解析《憤怒的葡萄》中的人物形象分析研究 漢語言文學(xué)專業(yè)

1、AcknowledgementsI am deeply grateful to Mr. Liu Zhigang, my tutor, to whom I owe a great deal of gratitude and appreciation. Mr. Liu gave me a lot of invaluable instructions and helped me much in every stage of my thesis writing. His patient help and timely encouragement are worthy of high acknowled

2、gement.I would also like to offer my sincere gratitude to those teachers who spend their precious time in reading this thesis.Moreover, to thank all my friends, I could not have finished my paper without their help.Finally, I would also like to take this opportunity to thank my parents who give me c

3、onfidence and enable me to do my own work freely.AbstractThe Grapes of Wrath was a modern American novel by John Steinbeck and mainly described the economic panic of 1930s in United States where a great number of farmers went bankrupt and fled from famine. The story depicted a thrilling picture of s

4、ocial struggle, in which several leading characters reflected a yearning for existence. In this story, peoples mutual independence and help, their vigorous and perseverant life and the connotation of human nature in benevolence and kindheartedness had highlighted the glory of humanitarian thoughts,

5、thus sublimating the humanity.Key Words：economy; social struggle; desire for existence; human nature摘 要 HYPERLINK javascript:; 憤怒的葡萄是美國現(xiàn)代小說家約翰斯坦貝克的作品。 HYPERLINK javascript:; 它主要描寫了美國三十年代經(jīng)濟(jì)恐慌期間大批農(nóng)民破產(chǎn)，逃荒的故事，反映驚心動魄的社會斗爭圖景，在幾個主要人物身上體現(xiàn)了一種對人生的生存欲望的向往， HYPERLINK javascript:; 人類的相互依存和互助，生命的生生不息和堅忍不拔以及人類的善良和

6、仁愛精神的人性內(nèi)涵，彰顯人道主義思想的光輝，從而人性再次得到了升華。關(guān)鍵詞：經(jīng)濟(jì)；社會斗爭；生存欲望；人性1. IntroductionJohn Steinbeck was an American writer, who was born in a middle-class family in California. He lived in the town, with a ranch, and loved the natural scenery of the countryside. By his mothers influence, he very early contacted with

7、 European classical literature, such as “the Bible” and Arthur King legend story. In 1919, John Steinbeck went to Stanford University to study. During the learning period, the farmer and the road transported team workers. He was familiar with the people at the bottom of society, and many of his work

8、s were based on their heros as well as the performance of the bottom of the kind, simple character, creating a “Steinbeck hero” image. In the late 1930s, the vigorous development of the workers movement made Steinbeck a great influence. In 1935, “Totti Prefecture” published then immediately received

9、 praise, and later published “victorious battle”, “mouse and people”, “l(fā)ong valley”, “angry grapes” were his masterpieces. It won the Pulitzer Prize. In 1937 and 1947, Steinbeck visited the Nordic and the Soviet Union twice. During the Second World War, he went to Europe as a war correspondent to wr

10、ite reports and propaganda works. The late main works were two novels “Eden to the East” and “Our Dissatisfied Winter”.The Grapes of Wrath was written by Steinbeck. In the United States in 1930s, as the background of the Great Depression of the documentary fiction masterpiece, there was a reflection

11、 of the plight of peoples disturbance, castigating American social and economic ills of left-wing literary works. The novel reflected the 30s Great Depression of American Society: many farmers left the hometown, and forced by big business travel, hoping to find their “Hope Town” California, but they

12、 had hardships and setbacks. A novel by Joad as the representation, in which about twelve of them fled from Oklahoma to California. It was a difficult experience. In several of the main characters, we saw a desire for survival of life, human interdependence, mutual aid, the connotation of human natu

13、re and human life, life and growth in nature good, firm and indomitable spirit of benevolence. In Steinbecks view, these human nature connotation had deep value, and were more eternal. With the deepening of the story of the novel, the main characters of the ideological and behavioral changed, and th

