高三一輪英語總復(fù)習(xí)-Unit 4 Global warming 課件【系列四】

1、Unit4 Global warming選修六知識清單知識歸納單詞名詞與自然及環(huán)境有關(guān)：catastrophe, flood, pollution, circumstance與數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)有關(guān)：graph, phenomenon, quantity, data, trend, range, tendency,growth其它：fuel, motor, can, microwave, existence, consequence, commitment, disagreement, educator, contribution, presentation單詞動詞consume, subscribe,

2、 refresh, oppose, state, glance, advocate, tend形容詞random, opposed, mild, steady, widespread, average, outer, electrical, casual, nuclear副詞steadily介詞per短語詞匯表come about, subscribe to, quantities of, go up, result in, be opposed to, even if, keep on, on the whole, on behalf of, put up with, so long as,

3、 and so on課文中run out, heat up, rather than, due to, build up, as a result of, put on, instead of, cut down, work on句式1. It is a(n) . when compared to .例句：It is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.2. 祈使句+ if circumstances allow you to.例句：Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and new

4、spapers if circumstances allow you to.語法“it”的用法（二）1. _ n. 數(shù)量2. _ n. 資料; 數(shù)據(jù)3. _ vt. 反對; 反抗4. _ n. 趨勢; 傾向; 走向5. _ vt. 陳述 n. 狀態(tài), 國家6. _ n. 變化范圍 v. 涉及7. _ adj. 平穩(wěn)的; 持續(xù)的quantitydataopposetrendstate(一) 基本單詞rangesteady8. _ n. 標(biāo)題; 名稱; 頭銜9. _ n. 圖表; 曲線圖10. _ adj. 分布廣的titlegraphwidespread11. _ vt. 使恢復(fù); 使振作12.

5、 _ v. 趨向; 照顧; 護(hù)理13. famine n. _14. renewable adj. _15. phenomenon n. _refreshtend饑荒可更新的; 能再生的現(xiàn)象16. consequence n. _17. catastrophe n. _18. individual n. & adj. _19. advocate vt. _20. consume vt. _結(jié)果; 后來大災(zāi)難; 浩劫個(gè)人; 個(gè)體提倡; 主張; 擁護(hù)消費(fèi); 吃完1. _ vt. 陳述(正式) n. 國家; 狀態(tài); 州 adj. 國立的 _ n.說明, 陳述 _ adj. 宏大的; 優(yōu)雅從容的 _

6、搭配處于狀態(tài)in a . state / in a state of .statementstatelystate(二) 派生單詞2. _ vt. 使恢復(fù); 使振作 _ adj. 使人振作的 _ adj. 振作的; 精神的 _ n. (精力)恢復(fù); 點(diǎn)心refreshmentrefreshingrefreshedrefresh3. _ vi. 趨向; 易于; 照顧 vt. 照顧; 護(hù)理 _ n. 傾向; 趨勢tendencytend 1. compare.to _2. come about _3. result in _4. be opposed to _5. on behalf of _6.

7、 put up with _把比作出現(xiàn); 發(fā)生導(dǎo)致反對代表; 作的代言人忍受; 容忍(三) 短語7. build up _8. 堅(jiān)持; 持續(xù) _9. 大體上; 基本上 _10. 只要 _11. 如此; 等等 _12. 有意義; 有差別 _make a difference鍛煉; 健身; 增強(qiáng)keep onso long asand so onon the whole核心要點(diǎn)【拓展】 consumer n. 消費(fèi)者, 顧客1. consume vt. 消費(fèi); 消耗(時(shí)間、能源或燃料 等); 耗盡; 吃完; 毀滅, 燒毀 【教材原句】 Make a list of the things that

8、consume energy in your home, school, or any other places you can think of. 把在你家中、學(xué)校里或在你能想到的其他 任何地方里消耗能源的物品列個(gè)清單。 (一)單詞2. quantity n. 數(shù)量 【教材原句】 The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 當(dāng)我們在大氣層中增加了大量額外的二氧化碳時(shí), 問題就來了。 【歸納】a quantity of 修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞 a lar

