愛瘋英語(話題通用版+詞匯)課件3名師指津語法-代詞

1、第二部分 重要語法名師指津代詞就是用來代替上文中已提及的人或物的詞，在上下句或上下文中起語義之間的銜接作用，所以代詞非常適合在語篇中進行考查，這也就不難解釋為什么代詞幾乎每年必考了。此處只歸納在句中作主語或賓語的代詞，這類代詞七年中共考了8道題。代 詞請做下列廣東高考真題：1. (2012) Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, wearing sunglasses “Do you need those glasses for medical reaso

2、ns?”the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.“Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.”真題再練The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do. Then he took _ off, gave a

3、 big smile and said “That is cool”. 思路點撥：them 句子took后缺少賓語，應填代詞；根據(jù)語境可知，要求填的代詞是指前文的those glasses，是指代物、又是復數(shù)、作賓語，故填賓格代詞them。2. (2011)Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes _ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.思路點撥：they 在并列謂語walked away and sat的前面顯然缺主

4、語，作主語要用代詞；根據(jù)上下文，不難推出走開坐到“我”附近的應是他后面的那些人，即other people，指人，是復數(shù)，作主語，應當填they。3. (2011) I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had an amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad

5、I made a choice. It made _ of us feel good. 思路點撥：both 因made后缺賓語, 用代詞; 由上文 “I sat next to the man We (I and the mentally disabled man) had an amazing conversation”可知, 指作者和那個智障人“兩個人”，故填both。4. (2010) He asked his teacher，“Sir，the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like_?”思路點撥：it 及物動詞like(喜歡)后缺賓語,

6、應填代詞的賓格形式；指前面提到的“水(the water)”，應填it。5. (2009)Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.思路點撥：it 在及物動詞remembered后的how引導一個賓語從句；how difficult(多么難)是作形容詞作表語，這里提前了；動詞was的前面顯然缺主語，應填代詞；由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，填it,在賓語從句中作形式主語，真正的主語是to

7、 choose。6. (2009)She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please_ .思路點撥： him 給父親買禮物，根據(jù)常識應是使父親高興，作please(使高興)的賓語用賓格人稱代詞，故填him。7. (2008) It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279)

8、was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about _ day and night. 思路點撥： it 因介詞about后缺賓語，應填代詞；由句意或前后邏輯可知，應填it，指代前文中的(how) to help his crop grow up quickly。8. (2007) I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused_ .思路點撥： her 因(that) I had caused是定語從句，先行詞是tro

9、uble, 代表先行詞trouble的關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作賓語，被省略了；由搭配cause sb. trouble (=cause trouble for sb.給某人造成麻煩) 可知，填her。年份答案具體考點題數(shù)201302012them人稱代詞賓格12011they人稱代詞主格2both不定代詞作賓語2010it指代前面的物12009it形式主語2him人稱代詞賓格2008it指代前面的事12007her人稱代詞賓格1考情分析除2013年外，每年12題，七年8道題中，人稱代詞6題，不定代詞1題，形式主語(it)1題。1.純空格的語法填空題，當句子缺主語或賓語時，填代詞。因為在句中充

10、當主語或賓語的應是名詞或代詞，而在語法填空的純空格中是不要求考生填名詞的，所以只要句子缺少主語或賓語，就該填代詞。解題技巧 從上述考點分析，我們知道，重點考查人稱代詞，其次是不定代詞以及作形式主語或形式賓語的it。解這類題時注意以下幾點：2.在確定填代詞后，再根據(jù)語境，弄清所缺主語或賓語具體指代上文或下文中的具體內(nèi)容，結(jié)合上述幾種代詞的不同意義和用法，確定填具體哪個代詞。在選擇代詞時，我們要從人稱、性別、數(shù)量等方面進行考慮，是指代人還是指代物，是男還是女，是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)。3.熟記一些習慣的搭配，如someothers, those who, by myself等。代詞在語法填空中是通過純空格形

