新能源汽車專業(yè)英語41課件

1、本章學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容Chapter 4 Transmission Systems 傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 本章學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)本章難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 1.掌握混合動(dòng)力的分類方法；2.掌握典型混合動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理；1.重點(diǎn)：混合動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)原理、英文專業(yè)術(shù)語；2.難點(diǎn)：傳動(dòng)原理本次課學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容Chapter 4 Transmission Systems 傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 本次課學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)本次課難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合

2、動(dòng)力的分類4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 4.2.1 BMW 6-speed parallel hybrid passenger car automatic gearbox 1.掌握混合動(dòng)力的分類方法；2.掌握BMW并聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力自動(dòng)變速器的結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理；1.重點(diǎn)：混合動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)原理、英文專業(yè)術(shù)語；2.難點(diǎn)：并聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)原理New Words and Phrases4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類hybridizationhabrdazenn.雜交，雜種培植，配種; 雜化mandat

3、orymndtriadj.強(qiáng)制的movermu:v(r)n.原動(dòng)機(jī)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)nichentn.壁龕，合適的位置，有利可圖的缺口，商機(jī)at least至少CE內(nèi)燃機(jī)fuel economy燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性full hybrid重度混合動(dòng)力hybrid drive混合動(dòng)力，混合驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置hybridization factor混合度in conjunction with與一起market niche市場定位，商機(jī)4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類medium hybrid中度混合動(dòng)力micro hybrid微混合動(dòng)力mild hybrid輕度混合動(dòng)力on i

4、ts own靠自己parallel hybrid并聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力power-split hybrid 功率分流式混合動(dòng)力，混聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力prime mover原動(dòng)機(jī)，原動(dòng)力，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)serial hybrid串聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力series-parallel hybrid混聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力，功率分流式混合動(dòng)力strong hybrid重度混合動(dòng)力，強(qiáng)混合動(dòng)力4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類Text4.1.1 Categorize According to the layout of the prime movers Hybrid drives are dr

5、ives that have at least two different prime movers and energy accumulators. According to the layout of the prime movers, hybrid drives can be divided into serial hybrid, parallel hybrid and power-split hybrid (also called series-parallel hybrid) drive as follows.4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合

6、動(dòng)力的分類4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類Serial hybrid drive (Figure 4.1):- no mechanical coupling of combustion engine and wheels,- mechanical gearbox not mandatory,- a combustion engine, in conjunction with a generator, functions solely as a electricity producer,- two high-performance electr

7、ic machines (generator + generator/electric motor).Figure 4.1 serial hybrid drive 4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類Parallel hybrid drive (Figure 4.2):- both drives can be combined,- mechanical gearbox required, - only one electric machine is necessary.4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力

8、的分類Figure 4.2 parallel hybrid drive 4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類Power-split hybrid drive (Figure 4.3): - splitting of the combustion engine power output into mechanical and electric paths, - summarising gear (planetary gear sets) required for the splitting and joining of the mechanical

9、 and electric power-paths, - at least two high-performance electric machines are needed. 4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類Figure 4.3 power-split hybrid drive4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類4.1.2 Categorize by their levels of hybridizationPHEV models can also be categorized by thei

10、r levels of hybridization. Hybridization factor (HF) is a metric used for this purpose and represents the relative value of the power of the electric motor to the total power of the vehicle. Therefore, it can be computed according to4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類4.1 Classification of Hyb

11、rid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類Therefore, it can be computed according towhere, PEM represents the peak power of the electric motor and PICE is the peak power of the internal combustion engine. For a conventional ICEV we have HF = 0, while the HF of a BEV is 1, and the hybridization factor of PHEVs ranges between

12、 zero and one. There are different levels of hybridization among hybrids on the market. Different vehicle manufacturers use various hybrid technologies. Mild hybrid. A mild hybrid, also called a micro-hybrid, usually uses a 42-volt electrical motor and battery package (36-volt batteries, 42-volt cha

13、rging) and is not capable of using the electric motor to propel the vehicle on its own without help from the internal combustion engine. A mild hybrid system has the advantage of costing less, and saves less fuel compared to a full hybrid vehicle and. The fuel savings for a mild type of hybrid desig

14、n is about 8% to 15%. 4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類Medium hybrid. A medium hybrid uses 144- to 158-volt batteries. Like a mild hybrid, a typical medium hybrid is not capable of propelling the vehicle from a stop using battery power alone. The fuel savings are about 20% to 25% for medium

15、 hybrid systems. Examples of a medium hybrid include Honda Accord, Insight and Civic. 4.1 Classification of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類Full hybrid. A full hybrid, also called a strong hybrid, is able to propel the vehicle using the electric motor(s) alone. Each vehicle manufacturer has made its decision on

16、 which hybrid type to implement based on its assessment of the market niche for a particular model. The fuel economy savings are about 30% to 50% for full hybrid systems. Examples of a full or strong hybrid include the Ford Escape SUV, Toyota Prius and Highlander, Lexus RX400h and GS450h.4.1 Classif

17、ication of Hybrid Drive 混合動(dòng)力的分類4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)New Words and Phrasesadd-ondnn.附加物；adj.附加的CE內(nèi)燃機(jī)coastingkstn.滑行comprisekmprazvt.包括，由組成deceleratedi:selretvt.& vi.（使）減速differentialdfrenln.差速器downhilldanhladv.向山下4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)dragdrgvt.拖拽，吃力地往前拉； n.拖，