9、ge quantity of + n. 許多(作主語, 謂語用單數(shù))large quantities of + n. 許多(作主語, 謂語用復(fù)數(shù))in quantity 大量地3. tend vi. 趨向; 易于; 照顧 vt. 照顧; 護(hù)理 【教材原句】 It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. 這就意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中,從而引起全球溫度上升。 【歸納】 tend to do sth. 常常會做某事, 往往

10、會做某事 tend to/toward sth. 趨向, 傾向 tend to sb. /sth.(=look after) 照顧, 照料【拓展】 tendency n. 傾向、趨勢, 其后多跟動 詞不定式用tend的適當(dāng)形式填空。1) My mother _ to get fat as she grows older.2) Johnson was outside _ the garden when the fire broke out.3) The drug is effective but has a _ to cause headaches.tendstendingtendency4.

11、oppose vt. 反對; 反抗; 與(某人)較量 【教材原句】 On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. 另一方面, 還有一些人, 像科學(xué)家喬治漢布利, 反對上面的觀點(diǎn),他們認(rèn)為我們不必?fù)?dān)心空氣中會有高含量的二氧化碳。【歸納】 oppose (doing) sth. 反對(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作) be op

12、posed to 反對(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))【拓展】 opposed adj. 強(qiáng)烈反對(常用搭配: be opposed to sth.); 截然不同 根據(jù)漢語意思補(bǔ)全下列句子。1) 他反對修建新禮堂的計(jì)劃。 He _ to build a new hall. 2) 我當(dāng)然反對改變這個(gè)體系。 I would certainly _ the system.3) 她好像很反對你出國。 She seems very much _ your going abroad.opposed the planoppose changingopposed to5. consequence n. 結(jié)果, 后果, 影響 【教

13、材原句】 They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environment consequences. 他們預(yù)言說, 變暖的情況不會很嚴(yán)重, 對環(huán)境的影響也不會太壞。 【歸納】 consequence n. 結(jié)果, 后果 face/ suffer / take the consequences (of sth.) 承擔(dān)(的)后果 in consequence of = as a consequence of 由于的緣故, 作為的結(jié)果【拓展】 consequence n. 重要(性) of little / no / any

14、consequence 無關(guān)緊要, 無足輕重翻譯下列句子。1) 你做了錯(cuò)誤決定，現(xiàn)在必須承擔(dān)后果。 You made the wrong decision, and now you must take / suffer / face the consequences.2) 別擔(dān)心，這無關(guān)緊要。 Dont worry. It is of no / little / any consequence.6. range n. 一組，一系列; 范圍；山脈 v. （在一定的范圍內(nèi)）變動，變化 【教材原句】 It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produ

15、ce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals - all of which will make life for human beings better. 它使植物成長更快, 莊稼產(chǎn)量更高, 還會促進(jìn)動物的生長-所有這些都能改善人類的生活。【歸納】 a range of 一系列, 一套(同類) range between A and B 在A和B之間變化或變動 range from A to B 從A延伸到B; 從A到B不等翻譯下列句子。1) The new model comes in a full range of colour

16、s.2) Theres a wide range of ability in the class.3) Prices range between 7 dollars and 10 dollars.4) His interests ranged from chess to skating.這種新式樣有各種顏色。這個(gè)班的水平差距很大。價(jià)格在7美元到10美元之間。他的愛好從下國際象棋到滑冰, 范圍很廣?！練w納】 in/under the circumstances 在此種情況下 in/under no circumstances 決不，無論如何都不7. circumstance n. 環(huán)境; 情況

17、【教材原句】 Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to. 如果情況允許的話, 把罐頭盒、瓶子、塑 料袋和報(bào)紙回收利用起來?！颈嫖觥縞ircumstance/environment/surrounding circumstance常用復(fù)數(shù), 指和某行動或某件事有關(guān)的客觀環(huán)境和條件, 如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等； environment一般用單數(shù), 不用復(fù)數(shù), 指某人或某物周圍的, 并對人或物有影響的環(huán)境、條件, 可以指精神的 (如注重道德的環(huán)境), 也可指物質(zhì)的 (如工作環(huán)境), 還可以指