14、e glory of humanitarian ideas continued to flash. Human nature had been constantly sublimated.2. An Analysis of CharactersThere were so many people in the novel, they all had their own different characters, and their different characters had the very important effect to the novel. In this novel, the

15、se three people were the most important people, and they were the main characters in the novel, next I would analyze Casy, Joad and Joads mother one by one.2.1 CasyThe main character in the novel, Casy, did not belong to the family of Joad. He was a priest because of his faith in the Christian doubt

16、, so he gave up teaching, to the common people. Although he was no longer a priest, he was still willing to publicize some of the truth in life and to give people inspiration. In the wilderness, he was like Jesuss spiritual quest, His insights could be seen in his outlook on life was beyond the ordi

17、nary people. He was the pursuit of spiritual wealth, and he realized a persons strength was limited. Only the individual soul combination in the “soul” had the strength to overcome difficulties and to strike the ideological roots of that.Although Casy no longer served as a pastor, his behavior and t

18、he soul of the world saved the same as Jesus. He and Tom with a family of twelve and went to California, liked Jesus with the twelve disciples to save people like the long journey. On the way, Casy showed the noble qualities of sacrifice for others. He was in prison for Tom. In prison, he learned fr

19、om the inmates why the poor would take the risk and feel pity for the poor. At the same time, he also learned that only the organization can form a powerful force. He realized the power of the “big soul”. For this experience, Casy once said “I would like Jesus to the wilderness to seek the truth, so

20、metimes almost understand some truth, but in prison, the only truly understand the truth.”(Yu 241).After coming out of the prison, Casy bent into the great cause of the plea for the poor. He organized a strike for higher wages to workers and workers exposed him to the capitalist and disintegrate wor

21、kers conspiracy. Although he died under the police stick, his spirit to inspire people inspired future generations. Joad was his heir to his spirit.2.2 JoadThe Joads family were simple farmers and had not too much on the requirements of life. They just wanted to pay on their own land and lived a sim

22、ple life. But all these were lost in the drought and the annexation of the capitalist land. No one thought of a family, and saw the description of the West on the advertising. The state of California is full of infinite hope. Joads grandfather described California as his imaginary paradise, “or let

23、me go to California, where I can pick it up if I want to eat oranges or grapes.” Theres one thing Ive never really enjoyed, Ill pick a bunch of grapes and crush it on my face, and let the sweet grape juice flow down my cheeks.”(Yu 324-325).So the Joads family would sell Oklahoma property , and Casy

24、sat on a broken down truck on the way to the west, then they met Olson in a dream was to go to the west, and walked together. But on the way, Casy instead of Joad went to jail, his grandpa died of a stroke. His brother ran away from home, and brother-in-law also gone. Then grandma died. When they ar

25、rived in California only to find that this was not an ideal paradise. Here was rich in grapes, but grapes in the huge tree. The barn would not contain food, and people were starving. A large number of pigs were slaughtered or buried, and fruits were doused with kerosene and burned as fuel, coffee an

26、d maize. But they didnt have enough food to eat. The capitalists saw too many people flee, then surplus labor forced to reduce wages to press workers. Had broken dreams, Joad once again was in trouble.The Joads family were originally honest and ordinary people timidly, but in a time of bullying, Joa

27、d began to rebel the original Joad because quarrel murder was sentenced to punishment, then he forbeared. In refugee clashes with police Hoover village, Joad had the impulse, and Casy went to jail for his own protection, so he had a deep respect for Casy. Later, on the farm, he met Casy again. Soon,

28、 Casy died in police stick, hence all this anger made Joad buried in the hearts of all broke out, and he killed the police, then escaped from the family, Casy began to continue unfinished business. His thought was also from a personal pursuit of personal happiness to the poor for the welfare of the

