中國(guó)菜肴的翻譯(教案)解讀

1、 中國(guó)菜肴的翻譯（教案）plainrice白飯chicken雞肉prawn明蝦ricenoodles米粉duck鴨肉lobster龍蝦beancurd豆腐abalone鮑魚(yú)shrimp小蝦pork豬肉saltedjellyfish海蜇皮preservedmeat臘肉beef牛肉seacucumber海參crabmeat蟹肉mutton羊肉seaweed海帶frog田雞rabbitmeat/conymeat兔肉sharkfin魚(yú)翅egg雞蛋二中國(guó)菜常用輔料lard豬油fennel茴香soysauce醬油salt鹽gourmetpowder味精essenceofchicken雞精sauce醬sug

2、ar糖paprika紅椒vinegar醋mustard芥茉scallops干貝chili辣椒tomatoketchup/sauce番茄醬curry咖喱garlic蒜barbequesauce沙茶醬pepper胡椒garlicbulb蒜頭caviar魚(yú)子醬scallion,leek青蔥,韭菜chive,shallot蔥seasoning調(diào)味品ginger姜peanutoil花生油三中國(guó)菜常用蔬菜：mustardleaf芥菜tomato番茄,西紅柿needlemushroom金針菇lettuce生菜onion洋蔥buttonmushroom草菇spinach菠菜asparagus蘆筍champig

3、non香菇caraway香菜cucumber黃瓜driedmushroom冬菇hair-likeseaweed發(fā)菜eggplant茄子agarics木耳bambooshoot竹筍potato馬鈴薯whitefungus白木耳driedbambooshoot筍干carrot胡蘿卜taro芋頭chives韭黃pumpkin西葫蘆,南瓜yam山芋cabbage圓白菜,卷心菜melon香瓜,甜瓜pea豌豆leek韭菜loofah絲瓜stringbean四季豆celery芹菜bittergourd苦瓜greensoybean毛豆lettuce萵苣radish蘿卜beansprout豆芽materconv

4、olvulus空心菜greenpepper青椒soybeansprout黃豆芽driedlilyflower金針菜lotusroot蓮藕mungbeansprout綠豆芽cauliflower菜花,花椰菜mushroom蘑菇四中國(guó)菜常見(jiàn)小吃及開(kāi)胃菜steamedbread饅頭saltedduckegg咸鴨蛋plainnoodle陽(yáng)春面meatbun肉包子omelets煎蛋卷barbecuedpork叉燒soya-beanmilk豆?jié){poachedegg荷包蛋milletcongee小米粥shao-mai燒麥scrambleeggs炒蛋teameddumpling蒸餃preservedbeanc

5、urd腐乳crispyrice鍋巴ravioli/wonton餛飩pickledcucumbers醬瓜gruel,softrice,porridge粥friedporkflakes肉松preservedegg皮蛋noodleswithgravy打鹵面fermentedblankbean豆豉driedbeefslices牛肉片riceglueball元宵ricecake年糕driedporkslices豬肉片gluepudding湯圓driedbeancurd豆腐干driedturnip蘿卜干frieddumpling煎貼deep-friedflourstick油條springroll春卷bea

6、ncurdwithodor臭豆腐五中國(guó)菜常見(jiàn)刀工：切/削：cutting去骨：boning腌：pickling/salting切片：slicing去皮：skinning/peeling浸/泡：marinating切絲：shredding刮鱗：scaling去殼：shelling切碎：mincing剁末：mashing斬/剁塊：chopping切?。篸icing刻/雕：carving切柳：filleting釀：stuffing六中國(guó)菜常用烹調(diào)方法：炒：stir-frying燒：braisinggrilling/roasting/basting煎：pan-frying煮：boiling白灼：sca

7、lding爆：quick-frying蒸：steaming鹵：spicing炸：deep-frying燉/煨/燜：simmering/拌：mixing干炸：drydeep-fryingstewing涮：instant-boiling軟炸：softdeep-frying熏：smoking酥炸：crispdeep-frying烘/烤：baking/broiling/七中國(guó)菜肴名稱的翻譯方法：（一）以主料開(kāi)頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的主料和輔料：公式：主料（形狀）+（with）輔料例：杏仁雞丁chickencubeswithalmond牛肉豆腐beefwithbeancurd西紅柿炒蛋Scrambled