18、自然環(huán)境 (如空氣、水、土等), 或指人為的環(huán)境條件 (如經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境)； surrounding只用復(fù)數(shù), 指某人周圍的事物或環(huán)境, 這些事物與環(huán)境對他的思想、感情、修養(yǎng)有一定影響。【歸納】 glance作動詞: glance at / around 匆匆一看，掃視 glance at / down / over / through 瀏覽，粗 略地看 glance作名詞: have / take a quick glance at 匆匆看一眼 at a glance 看一眼, 立刻 at first glance 乍一看8. glance vi. 看一下；掃視 n. 一瞥根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示補(bǔ)全

19、下列句子。1) I _ (略略環(huán)視一下房間) before I left.2) _ _ (乍一看，這些畫不怎么樣), but on closer examination youll find they are not bad at all.3) Mr. Smith _ (大致看了一下名單) and said nothing.4) _ (他一眼就能看出) what was wrong with the car.glanced round the roomAt first glance, these paintings dont lookglanced down the list of names

20、He could tell at a glancegood9. average adj. 平均的【教材原句】The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15 .溫室效應(yīng)使得地球表面的平均氣溫達(dá)到了15。 【拓展】 average作名詞時(shí)，意為：平均數(shù)；平均水平（ 常用短語：on average 平均；above / below average高于/低于平均水平）。如：Each person raised an average of 60 to plantan acre of trees.On

21、 average, people who dont smoke arehealthier than people who do.Temperatures are above / below average forthe time of year.average作動詞時(shí)，意為“平均為”。如：Drivers in London can expect to averageabout 12 miles per hour.1. come about 發(fā)生; 造成 不及物短語 【教材原句】 So how has this come about and does it matter? 那么這種溫度的增長是怎

22、么產(chǎn)生的 呢？會產(chǎn)生什么影響呢？(二)短語【拓展】 come across (偶然)遇見(或發(fā)現(xiàn)) come from 出身于; 來自 come out 出版; 發(fā)行; 結(jié)果是 come up 上來; 上升; 抬頭 come to 來到; 共計(jì); 達(dá)到 come true 變成現(xiàn)實(shí); 成為事實(shí)2. go up 上升; 增長; 升起 【教材原句】 It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. 這就意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層

23、中, 從而引起全球溫度上升。go up表示升高, 主語常為pressure, temperature等。e.g. Overnight the temperature went up as high as 30. 表示攀升, 攀爬對象常為stairs, ladder, hill, wall, tree等。e.g. Since the old lady fell, shes been unable to go up steps. 表示增長, 主語常為prices, expenses, the cost of living等。e.g. The price of oil is going up aga

24、in. Why doesnt the government do something about it? 表示被建造, 主語常為buildings, schools, hospitals等。 e.g. New office buildings are going up every- where. 【拓展】 go up to 上升到 go up by 上升了3. result in 引起; 導(dǎo)致; 造成 【教材原句】 They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in

25、this increase in carbon dioxide. 他們還贊同下述觀點(diǎn), 正是由于越來 越多燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的 增加?！就卣埂?result from. 由造成; 因而產(chǎn)生 as a result of. 由于的結(jié)果 as a result 結(jié)果 without result 沒有結(jié)果; 白費(fèi)4. even if/though . 即使, 盡管 【教材原句】 Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to

26、keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量, 在(未來)幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)內(nèi), 氣候仍會持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。 even if/though用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從 句。注意：主句不能再用but。 【拓展】 even if = even though as if = as though 似乎, 好像 even so 即使如此, 雖然如此 請用even if/though, as if/though或even so填空。1) He was in great trouble, but he acted _ nothing had h

27、appened. 2) I had a terrible headache, but _ I went to school.3) _ you take a taxi, youll still miss your train.as if / thougheven soEven if / though keep on (doing sth.) 繼續(xù); 不斷(做), 反復(fù)(做)【用法】1) keep on doing sth. 可能有間斷, 強(qiáng)調(diào) “反復(fù)”和“決心”, 而且常常附加感情 色彩。 2) 與sitting, standing, lying, sleeping等 靜態(tài)的動詞連用時(shí), 只能用

28、keep doing。5. on the whole 總的說來; 大體上; 基本上 【教材原句】 On the whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern. 總體上來說, 全球氣候變暖是一種引 起廣泛關(guān)注的現(xiàn)象?！颈嫖觥縲hole/all whole作形容詞時(shí), 可意為“所有的, 完整 的”。 它與all的區(qū)別是, all通常用在冠詞、所 有格、物主代詞或其他限定詞之前, 而 whole通常位于它們的后面。如：all the world, the whole world。6. on behal

