. was being completedC. have been completed D. had been completed【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】9. When and where to go f

13、or the on-salary holiday _yet.A. are not decided B. havent been decidedC. is not being decided D. hasnt been decided10.（08安徽卷）33. I like these English songs and they _many times on the radio.A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught11.(08上海卷)32.In recent years many football clubs _

14、as business to make a profit.A. have run B. have been runC. had been run D. will run1、重點(diǎn)詞匯考點(diǎn)一 common【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】adj. 共同的，普遍的；常見的Phrases: in common 共有，在句中多作狀語(yǔ)）have nothing/little/a lot/something in common (with) 與-沒(méi)有/許多/有些共同之處in common with 和-一樣common sense 常識(shí)Jane and I have nothing in common(=I have nothi

15、ng in common with Jane).我與簡(jiǎn)毫無(wú)共同之處【點(diǎn)撥】辨析common, ordinary，usual相同點(diǎn)：這三個(gè)詞都有“普通的”意思不同點(diǎn)：common 指“共有的，公共的；共同的；常見的”。反義詞rare.The problems are common to all societies.這些問(wèn)題是所有社會(huì)的通病common作“普通的”講可與ordinary換用。如“普通人”也可說(shuō)成common people。ordinary 意為“普通的，平淡無(wú)奇的”，指沒(méi)有什么特別的地方He is in ordinary clothes.他穿著平常的衣服。usual 意思是“平常的

16、，通常的，一向的”，慣例。We met every day at the usual place. 我們每天在往常那個(gè)地方見面【典型例題】Harry visited the bookstore every week. He became such a _customer that the bookseller gave him some books as presents.A. common B. normal C. usual D. average【點(diǎn)撥】考查同義詞辨析。由Harry visited the bookstore every week可知，他是?？?，因此有習(xí)慣，慣例.考點(diǎn)二 a

17、dvantage【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】u & C 優(yōu)勢(shì)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)It is an advantage if you know how to speak English 如果你會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，將對(duì)你有利。He had the advantage of me. 他比我占優(yōu)勢(shì)?！就卣寡由臁縯ake an advantage of=make full use of 趁機(jī)利用；占-便宜have/gain/win an advantage over/of sb 勝過(guò)give sb. an advantage over 使某人處于更有利的地位【典型例題】The board are discussing the possible

18、 _they can take of the present economic.A. notice B. advantage C. use D. best【點(diǎn)撥】考查固定短語(yǔ)用法按照句意知道此次為“利用”；分析句式.考點(diǎn)三 disagree 【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】vi. 不同意；不一致；disagree with sb 不同意某人的觀點(diǎn) disagree with sb on/about sth 和某人在某事上觀點(diǎn)不同I quite disagree with what you did.你所做的我很不贊成【拓展延伸】agree on sth對(duì)達(dá)成協(xié)議 agree to同意計(jì)劃、建議等agree with

19、同意某人的意見；適合 agree to do sth同意干什么事【典型例題】 You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is_ I disagree.why B. where C. what D. how【點(diǎn)撥】考查disagree的搭配。由disagree為不及物動(dòng)詞，按照句意可知怎么，如何.考點(diǎn)四 deal with【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】 1）對(duì)待；處理；（一般與how連用）How are you going to deal with the problem? 你們打算怎樣處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題呢？2）與-往來(lái)，與-相處（后接人）Such m

20、an is difficult to deal with. 這種人不容易相處3）與-做生意，與-做買賣。Ive dealt with him for ten years. 我和他做生意已經(jīng)10年了。4）關(guān)于，有關(guān)，論及This book deals with the Middle East. 這本書是關(guān)于中東的。【拓展延伸】do with 對(duì)待，處理（與what連用）；以對(duì)付過(guò)去，忍受（與助動(dòng)詞連用）He didnt know what to do with the property his father had left.他不知道如何處理他父親留下的財(cái)產(chǎn)I cant do with the

21、loud noise. 我無(wú)法忍受那種噪音【點(diǎn)撥】作”對(duì)待，處理”解，二者同義，deal with與how搭配，do with與what搭配 【典型例題】He knows _ to deal with man but when he meets women, he doesnt know _ to do.A. what; how B. what; what C. how; what D. how; how解析 作”對(duì)待，處理”解，do with 和deal with同義，deal with與how搭配，do with與what搭配。考點(diǎn)五 in a way 【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】在某種程度上（表示對(duì)情況