11、式來考查的，從往年的高考題來看，代詞的考點主要包括以下幾方面：1.人稱代詞在句中作主語用主格：(單數(shù))I , you, he, she, it； (復數(shù))we, you, they；作賓語用賓格：（單數(shù)）me, you, him, her, it；(復數(shù)) us, you, them?？键c歸納2.反身代詞(至今未考)在句中作賓語；或者作主語或賓語的同位 語, 起強調(diào)作用，但不能單獨作主語，相當于“親自；本人”：(單數(shù))myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself; (復數(shù))ourselves, yourselves, themselves。3.名詞性物主

12、代詞(至今未考)相當于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”，在句中作主語、賓語、表語：(單數(shù))mine, yours, his, hers, its; (復數(shù))ours, yours, theirs。4.在句中作主語或賓語的不定代詞表示兩者或多者的有both, either, neither, all, any, none；復合不定代詞有anything, anyone, anybody, something, someone, somebody, nothing, nobody等；替代詞有it, that, one, those等。5. 指示代詞(至今未考)主要有this, these, that,

13、those等。6. it的用法(1)指前面已提到的事物、想法或情況等。(2)指時間、天氣、距離、環(huán)境等。(3)作形式主語或形式賓語。(4)用于it isthat強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。注：1.形容詞性物主代詞和作定語時的不定代詞等，我們將其歸納在“限定詞”一章之中。2.引導名詞性從句的連接代詞和引導定語從句的關(guān)系代詞也都可以在句中作主語和賓語，但我們將其歸納在連詞一章。一、單句填空1. (2013浙江卷)Half of _ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friends to share their deepest wi

14、shes and darkest fears.those 作介詞of的賓語，應填代詞；由句意可知，是指在16個國家所調(diào)查的“那些人”中有一半說他們首先去找最親密的朋友分享他們內(nèi)心深處的愿望和恐懼；指“那些人”，用those。實戰(zhàn)演練2. (2013天津卷)At our factory there are a few machines similar to _described in this magazine. those 作介詞to的賓語，應填代詞；后面的described in this magazine是過去分詞作定語，所填代詞應替代復數(shù)名詞the machines，即這本雜志中所描述的

15、機器，故填those。3. (2013四川卷)The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than _ on the small ones. that 在連詞than后應填代詞，作主語；替代前面不可數(shù)名詞the traffic。4. (2013山東卷) Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like _ of them very much. either 作dont like的賓語，應填代詞；指這兩者中“任何一個”都不喜歡。5. (2013陜西卷)Although Rose

16、mary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost _ of her enthusiasm for life. none 作lost的賓語，應填代詞；指代不可數(shù)名詞enthusiasm(熱情)中的“一點也沒有”, 用none。6. (2013課標卷II) Its an either or situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_. both 作do的賓語，應填代詞；由or可知，只能是兩者中任選一種，不能做這兩

17、件事，即部分否定，是notboth。7. (2013江西卷) _can be good at something for 40 years if he doesnt love it. Nobody 缺主語，填代詞；由he可知是指人，由句意可知是指“沒有任何人”。8. (2013安徽卷)This project requires close teamwork. _will be achieved unless we work well together. Nothing 缺主語，填代詞；由句意“這項工作需要團隊合作。如果我們不一起把工作做好，就不會有所成就”可知，填nothing。9. (201

18、2遼寧卷)If youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get _ for me?one 在get后作賓語, 應填代詞; 指代“a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(a paper)”, 應填one。10. (2012全國卷I) Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but _ of them wants to, because they have work to do. neither 在but后的分句中作主語，應填代詞；由but可知，Bill 和Peter兩個人都不想去，

19、指“兩者都不”，用neither。11. (2011安徽卷) Surprisingly, Susans beautiful hair reached below her knees and made_ almost an overcoat for her.it 作made的賓語，應填代詞；指代前面的不可數(shù)名詞the hair，用it。12. (2011福建卷) We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests. one 作choose的賓語，應填代詞；指根據(jù)你