8、eggwithtomato2介紹菜肴的主料和味汁：公式：主料（形狀）+（with,in）味汁例：芥末鴨掌duckwebswithmustardsauce蔥油雞chickeninScallionoil米酒魚(yú)卷fishrollswithricewine（二）以烹制方法開(kāi)頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料（形狀）例：軟炸里脊soft-friedporkfillet烤乳豬roastsucklingpig炒鱔片Stir-friedeelslices2介紹菜肴的烹法和主料、輔料公式：烹法+主料（形狀）+（with）輔料例：仔姜燒雞條braisedchickenfilletwithtend

9、erginger3介紹菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料（形狀）+（with,in）味汁例：紅燒牛肉braisedbeefwithbrownsauce魚(yú)香肉絲friedshreddedporkwithSweetandsoursauce清燉豬蹄stewedpighoofincleansoup注：如果菜中有湯，在翻譯時(shí)要根據(jù)菜中湯料的多少區(qū)別對(duì)待。通常采用兩種模式翻譯如果湯少，僅是汁狀，則：主料with湯汁如：茄汁牛肉FriedBeefwithTomatoSauce如果湯多呈稀湯狀，則：主料in稀湯如：鹵炸乳鴿子Deep-friedPigeoninSpicedSauce （三）以形狀或口感開(kāi)

10、頭的翻譯方法1介紹菜肴的形狀（口感）和主料、輔料公式：形狀（口感）+主料+（with）輔料例：芝麻酥雞crispchickenwithsesame陳皮兔丁dicedrabbitwithorangepeel時(shí)蔬雞片slicedchickenwithseasonalvegetables2介紹菜肴的口感、烹法和主料公式：口感+烹法+主料例：香酥排骨crispfriedspareribs水煮嫩魚(yú)tenderstewedfish香煎雞塊fragrantfriedchicken3介紹菜肴的形狀（口感）、主料和味汁公式：形狀（口感）+主料+（with）味汁例：茄汁魚(yú)片slicedfishwithtomato

11、sauce椒麻雞塊cutletschickenwithhotpepper黃酒脆皮蝦仁crispshrimpswithricewinesauce（四）以人名或地名開(kāi)頭的翻譯方法介紹菜肴的創(chuàng)始人（發(fā)源地）和主料公式：人名（地名）+主料例：麻婆豆腐MaPobeancurd四川水餃Sichuanboileddumpling介紹菜肴的創(chuàng)始人（發(fā)源地）、烹法和主料公式：人名（地名）+烹法+主料例：東坡煨肘DongPostewedporkjoint北京烤鴨BeijingRoastDuck在中餐菜名翻譯成英文的過(guò)程中，可以采用多種不同的方法，而且每一道菜都可以從不同的角度入手進(jìn)行翻譯。例如，川菜中的“宮保雞丁

12、”這道菜就有以下幾種譯法：sauteedchickencubeswithpeanutsGongbaochickencubesdicedchickenwithchiliandpeanuts（五）如果菜中配有中草藥，事實(shí)上因?yàn)橥鈬?guó)人并不太懂得各種草藥的實(shí)際作用，對(duì)于他們而言，中國(guó)的草藥都是具有神奇效用的，所以不妨將各種草藥一律翻譯為ChineseHerbs如：天麻燉雞：StewedChickenwithChineseHerbs由此可見(jiàn)，中餐菜名的英譯方法是靈活多變的。至于我們?cè)诜g中最終采用哪種方法，則可根據(jù)各人的習(xí)慣和具體情況確定。不過(guò)根據(jù)一般經(jīng)驗(yàn)，只要掌握了第一種以主料開(kāi)頭的翻譯方法，對(duì)其它種

13、類的翻譯方法便可以觸類旁通，我們只需根據(jù)文中所列出的翻譯公式去相應(yīng)作一些交換就行了。中餐英文菜譜全體乳豬Roastwholesucklingpig特色五福拼盤(pán)Specialfivevarieties.葡國(guó)碳燒肉Portugueseroastpork脆皮靚燒雞Crispychicken湛江皇后水晶雞ZhanjiangCrystalchicken金牌回香雞Goldentastychicken鹽香脆皮雞Saltycrispychicken高州蔥油先雞GaozhoustyleshallotfavourChicken蜜汁碳燒叉燒Honeycharcoalpork碳燒靚排骨Charcoalsparerib

14、s骨香乳鴿Tastybabypigeon錦繡燒味拼盤(pán)Assortedbarbecuemeat新派鹵水拼盤(pán)Newstylesoysaucestewedmeat新派鹵水掌翼Newstylesoysaucestewedgoosewingandfeet新派鹵水大腸頭Newstylesoysaucestewedpigsintestine新派鹵水肚仔Newstylesoysaucestewedpigsstomach新派鹵水腳仔Newstylesoysaucestewedpigshoof鹽焗腎片Bakedsaltychickenkidney涼拌海蜇Marinatedcoldjellyfish刀拍黃瓜Mari