29、big change.2.3 Joads MotherJoads mother was an ordinary woman, but in her body, she reflected American women all the advantages. She was diligent and kind-hearted, optimistic and independent.Joads mother was a good mother, and full of love and forgiveness. She loved her children. Whether it was just

30、 out of prison after her husband left Joad or daughter Rosasharn, she had to care for protection not only in life care. Spiritual encouragement was still. She was the center of the family. She worked hard for the family. She not only loved their children for their elders but also cherish. Joads gran

31、dfather left home in Germany because of reluctant lifes hometown. Joad at home was not willing to get on the bus if forcibly dragged him into the car, which would hurt him. Joads mother was drunk with wine for him, and let him go on the car. On the way to the west, Joads grandfather died, and then h

32、er grandmother was sick. Joads mother took care of her, and fan for her, but she also let Rosasharn fan for her grandmother. After her grandmother died, she held her grandmother in her arms all night until the car came into the California desert.For the life of misfortune, Joads mother always faced

33、with optimistic attitude, towards a little pleasure in life, she would laugh. No matter what the risk, her performance calm demeanor.In the novel, there were several times. At the crucial moment, Joads mother stood out bravely to make decisions. For example on the way, their car broke down, Joads fa

34、ther would divide the team first, the team car after another. But Joads mother firmly opposed, because she thought it might be lost. Another time, on the way to the police, they unloaded the car checking, Joad mother and opposition, lied to her grandmothers ill grandmother had died, in fact, in orde

35、r to take care of all emotions, she held her grandmother died overnight.When he was ready to stay away from his family, Joad was trying to hide him in the car.Joads mother not only treated her own family full of love but also treated outsiders, like that she started at his home to Casy, take him, Jo

36、ads father was not willing, but she should be, and the Olson family respectively, she would also be a part of pork and money left for them.3. The Symbolic Meaning of CharactersBefore 1930s the U.S. economic collapsed and farmers rented the land. A lot of labor had received little income, but they we

37、re in small plots of land through their own hard work to maintain their livelihood. The economic crisis prompted the landlord to rent the tenant and took the opportunity to recover the land to sell livestock. Capitalists in tractor impact farmers lost their land and housing, which meant that the old

38、 way of life would be changed.3.1 A Symbol of Land Plot GrandpaThe Joads were driven from his family, life habits and labor in Oklahoma, Grandpa. He was the epitome of millions of older people, and his death was the symbol of the end of the old way of life.Grandpa was the older persons representativ

39、e. He was born in this land, and he worked hard in his mind than anything valuable. We could see from their homes before and after their grandfather saw this point. When Tom was released from prison, he gave the first description of the image of the old man for the first time. Grandpa was a dishevel

40、ed little old man, which the thin faced and a pair of little sparkling eyes. He loved to fight, and was argumentative, whiny, temper of evil, ruthless and anxious, like a good tempered child, also shared as a pleasurable occupation momentum, eating was swallowed, small eyes sometimes emited light. G

41、randpa fell in love with labor, bad as before he had been at work. He had also worked in California and would be able to reach out to pick grapes He was full of longing, once he playfully imagined that let grape juice into his pants, he felt that there would be a new work in fruit trees. These could

42、 be a new life for himself but was the old man strong land complex completely dismissed, starting immediately in the whole family when he changed his mind, his eyes dull, completely lost the evil that made the usual, he decided to stay at home. In the role of medicinal wine, the family took his gran

43、dfather, In the life of a lifetime of optimism, his grandfather cried, and he was not sick. It wasnt long before he died of a stroke. Great changes happened in grandfather personality and health status of older people on the old symbol of life style and his homeland. They who had lost their roots we

44、re as miserable as they have lost their souls.3.2 A Symbol of Resistance of Casy and Tom“The Grapes of Wrath” had become an enduring social novel that showed a real economic crisis under the impact of HYPERLINK javascript:; the tragic fate of bankrupt farmers in the United States, at the same time w