20、的興趣，在各種夏令營中選擇一種，即指代 “a summer camp”，用one。13. (2011上海卷) To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered _.another 作order的賓語，應填代詞；指代“另外一杯”，用another。14. (2011北京卷) The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase_.it 作increase的賓語，應

21、填代詞；指代前面的the employment rate，代替“the +單數(shù)名詞”，表示“同一”件事或物時，用it。15. (2011江西卷)Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to work on? it 作bring的賓語，應填代詞；作形式賓語用it，真正的賓語是后面的that從句。16. (2011山東卷)The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other. it 作find的賓語, 應填代

22、詞; 作形式賓語, 真正的賓語是后面的不定式to tell，故填it。17. (2011天津卷) We feel _our duty to make our country a better place.it 在feel后作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式，故填it。18. (2013茂名二模)Then I realized I didnt even know her name. I asked all of my professors but _knew her name.nobody 因but后的并列句中缺主語, 應填代詞；根據(jù)前面語境, 根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折but可以推出: “我”問了“我”的所有

23、教授，但是沒有人知道她的名字。故填nobody。19. (2012惠州二模)I smiled a big smile and_ worked a little, really.it 因and后的并列句中缺主語，應填代詞；由句意或前后邏輯可知，應填it，指代前文中的I smiled a big smile。20.(2012深圳二模)Have you ever lived abroad? When living overseas in a place where people speak a different language, _can be difficult to make yoursel

24、f understood even in relatively simple but important areas of life, like shopping and getting around town.it 由于can be的前面缺主語, 應填代詞; 由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知, 填it, 在賓語從句中作形式主語, 真正的主語是后面的不定式to make yourself understood even。21. (2012茂名一模) She then told me it was because she loved me and you hug people when you love them

25、. So she opened her arms wide and timidly I opened _ and we hugged. mine 在opened后作賓語，應填代詞；由句意或前后邏輯可知作者也打開雙臂，替代my arms應填名詞性物主代詞mine。22. (2010深圳一模) “Sir, you didnt even ask the other riders for help, why? What if I had saidno and left you there?”the horseman asked. The old man looked at him straight i

26、n the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes, I found they didnt care, which told me it would be useless, but when I looked into _, I saw kindness.” These words touched the rider deeply. yours 代替your eyes。23. (2007廣州二模) I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to

27、 help relax_.myself 因relax oneself意為“放松自己”。24. (2008廣州一模) At that moment an attractive young lady, who noticed my book, came up to me and introduced _. herself 因introduce oneself 意為“自我介紹” 。25. (2013廣州二模) Suddenly, a monkey came down from a nearby tree, snatched the book from my hand and took _ away,

28、 along with my bag which contained all my belongings.it 替代前面的the book。26. (2014肇慶期末)In fact, micro blog _ is of little harm. itself 反身代詞作micro blog的同位語。 27. (2012珠海二模)But its a tiring job. I have to work whenever there are dogs at home, and no time to enjoy_.myself 因enjoy oneself 是固定搭配，表示“玩得愉快”之意。28

29、. (2013佛山一模)Ma knows _ the dogs names, and when she calls ones name, the dog instantly knows she is referring to it.all 根據(jù)前文馬文迪有六條狗和后文when she calls ones name，說明她都能叫得出這六條狗的名字。29. (2014廣州調(diào)研)However, his fame was not accompanied by money and he found _ necessary to return to farming. it 這里的it作形式賓語，后面的

30、不定式是真正賓語。二、語篇填空 We were 1._ busy preparing for the opening ceremony of the coming sports meeting these days. This morning, 2._ held a meeting, discussing about buying a class uniform for the performance at the ceremony. We reached a quick agreement on the design but 3._ was terribly difficult to decide on its color. allwe itSome students advised red while