15、natedcoldcucumber小食類Entree日式海蜇JapanesestyleJellyFish日式八爪魚(yú)JapanesestyleOctopus涼拌青瓜Marinatedcoldcucumber涼拌粉皮Marinatedcoldbeanpasty蒜香腎片Garlictastekidney蒜香豬耳仔Garlictastepigsear麻辣鳳爪Spicyhotchickenfeet琥珀核桃DeepfriedwalnutinSyrup特別介紹SpecialRecommendation泰汁銀雪魚(yú)CodfishinThaisauce甜麥豆炒帶子北極貝Stirfrysweetbeanscallo

16、ps脆皮咸豬手SaltytastecrispytrotterXO醬爆花枝片XOSoySauceFryFlowerBranchPieces蘆筍蚌肉鴿片Stirfrybonelesspigeon,musselandasparagus鹽焗豬肚BakedsaltypigsstomachXO醬爆生腸StirfryintestinesinXOsauce辣子雞Stirfrychickenwithhotchili酥炸百花球Crispyfryflowerball醬爆竹腸Stirfryintestineswithbeansauce黑椒蝴蝶骨Frysphenoidwithblackpepper剁椒魚(yú)咀Stirfry

17、fishheadwithhotchili紅蔥頭蒸雞Braisechickenwithshallot沙鍋魚(yú)頭煲Braisefishheadclaypot爆野兔Stirfryrabbit京蔥爆駝峰肉Stirfrycamelhumpwithshallot西芹腰果核桃肉Stirfrycelery,cashewandwalnut鮑汁百靈菇鵝腸Stirfrymushroomandgooseintestineinabalonesauce椒鹽排骨Spicyspareribs剁椒魚(yú)咀StirFryfishmouthwithchoppedpepper尖椒豬肚StirfryPigsStomachwithhotchi

18、li羅定豆豉雞Luodingstylebraisechickeninbeansauce辣子雞丁Stirfrychickendiceswithhotchili鮑汁百靈菇Stirfrymushroomwithabalonesauce紅蔥頭豬俐Stirfrypigngsuetwoithonion鹽焗腎片SaltKidneyPieces蒜香骨Garlictastyspareribs栗干炆雞Stewchickenwithchestnut川汁雞球Sichuanstylechickenmeatball醬爆雙脆Soysaucefrydoublecracking水煮牛肉Poachbeefwithhotchili

19、鮮魷讓鯪魚(yú)膠Squidwithfishstuffing豆腐魚(yú)頭煲BoilFishHeadwithbeancurd豉汁蒸排骨/魚(yú)Steamspareribs/fishwithblackbeansauce豉油王鵝腸Stirfrygooseintestineswithsoysauce姜蔥爆牛肉Stirfrybeefwithgingerandshallot黑椒炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithblackpepper茶樹(shù)菇蒸牛柳Steambeefandmushroom醬爆牛柳Stirfrybeefinbeansauce剁椒魚(yú)頭Stirfryfishheadwithchoppedhotchili生炒骨/

20、酸甜排骨Sweetandsourspareribs老壇子Oldcrock海味什錦煲Stewseafoodcombinationinclaypot泰式鳳爪Thailandstylechickenfeet回鍋肉Sichuanstylestewpork梅菜蒸肉片Steamportwithpreservedvegetable西汁雞扒Chickenwithwesternsauce鮮淮山炆排骨Stewspareribswithyam翠玉蘭花Stirfrybroccoli酸茄黃金釀Brewsweetandsoureggplant雙菇扒菜膽略Stirfrymushrooms牛肉炒蛋Stirfrybeefand

21、egg涼瓜炒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithbittermelon竹笙釀?dòng)褚築rewbambooShootwithwine金華娃娃菜Stirfrybabycabbage尖椒牛肉Stirfrybeefwithhotchili蘆筍炒牛肉Stirfrybeefandasparagus西蘭花超魷魚(yú)Stirfrysquidandbroccoli西芹炒臘味StirfrypreservedhamandceleryXO醬爆魷魚(yú)StirfrysquidinXOsauce韭菜花炒銀魚(yú)Stirfrywhitebaitwithchives土豆炒肉片Stirfryporkwithpotato煲淋大芥菜Leafmust