29、f of 代表一方; 作為的代言人 【教材原句】 I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming. 我正代表學(xué)校做一項(xiàng)關(guān)于全球變暖的 課題研究。 【用法】 也可以表達(dá)為on ones behalf7. put up with 忍受, 容忍 【教材原句】 We do not have to put up with pollution. 我們不必去忍受污染?！韭?lián)想】 put up with = stand, bear, tolerate8. so long as = as long as 只要 【教材原句】 It i

30、s OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it - if not, turn it off! 在用電器設(shè)備時(shí)你可以讓它開著, 如 果不用就把它關(guān)掉。 【歸納】as long asso long as只要, 引導(dǎo)條件狀 語從句。as long as也可以指時(shí)間、長度, 意為: 長達(dá); 與一樣長; 與一樣久。1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused t

31、his global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫無疑問, 地球是在變暖, 而地球變暖正是人類活動導(dǎo)致而成的, 并非是一種無規(guī)律的自然現(xiàn)象。(三)句式“There is no doubt that . ”句式表示“毫無疑問”。句型使用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作doubt的同位語。2. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in th

32、e atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. 有一位名叫查爾斯基林的科學(xué)家曾經(jīng)把1957到1977年期間大氣層中二氧化碳的含量作了精確的統(tǒng)計(jì)。 “It was . who .”句式表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。去掉該成分不影響句子意思的表達(dá), 連接詞who沒有實(shí)際意思。(四)語法“it”的用法（二）it在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的用法1. it用在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以對句子中除謂語動詞以外的成分加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是It is / was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that / who+句子的其余部分, 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)， 用who（強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語用whom）或that，指事物時(shí)用that。e.g. It is the n

33、ewspaper that provides David with money for the research. It was Mr. Black that / who gave Mike this ticket last week. It was your sister that / whom Nancy saw in France last month. It was on Monday night that all of this happened. It was on the bus that I had my cellphone stolen.2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式是：Is

34、 / Was it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that / who+句子的其余部分。 e.g. Was it on the coast that lots of people disappeared? Is it Mrs. Smith that / who teaches your math?3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式是：疑問詞 + is / was it that +句子的其余部分。 e.g. Why is it that everyone thinks he is selfish? What is it that your daughter is most interested in?4. not

35、. until句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句的形式是：It is / was not until+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+句子的其余部分。 e.g. It is not until I finish my homework that I can go out and play. It was not until I saw Jennifer next morning that I felt happy.將下面句子改寫為強(qiáng)調(diào)句（對畫線部分內(nèi)容進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)）。1. He bought a new coat for me._2. The Prime Minister is visiting Japan at the mom

36、ent. _3. The first attack started just after midnight._It was a new coat that he bought for me. It is The Prime Minister who is visiting Japan at the moment.It was just after midnight that the first attack started. 4. Wendy had hidden the box under her bed._5. The telephone rang when she was about t

37、o go to bed._6. I did not realize what had happened until the next day_It was under her bed that Wendy had hidden the box.It was when she was about to go to bed that the telephone rang. It was not until the next day that I realized what had happened. (五)寫作如何寫英文海報(bào) 【寫作任務(wù)】假設(shè)本月是你校的環(huán)境保護(hù)月。請你代表英語俱樂部制作一份英文海

38、報(bào)，倡導(dǎo)低碳生活，并結(jié)合生活實(shí)際就保護(hù)環(huán)境提出至少5條倡議。注意：詞數(shù)不限。_【寫作指導(dǎo)】海報(bào)是人們在日常生活中經(jīng)常使用的一種張貼形式的應(yīng)用文。 海報(bào)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及要求：標(biāo)題：用簡潔、引人注目的語言概括要宣傳的主要內(nèi)容。也可以直接用號召性的語句，還可以添加副標(biāo)題，對海報(bào)的內(nèi)容加以說明。正文：力求簡明扼要，同時(shí)活動的性質(zhì)、主辦單位、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等內(nèi)容也要交代清楚。結(jié)尾：要寫明發(fā)布者名稱和日期（也可省去），名稱通常寫在海報(bào)的右下角，發(fā)布日期通常放在最后一行。2. 海報(bào)的語言及版面特點(diǎn)：語言特點(diǎn)：海報(bào)屬于廣告，要求用最短的文字包含最多的信息，多用省略句、縮略語及類似的簡潔生動的語言。版面特點(diǎn)：海報(bào)常配有