45、rote the change of the working class and their thoughts and feelings of the development in a new generation of young people and the rebellious spirit of revolt and capitalism under the system. The majority of the masses of the existing in society increasingly dissatisfied with Tom and Casy in the bo

46、dy had been fully reflected, through their personal experience to show the improvement of class consciousness, which a typical symbol of the spirit of resistance.Tom was a member of the oppressed laborers in his simple and honest family, and had a strong sense of justice. He did things calm, but he

47、subconsciously had a rebellious spirit. In no time he would take the fight, first time in prison was due to self induced. After he was released from prison, he realized that the law was against the poor everywhere, and he was careful not to offend him, but to be able to live together and no longer l

48、ive without a fixed abode. After being subjected to oppression, he finally got up with the police, and watched Casy priest killed by the police. He finally kill the murderer of the police. Casy said to Tom a lot of truth, at that time he hated, so he did not listen attentively. But after the death o

49、f Casy, he was able to remember these words very clearly. Tom realized that Casy was right a man had no soul of his own, but a part of a great soul. He had inherited the legacy of Casy, and ready to go and fight. He had been in the thought of a qualitative change. He had been completely transformed

50、into a true rebel.Casy was a priest. After witnessing the oppression of the farmers who lost their homes and communities after the exile, he began to doubt the doctrine of publicity, and he realized that God couldnt save the poor farmers. Only poor people together had hope. He was all for the sake o

51、f the poor, in trouble. His thought was how to let Tom in the disaster, and was not only afraid of involvement in their family, but also afraid of Tom went back to prison. Casy was taken away by police after the mouth. He couldnt be seen in the heart to have the satisfaction of helping the poor. He

52、did not regard themselves as independent soul, but a part of the great soul. During his imprisonment, he was aware of the significance of unity. After his release, he became the organizer of the strike, and he actively advocated the struggle. He told the new workers and the workers shall publicize t

53、heir old stand together. Although Casy was soon killed by the police, the truth of his propaganda and his spirit of resistance educated many people.3.3 A Symbol of Good Human Nature of MotherToms mother was a spiritual pillar. She had a strong compassion, which was a symbol of good human nature. She

54、 was not only for the sake of the family, and never refused the request of others. She did her best to help everyone around, and embodied the noble quality of selfless. In her body, Steinbeck wrote the exiles from the “I” to “we”, from the individual to the collective change, her good human nature r

55、eflected in her behavior.When Casy proposed to take a Yoder car westbound, mothers attitude was very firm, and said she could not walk. Yoder family had never refused the request of others. Her husband could not help but felt ashamed after listening to her words. Tom was released from prison after h

56、is mother had been worried about him. The police shot to kill Casy. She agreed with Toms behavior as a mother, but her heart was contradictory. On the one hand she wished his son not do it at once, but she also said that Tom should do. She could not find Toms fault. She inherited Casy to his sons be

57、hest, showing people the dauntless spirit.Had something to eat in the shelter home, she did not forget neighbors children, because there were little things that could let the children taste. She served under the pot on the ground after hurrying into the tent. The performance of her heart had selfles

58、s quality and strong compassion. The end of the novel showed her great kindness. Although she gave birth to the child, the child died. She was caught in the rain too hard to find a dry warehouse in the rest in the face of a starving man. Her daughter also understood the meaning of her mother, and sa

59、ved with the milk of a stranger. Both mother and daughter had a noble heart. They were the typical symbol of good human nature, reflected a strong humanitarian thought.4. Cause to the Ideological ChangeThe Grapes of Wrath had been a great success, and the authors personal experience was inseparable.

60、 In the autumn of 1937, John Steinbeck followed Oklahoma farmers wandering to California. Along the way, he saw the farmers displaced, lived in a hopeless situation. These deeply shocked him. In his diary, Steinbeck described many of these scenes. In the novel, the authors ingenious technique used t