22、ardinsoup三色蒸蛋Steameggs絲瓜炒肉片/豬肝/豬什Stirfrypork/liver/bowelswithgourd潮式大芥菜肉碎Chaozhoustylemustardleafandmincedpork豆豉鯪魚(yú)炒時(shí)蔬Stirfryfishandvegetableinblackbeansauce節(jié)瓜蝦米粉絲煲Stewdriedshrimps,vermicelliandmeloninclaypot涼瓜炒肉片Stirfryporkwithbittermelon酸豆角炒肉碎Stirfrymincedporkwithpicklebean菜甫煎蛋Fryeggwithvegetable榨菜

23、肉絲韭黃Stirfryporkwithpicklevegetableandleek上湯油菜Boilvegetableinchickenstock鹽水菜芯Boilvegetableinsaltywater廣州炒飯GuangzhouFryRice白玉藏珍Treasureshidesinjwhdte麻婆豆腐Sichuanstylebeancurd涼瓜炒蛋FryEggswithbittenmelon炒油菜Stirfryvegetable茄子煲Steweggplantclaypot蒜蓉炒絲瓜Stirfrygourdwithgarlic虎皮尖椒TigerSkinfrypepper辣椒圈炒蛋Stirfrye

24、gginhotchili酸辣土豆絲Chiliandsourpotato干炒牛河Dryfryricenoodleswithbeef肉片炒面Stirfrynoodleswithpork齋湯面Vegetariannoodlesoup豆豉爆辣椒圈Stirfryhotchiliwithbeansauce老火例湯Soupoftheday豆腐魚(yú)頭湯Fishheadandbeancurdsoup番茄豆腐湯Tomatoandbeancurdsoup紫菜蛋花湯Laverandeggsoup椰子燉雞Braisechickenincoconut土茯苓煲龜Tortoisewithtuckahoesoup單尾品種Snac

25、ksandDesserts榴蓮酥DurianCrispNosh叉燒酥BarbecuedPorkCrispNosh蘿卜酥TurnipCrispNosh蛋撻Eggcustardnosh咸甜薄撐Salt/Sweetpancake潮式煎餅Chaozhoustylepancake番茨餅Sweetpotatopancake黃金餅Goldencake蔥油餅Shallotpancake香煎生肉包Friedmincedporkbun鴛鴦饅頭Assortedsteamedbun炸饅頭Friedbun梅菜扣肉porkwithpreservedvegetable咸魚(yú)蒸肉餅steamedmincedporkwithsa

26、ltfish醬炸里脊丁sautedicedporkfilletwithbrownsauce鮮筍火腿hamwithfreshbambooshoots紅燒豬蹄braisedporkleg麻辣豬肚pigtripewithchilisauce雙片鍋巴slicedmeatandliverwithfriedricecrust豆豉排骨porkchopswithbeansauce糖醋排骨porkchopswithsweetandsoursauce宮保肉丁sauteporkcubeletswithhotpepper麻辣白肉meatwithcayennepepper紅燒蹄筋braisedporktendons紅燒

27、獅子頭meatballsbraisedwithbrownsauce糖粉酥肉friedcrispporksliceswithsugarpowder烤乳豬roastedsucklingpig脆皮鍋酥肉friedcrisppork腐乳燉肉stewedporkwithpreservedbeancurd紅燒扣肉braisedporkslicesinsoysauce蔥爆肉quick-friedporkandscallions咕嚕肉sweetandsourpork荷葉粉蒸肉steamedporkwithriceflavorinlotusleaves回鍋肉doublecookedporkslices陳皮牛肉b

28、eefwithorangepeel烤羊肉串muttonshashlik涮羊肉rinse-mutton/muttonslicesrinsedinchafingdish紅燒羊肉muttonbraisedinbrownsauce湯類：清湯consomme羹chowder老火湯double-stewedsoup連鍋湯porkandradishsoup三鮮湯threefreshdelicaciessoup五滋湯five-flavoredmuttonsoup魚(yú)翅湯sharksfinsoup干貝湯scallopsoup八珍蛇羹snakepotagewitheightdelicacies八寶冬瓜盅stewed

29、whitegourdsoupwitheightingredients人參燉烏雞ginsengandblackhensoup紫菜蛋花湯lavereggsoup竹筍鮮蘑湯soupwithbambooshootsandfreshmush清燉冬菇湯mushroomsoup廬山石耳湯Mt.Lushanstonefungussoup火鴨芥菜湯slicedroast蘆筍雞茸湯mashedchickenandasparagussoup豆苗鞭蓉蛋湯consommeofsnoweggwithbeansprouts錦江拼盆horsdoeuversJinjiangstyle蝴蝶冷盆butterfly-shapedap