18、拉，阻力exploit kspltvt.開采，利用implementmplmentvt.實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，實(shí)現(xiàn)kineticknetkadj.運(yùn)動(dòng)的manoeuvring mnu:vrn.機(jī)動(dòng)，調(diào)遣mountmantvt.安裝overlay vlev.疊加4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)phasefezn.階段；相recuperate rku:pretvi.再生，回收，復(fù)得situation stuenn.情況starter st:t(r)n.起動(dòng)機(jī) stop-and-go不斷走走停停的temporarilytemprerl adv.暫時(shí)地，臨時(shí)地

19、transaxletrnsksln.變速驅(qū)動(dòng)橋uncouplenkplvt.解開，分開4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)all-wheel drive全輪驅(qū)動(dòng)along with與同一起as e.g.如automatic transmission自動(dòng)變速器back up（使）倒車，倒退bell-shaped housing鐘形殼charge state荷電狀態(tài)continuously variable transmission機(jī)械式無級(jí)變速器drag torque反拖力矩4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)

20、力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)driving downhill下坡dual mass flywheel雙質(zhì)量飛輪energy storage儲(chǔ)能（裝置）front-wheel drive前輪驅(qū)動(dòng)gear unit齒輪機(jī)構(gòu)given the fact that鑒于hybrid module混合動(dòng)力模塊In comparison to與相比input shaft輸入軸4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)Integrated Motor Assist (IMA)集成化電機(jī)輔助intelligent power unit (IPU)智能動(dòng)力單元kinetic energy動(dòng)

21、能motor drive module (MDM)電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊moving-off element移離元件，起步元件multi-plate clutch多片離合器on the part of 由表現(xiàn)出來的，由所作出的overlaywith將與疊加planet carrier行星架4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)planetary gear set行星齒輪機(jī)構(gòu)power supply供電，電源spider shaft行星齒輪軸summarising gear合成機(jī)構(gòu)take over接管torque converter液力變矩器transmi

22、ssion system傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)water jacket水套4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)4.2.1 BMW 6-speed parallel hybrid passenger car automatic gearbox Operation The BMW parallel hybrid described in the following as an example (Figure 4.4) is a full hybrid. The basic gear unit in the transmission system is a ZF 6

23、-speed automatic transmission. The “add-on” hybrid module, consisting of an electric machine EM with the two clutches C1 and C2, replaces the torque converter and also takes over its function as moving-off element. By being mounted on the gear input shaft, the electric machine can take over the driv

24、e or generator functions with varying power and torque requirements. 4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)Figure 4.4 6-speed passenger car hybrid automatic transmission as a parallel hybrid with one electric machine (BMW, ZF)4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) The hybrid functions are im

25、plemented in the different operational states represented in Figure 4.5. The directions of the arrows always indicate the direction of the power flow. a/ Cold start of the CE through the electric machine via clutch C1 (the engine starter may thus be omitted). 4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)

26、系統(tǒng) b/ The vehicle is stationary, the CE runs and loads the electric energy storage unit (electrochemical battery or double-layer capacitors) with the electric machine operated as generator via the closed clutch Cl.4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)Figure 4.5 Power flow in different operation

27、al states4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)c/ If the charge state of the energy storage permits it, the CE can be turned off in stationary phases during stop-and-go traffic or at traffic lights (engine start/stop). The on-board power supply is taken over during these phases by the energy sto

28、rage. 4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)d/ Electric moving-off or manoeuvring (CE is off, clutch Cl is open)4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)e/ Starting up the CE at higher driving speeds or given a higher performance demand on the part of the driver via the slipping clutch C1.4.2 P

29、assenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)f/ When the CE has been synchronized, the slip at the clutch C1 is reduced and the CE takes over the drive power. In this operational state, the electric machine can temporarily overlay its torque with that of the engine, as e.g. when boosting or when compensatin

30、g for the torque of the omitted torque increase of the torque converter.4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)g/ In coasting situations, e.g. driving downhill, the coasting torque can be produced by the generator operation of the electric machine. The coasting energy is thus converted into elect

31、ric energy and temporarily stored in the energy storage. With a higher level of power, electric energy can be recuperated when braking.4.2 Passenger Car Hybrid Drive 乘用車混合動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)h/ The efficiency of the conversion of kinetic energy into electric energy in coasting situations or when braking can be in

32、creased given the fact that, in these operational states, the CE along with its drag torque can be uncoupled and switched off due to the opening of the clutch C1 and thus doesnt have to be additionally dragged*1.*1 The efficiency of the conversion of kinetic energy into electric energy in coasting s

33、ituations or when braking can be increased given the fact that, in these operational states, the CE along with its drag torque can be uncoupled and switched off due to the opening of the clutch C1 and thus doesnt have to be additionally dragged. 句子分析：主句的謂語是can be increased。Given the fact意為鑒于，是一個(gè)分詞短語

34、。后面的that是一個(gè)同位語從句，先行詞為fact，說明原因。本句可譯為： 參考譯文：在滑行情況下或制動(dòng)時(shí)，動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能的效率可以提高，因?yàn)樵谶@些操作狀態(tài)下，離合器C1的分離可使內(nèi)燃機(jī)CE與反拖力矩不耦合而熄火關(guān)閉，因此不需要額外拖動(dòng)而消耗動(dòng)能。疑難句子分析ConstructionIn comparison to conventional torque converter transmissions, here the torque converter is replaced in its function as moving-off element by the permanent magnet three-phase synchronous motor (PSM), comprising