定語從句的翻譯策略Translation of Attributive Clause

1、Translation of Attributive Clause基本方法：1.前置法：將英語的限制性定語從句翻譯成“的”字結(jié)構(gòu)，將其置于被修飾語之前。Trade barrier is a pressing problem which we must deal with. There are real estate markets, foreign exchange markets, labor markets, short-term capital market, and so on; there may be a market for anything that has a price.(

2、任何有價(jià)值的東西都可能有市場(chǎng)）1It was found that a country benefits more by producing goods it can make most cheaply and buying those goods that other countries can make at lower costs than by producing everything it needs within its own border. 22. 后置法：譯成并列分句，重復(fù)先行詞；或省略先行詞。The managing director received a letter f

3、rom her that announced her resignation. They have worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.33. 溶合法：原句中的主語部分與定語從句溶合而譯成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子。常見于there be結(jié)構(gòu)中。Fortunately there are some US Congressmen who are supportive of extending MFN treatment to China.幸好有些美國國會(huì)議員支持延長(zhǎng)對(duì)華最惠國待遇。4分述翻譯：關(guān)

4、系代詞還原，即將它譯成所指代的先行詞或重復(fù)之；簡(jiǎn)化或概括先行詞；主從糅合，重新組合。He was first introduced to the employees at the welcoming party by his friend Peter Newmark who was already managing director of the corporation.5I received the impression of a brutal, clever, competent man who, in business matters, at all events, would be p

5、itiless. 6To those visitors who come from countries where social relationships develop more slowly during a longer period of time, the American way may seem very frightening, too personal, and rude.在一些國家，居民的社會(huì)關(guān)系是要長(zhǎng)期慢慢培養(yǎng)的。習(xí)慣了這種情形的游客一旦到了美國，可能覺得美國人的方式很可怕，太注意私人問題，沒有禮貌。7The seller must deliver goods whic

6、h are of the quantity, quality and descriptions required by the contract and which are contained or packed in the manner required by the contract. 84. 帶有狀語功能的定語從句的翻譯：在意義上與主句有狀語關(guān)聯(lián)，如表原因、結(jié)果、目的、讓步和假設(shè)等關(guān)系。We did not place an order with that company whose offer was not what we had expected.9You should be c

7、areful not to offend the foreman, who would give you the sack at any time.There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of the directors of the board.The new assistant, who had obtained an MBA degree, could not do the right job, because he had no practical exp

8、erience.雖然新來的助手獲得過工商管理碩士學(xué)位，但是由于缺乏實(shí)際工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不能勝任工作。10They have built a new college here, where students will be trained to become business executives.Men become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their family.人們極其迫切地需要工作，不管什么工作，只要能夠維持一家人的生活就行。 115. 分離式定語從句的翻譯：中心語+形容詞短語/介詞短語

9、/謂語/其他成分/插入語+定語從句；中心詞+兩個(gè)定語從句.Snow-white cloth, suitable for making shirts, that is produced in our factory, has been sold out.He is the only one in the company who hasnt obtained an MBA degree. 他是公司中唯一沒有取得MBA學(xué)位的人。12It is the only place we find in the US that is free of violence.這里是我們?cè)诿绹芤姷降臎]有暴力的地方。

10、A fax has come from the NY-based headquarter that notifies a 5% discount off the original price.We should strengthen our ties with them, on the contrary, who will be very helpful to our economic constructions.(若有插入成分，可以考慮先譯插入語，再譯其他部分）136. As引導(dǎo)的定語從句：句首，句中或句末。As is very natural, the biggest shareholde

11、r gets the greatest benefits.最大的股東獲得最多的利益，這是很自然的（天經(jīng)地義的）。The people of Europe next time would not do the fighting and let the US capitalists do the profit-making, as they did in the first two world wars.14The facts of science are not, as some think, dry and lifeless.在否定句中，可以將as引導(dǎo)的定語從句前置，翻譯成漢語“和/與相反”。

12、She did not, as her family had feared, go to see the stranger alone.與家人擔(dān)心的正相反，她沒有獨(dú)自去見陌生人。15Exercise1. They saw the glimmerings of the “new economic order” for which many third world countries have long been clamoring.2. After a decade of restructuring, the company is making a belated attempt to rega

13、in a steady foothold on its traditional stamping ground. 3. In the absence of aggressive legislation, the lottery business is sure to mushroom, as organized groups invade territory held today by small-time pioneers.164. 中國既是一個(gè)能源消費(fèi)大國，又是一個(gè)能源生產(chǎn)大國。在能源問題上，我們一直主張?jiān)谄降然ダA(chǔ)上，加強(qiáng)國際合作，共同應(yīng)對(duì)包括油價(jià)高在內(nèi)的能源問題。17Text tra

14、nslation1. A new currency called the Euro was launched in Europe. It will replace eleven currencies by the year 2002 so that eleven European countries will share a common euro currency. The euro will make it easier for these countries to trade with each other and for other countries to trade with th

15、em. The euro is latest in a global economy of money which sees frantic trading of currency 24 hours a day. Every day trillions of dollars are moved around the world via banks computers. Even as nations sleep, the fiber optic cables, fax and phone lines, and Internet cyberspace highways are humming with the trade in money.182. 尊敬的各位來賓，女士們，先生們：早上好，很高興參加財(cái)富論壇，我謹(jǐn)以“中國的開放與世界的供贏”為題，