39、圖畫來增加吸引力，重要信息常被分行突出，并且在其前面加上粗點(diǎn)、星號等表示強(qiáng)調(diào)?！緟⒖挤段摹縏ime to Live a Low Carbon Life!Our earth is getting warmer; the sea levels are getting higher; the environment is getting worse! Can we help to stop all these problems? Of course! Live a low carbon life!Here are some hot tips for you:Drive less and take a

40、 bus if possible.Cycle or walk to school.Bring a cloth bag when shopping; do not use plastic ones.Plant more trees to help absorb carbon dioxide.Replace paper handkerchiefs with cloth ones.Turn off the electricity after using it. Always remember: your contribution counts! English Club 高考鏈接1. (2013遼寧

41、改編) _ behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. 答案：On 句意：我代表這里的每一個(gè)人, 祝您回國 旅途愉快。 on behalf of 代表2. (2010湖北改編)This restaurant has become popular for its wide range _ foods that suit all tastes and pockets. 答案：of 句意：這家餐館出名是由于它的各種各樣的食物適應(yīng)各種口味和消費(fèi)類型的人群。a range of強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)系列, 而

42、a wide range of意為“各種各樣的”, 正好符合題意。3. (2011新課標(biāo)卷改編) I can put _ with the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. 答案：up 句意: 屋子里凌亂些我受得了, 我恨的是屋子里不干凈。 put up with 容忍; 忍受4. (2012江蘇改編) Ones life has value _ long as one brings value to the life of others. 答案：as/so as/so long as“只要”，用于引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。 句意：

43、一個(gè)人的生命，只要它給別人的生活帶來價(jià)值，就有價(jià)值。one brings value to the life of others和ones life has value之間為條件與結(jié)果的關(guān)系。5. (2016天津）You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists. A. who B. which C. where D. that 6.（2015湖南）It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feelin

44、g it was to have helped someone in trouble. A. which B. that C. where D. howDB7.（2015重慶）Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized. A. while B. though C. that D. after C鞏固練習(xí)I. 用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1. The chemicals have been identified as a source

45、of _ (pollute).2. The companys exports have grown _ (steady) in recent years.3. The very _ (exist) of the museum is threatened by lack of funding.4. The drug is effective but has a(n) _ (tend) to cause headaches.5. As a music _ (educate), I taught in our city schools for many years.pollutionsteadily

46、existence tendencyeducator6. Many people are _ (oppose) to the plan of building a motorway through the village.7. This invention made a major _ (contribute) to road safety.8. Our company has a(n) _ (commit) to quality and customer service.opposedcontributioncommitment1. The citys police chief says t

47、hey arrest, _, 300 people each day.2. Are you going to _ the opera this season?3. I dont know how he _ their constant complaining.II. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的短語并用其正確形式填 空（每個(gè)短語限用一次）。on averageputs up withcome about, even if, go up, on average,on the whole, on behalf of, put up with,result in, so long as, subscribe t

48、osubscribe tocome about, even if, go up, on average,on the whole, on behalf of, put up with,result in, so long as, subscribe to4. The accident _ the death of two passengers yesterday.5. Hes determined to prove his innocence, _ he has to go to the highest court in the land.6. You may use the room as

49、you like _ you clean it up afterwards.resulted inso long aseven if7. Many a quarrel _ through a misunderstanding.8. Mr. Knight cannot be here, so his wife will accept the prize _ him.9. Your friends have arrived why dont you _ and say hello?10. _ were happy living here, but it is a long way away fro

50、m my parents es abouton behalf ofcome about, even if, go up, on average,on the whole, on behalf of, put up with,result in, so long as, subscribe togo upOn the whole III. 用強(qiáng)調(diào)句式翻譯下面句子。1. 我是在去年通過駕照考試的。2. 打碎花瓶的人是你嗎？3. 直到她到家后她才想起約了看醫(yī)生。It was last year that I passed my driving test.Was it you who / that broke the vase?It wasnt un