30、petizer什錦冷盤(pán)assortedappetizer太極八卦eight-diagram-shapedappetizer鹵雞珍肝spicedchickenliverandgizzard鹵牛肉shreddedboiledporkmeat鹵雞雜spicychickengiblets鹽水鴨肫saltedduckgizzards鴨翅膀duckwingtips拌鴨掌coldduckweb芥末鴨掌duckflipperswithmustardsauce五香花生仁spicedpeanuts開(kāi)洋熗刀豆sauteswordbeanswithdriedshrimps泡辣菜pickledhotvegetables

31、冷拌粉皮coldvermicelliwithmustardandmeatshreds醉蟹winepreservedcrabs咸水蝦boiledshrimpswithsalt紅油肚片slicedporktripeinhotchilioil糟雞chickenpickledinfermentedricewinesauce燒鴨（鵝）roastduck/goose怪味雞multi-flavorchicken麻辣牛肉條spicedbeef白切肉mixedmeatinaspic什錦肉凍sautemeatandvegetable五香鳳爪marinatedchickenfeet五香醬雞spicedmarinat

32、edchicken芥末雞皮chickenskinwithmustardsauce雞絲粉皮chickensliceswithbeanjellysheets辣味麻醬雞翅chickensingswithchilisauceandsesamepaste拌烤鴨絲roastduckshredinsauce麻醬鴨塊duckcutletswithsesamepaste桂花鹽水鴨stewedsalt-preservedduck蝦片shrimpchip瓜皮蝦cucumberwithjellyfishanddriedshelledshrimp生拌魚(yú)rawfishinsauce冰糖燕窩birdsnestincryst

33、alsugar紅酒燒竹雞braisedsnipeinportwine鐵扒乳鴿grilledyoungpigeon糟蛋eggspreservedinwine醬蛋pickledegg茶葉蛋eggintea蒸臘鵝spicedgoosewingtipsandwebfeet潮州鹵鵝spicedgoose,Chaozhoustyle潮州燒雁鵝roastgoose,Chaozhoustyle紅燒全鴨braisedwholeduckinsoysauce五香鴨spicedduck蒸南京板鴨steamedNanjingsaltedduck北京烤鴨roastBeijingduck香糟雞片slicedchickeni

34、nwinesauce炸童子雞deepfriedspringchicken荷葉粉蒸雞steamedchickeninlotusleafpackets炸紙包雞friedchickeninpaperpackets陳皮雞chickeninorangeflavor咖喱雞currychicken砂鍋雞braisedchickenincasserole叫化子雞mud-bakedchicken附雜項(xiàng)（西餐，餐具，糖果等）：breakfast早餐meatbroth肉羹overhard煎全熟蛋l(fā)unch午餐localdish地方菜butter奶油brunch早午餐Cantonesecuisine廣東菜bevera

35、ges飲料supper晚餐menu菜單condensedmilk煉乳;煉奶latesnack宵夜Frenchcuisine法國(guó)菜coffeemate奶精dinner正餐todaysspecial今日特餐coffee咖啡coffeepot咖啡壺buffet自助餐icedcoffee冰咖啡coffeecup咖啡杯fastfood快餐whitecoffee牛奶咖啡papertowel紙巾specialty招牌菜blackcoffee純咖啡napkin餐巾tealeaves茶葉ice-creamcone甜筒tablecloth桌布blacktea紅茶sundae圣代;新地tea-pot茶壺jasmin

36、etea茉莉（香片）ice-cream雪糕teaset茶具teabag茶包icecandy冰棒teatray茶盤(pán)lemontea檸檬茶straw吸管caddy茶罐whitegourdtea冬瓜茶cake蛋糕dish碟honey蜂蜜pancake煎餅plate盤(pán)sodawater蘇打水cereal麥片粥saucer小碟子artificialcolor人工色素toast土司ricebowl飯碗curryrice咖喱飯hamburger漢堡chopsticks筷子birdsnest燕窩hamandegg火腿腸soupspoon湯匙Frenchfires炸薯?xiàng)lbutteredtoast奶油土司knife餐刀bakedpotato烘馬鈴薯Frenchtoast法國(guó)土司cup杯子mashedpotatoes馬鈴薯泥cheesecake酪餅glass玻璃杯pudding布丁whitebread白面包mug馬克杯pastries甜點(diǎn)brownbread黑面包picniclunch便當(dāng)jerky牛肉干cheesecake酪餅toothpick牙簽popcorn爆米花flour-ric