全新版-大學英語第1冊第4單元(原創(chuàng))----American-Dream課件

1、Unit 4 American Dream Text ATony Trivisonnos American DreamTeaching Objectives:understand the main idea (Tony realized his American Dream through his own efforts) and structure of the text (one part telling the story of Tonys life and the other giving the authors comments on it)learn to describe a p

2、erson by his or her characteristic features, together with supporting details which demonstrate the featuresgrasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the textconduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities centered on the theme of the unit.1 Lead in Activiti

3、es2 Culture Notes3 Text Analysis6 Proverbs and Quotations4 Detailed Understanding5 Exercises1.1 Lead-in Pictures Look at the following pictures and tell what and where they are. United States Capitol Washington D.CStatue of Libertyin New YorkEmpire State Building in New YorkGolden Gate Bridgein San

4、Francisco1.2 Lead-in questions1) What do you often associate America with?2) Do you want to go to America? Why?Americaopportunitiesmoneyviolenceterrorismgood jobbetter educationbetter lifeFreedom Travel WhyWhy do they go to America?Do you know Yao Ming (姚明)? He is one of the best basketball players

5、in CBA Chinese Basketball Association). He went to America and joined Rockets in Houston( 休斯頓火箭隊). Now he is a famous star in NBA (National Basketball Association). Yao Mings dream is to play basketball in NBA. Now he made it. From this we can see that people go to America with different goals and a

6、ims. All the goals are just like their dreams. They want to seek their own dreams in America - American DreamBackImmigration in USAThe Great DepressionCultural NotesAmerican Dream21)2)3)BackAmerican DreamAmerican Dream is a belief that everyone in the United States has the chance to achieve success

7、and prosperity, as long as he/she works hard enough, and that the country offers opportunities for a good and successful life. For ordinary people, it means a happy family, an ideal job, and a nice house. For minorities and immigrants, it also includes freedom and equal right.BackImmigration in USAI

8、n the history, many people made their way to America. They went there for different purposes, some for equal rights, some for freedom such as political freedom and religious freedom. Immigrants , Apart from “Native Americans” Indians, all Americans have ancestors who were immigrants. Some immigrants

9、 come to the United States in search of a place to practice their religion freely, while others seek political . Still others arrive in hopes of building a better life for themselves and their families. After two hundred years development, America has become a melting pot (大熔爐) with people from all

10、over the world. The values of these Puritan(清教徒) settlers strongly influenced the culture of the American colonies and later of the United States. It is a new nation of immigrants compared with the old world, such as U.K.（英國）, Germany. In fact, America is a multi-cultural （多文化） and multi-national（多民

11、族）country. BackThe Great DepressionThe Great Depression is considered the most severe economic crisis in the industrialized world. The period of severe economic failure in most countries of the world that lasted from 1929 until World War II. It began in the US when the New York Stock Exchange fell o

12、n 29 October 1929, known as Black Tuesday. Many businesses and banks failed and millions of people lost their jobs. Back3 Text Analysis3.1 Text Organization3.2 Events of Tonys life story3.3 Writing strategy3.4 Summary WritingBack3.1 Text OrganizationPart 1 Para 1-29 With determination, and with help

13、 from Mr. Crawford, Tony achieved his dream of owning his own farm. (Life story of Tony Trivisonno.)Part 2 Para 30-33 Tonys career set the author thinking about why and to what extent he had been successful. (The authors reflections on the story of tony.Back Today we are going to learn a text about

14、American dream of an ordinary person. Lets see what his American dream is and how he realizes it. 3.2 Events of Tonys life story1) For what did Tony come to America?For a better life.3) How did Tony fulfill his dream? P-982) What was his American dream?Time SequenceFind out time words and phrases: i

15、ndicators of each step of Tony on his way to successParasTime words and phrasesTonys Steps toward Success1-10one evening11-13summer passed into fall14-16one day17-21a year or two passed22-27after about two years28-33during the warTony started to work as a help at Mr. Crawfords house.Tony got a job c

16、learing snow at Mr. Crawfords factory.Tony asked to be trained as an apprentice, and later learned to be a skilled worker.Tony bought a house with the help of Mr. Crawford.Tony bought a farm and sent for his family in Italy.Tony died, leaving his family a prosperous farm and his children educated. 4