22、的態(tài)度）。In a way, its kind of nice to be studying alone.在某種程度上講，獨(dú)自一個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)?！军c(diǎn)撥】in a way=in one way=in some ways；in the way意為“，擋道；造成阻礙”【拓展延伸】in one way 在某方面； in some ways 在某些方面；in no way 決不，無(wú)論如何不（位于句首構(gòu)成倒裝）；on ones way to在去的路上； by the way順便說(shuō)；in any way在任何方面； in every way在各方面；in the way和in ones way兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)含義

23、相同”擋住去路；礙事”之意?！镜湫屠}】I cant see the word on the blackboard. Your head is _. A. on the way B. in a wayC. by the way D. in the way【點(diǎn)撥】考查way短語(yǔ)辨析in the way和in ones way，均表示”擋住去路；礙事”之意?？键c(diǎn)六 make up【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】 vt.組成；編造；彌補(bǔ)；化妝；補(bǔ)償It took her 30minutes to make up her face. 她花了30 分鐘來(lái)化妝。【拓展延伸】 make up for 補(bǔ)償 make out辨認(rèn)

24、出；理解，了解 be made up of 由組成 make good/full use of 合理利用 make the best use of 盡量利用 make sure 確定；弄準(zhǔn) make for 向前進(jìn),有助于 make ones way 向前進(jìn)【典型例題】The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for few seconds to try to_.A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over【點(diǎn)撥】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析按照句意此處有“辨別，理解”之意。make ou

25、t 分辨，辨認(rèn)出；make off匆忙離開；make up 補(bǔ)償，組成；make over轉(zhuǎn)讓，改造考點(diǎn)七 go by 【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】（時(shí)間）過(guò)去，流逝；經(jīng)過(guò)，（某處）Several years went by before we met again. 過(guò)去了好幾年我們才再度見面?！就卣寡由臁縢o after 追求 go against 反對(duì) go ahead 先行一步；進(jìn)展go over 復(fù)習(xí) go out 熄滅 go though 經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)檢查go on with 繼續(xù) go in for 愛好；從事go off 悄悄離開；食物變壞go on進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行 pass by sb從某人旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)【

26、典型例題】 I dont _ rock n roll. Its much too noisy for my taste. A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go in for 【點(diǎn)撥】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)按照句意此處為“喜歡”之意。go after 追求；go away with與某人一塊離開；go into 進(jìn)入；go in for 愛好，從事2. 重點(diǎn)句型考點(diǎn)八 sothat 【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)】意思是”如此以至于”so/such-that- 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句;2) 常見句型 adj./adv.+ that-clause so + adj.+ a/an +

27、 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that-clause many/much/few/little + n.+ that-clauseso與many/ few/ little/ much 連用 當(dāng)little修飾可數(shù)指大小時(shí)與such連用。Shes so ill that she cant get out of bed.她病得很重，都下不了床了?！就卣寡由臁縮uchthat 意為”太以至于”，也引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句such +a/an + adj. + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that-clause such + adj.+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that-clause such + adj.+ 不可數(shù)名詞 + that-c

28、lauseThese are such interesting books that children like to read them.這些書很有趣，孩子們喜歡讀?！就卣寡由臁縮o that 既可以表達(dá)結(jié)果，又可以表達(dá)目的，表目的相當(dāng)于in order that。I stopped so that you could catch up.我停下來(lái)以便你能趕上sothat結(jié)構(gòu)的so+形容詞/副詞位于句首時(shí)，主句要倒裝。So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.他工作那么努力，幾乎不回家。suchas中的as引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句【典型例題】-Wh

29、at a beautiful day!-Yes, its _that Id like to take a walk.A. such nice weather B. so a nice weather C. too nice weather D nice weather so【點(diǎn)撥】考查so/suchthat-句型結(jié)構(gòu)。因?yàn)榇颂巜eather是中心詞，但它為不可數(shù)名詞，所以不能加冠詞。 【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】1.I _ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair

30、price for their products. （08江西卷）A. make B. look C. take D. think2. You have to be a fairly good speaker to _ listeners interest for over an hour. （08遼寧卷）A. hold B. makeC. improve D. receive【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】3. How do you a car accident when is happens?A. do about B. do with C. deal with D. deal about4. Go for

31、a picnic this weekend, ok? - . I love getting close to nature. A. I couldnt agree more B. Im afraid notC. I believe not D. I dont think so【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】5. Mr. smith and his wife the housework and live happily.A. spare B. support C. care D. share6. He had little education that he cant teach a little child.A.

32、 so, such B. such, such C. so, so D. such, so【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】7. Christmas is to coming; we are in October already. A. on the way B. in the way C. out of the way D. by the way8. What happened to you last night? Why didnt you come to my party in time?- Sorry, the traffic was too heavy, and _, my car broke down on the way.whats more B. whats the worseC. whats worse D. worst of all【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】9. He me to come,