17、) What is the key to Tonys success?Answers: Tony worked very hard to create his American Dream. Besides, he was determined, self-controlled, optimistic, self-respected, honest and responsible. All these helped him become successful.5) Compare Tony with the greatest industrialists實業(yè)家. Both Tony and t

18、he greatest industrialists are successful in pursuing their American Dreams. They reached their success by working hard, and by the same values and principles. The only difference was that they had different financial achievements.BackThere are four kinds of writing, namely, description描寫文, narratio

19、n敘述文, exposition說明文and argumentation論說文. From the title, can you guess what kind of writing Text A belongs to? 3.3 Writing StrategyTo narrate is to give an account of an event or series of events. In a broad sense, narrative writing includes stories, biographies傳記，histories歷史劇, news and so on. The f

20、irst part focuses on the life story of Tony, so Text A belongs to narration. 3.3.1 narration Narrative passages usually employ time sequence and space sequence.3.3.2 The importance of details in describing a personChanges of Tonys appearance: -He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin -He seem

21、ed to stand a little straighter直挺的. He was heavier. He had a look of confidence -He was neatly dressedChanges in Tonys manner towards “me”: -Tony had remained standing when talking to “me” -we sat down and talked.Functions of these details: they present an increasingly well-to-do富裕的 Tony. Tonys soci

22、al status was improving step by step.Back3.4 Summary Writing 3.4.1 Language Input 3.4.2 Language OutputBackFrom the start, Tony showed his _ to _ his dream. When he came to Mr. Crawford for help, for the first time, Mr. Crawford _, but he didnt give up. Later, Mr. Crawford offered him a job in the f

23、actory. He worked hard, and learned to be a _ worker. Then with Mr. Crawfords help, he managed to get a loan on _ for a house. Finally he bought a farm, and he was able to _ his family from Italy. His dream came true.determination; realize/achieve/fulfill; turn him away/down; skilled/skillful; chara

24、cter; send forBackLanguage OutputAfter Tony graduating from college, Tony decided to _(自己創(chuàng)業(yè)). At the beginning, many banks _ (拒絕了他的貸款要求). But he was not discouraged and continued to _(拜訪一個個的銀行家) seeking help. turned down his request for a loanstart his own businesscall on one banker after anotherMov

25、ed by his _(決心和樂觀精神), a banker agreed to loan him. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. _ (在談到驚人的成就時), Tony put emphasis on _ (創(chuàng)造機遇而不是等待機遇的重要性。)determination and optimismSpeaking of his amazing achievementsthe importance of creating rather than waiting for opportunitiesBack4 Detailed Understandi

26、ngDetailed Understanding4.1 Language Points4.2 Sentence Structure4.4Translation4.3 Useful expressionsBack4.1 Language Points4.1.1 Part One4.1.2 Part Twoturn away: refuse to help sb. or to allow sb. to enter a place 拒絕幫助，不讓.進入；把臉轉過去1. .but how could I turn away a person who had come to me for help? (

27、L10)A doctor cant turn away a dying man. He turned away several people who didnt have the tickets. We cant turn away those who are in trouble.Collocation: turn into: 使變成 turn in交還，上交, turn down拒絕；調低, turn up, turn off關；拐彎, turn on, turn out生產，制造；證明，結果, turn over仔細考慮She turned away in horror at the s

28、ight of so much blood. assume: suppose假設，以為 采用，承擔，開始擔任 裝出，顯出2. I assumed you had hired him. (L16)A large proportion of population assume the price will continue to rise.At the age of 40, he assumed presidency of the college.She assumed a look of surprise when she heard the news.assumption-假定；假設Presu

29、me 假定，假設，認為Consume 消費，消耗Consumption 消費(量)；消耗，滅絕Resume 拿回，取回, 重新開始，繼續(xù)Resumption 收回；再占領, 繼續(xù)；再使用Presumption 推測，猜測，假定；設想compliment: praise 贊揚，贊美 v. compliment sb. on sth. praise sb. for sth.n. 贊美的言辭或行為;致意，問候（復數）3. I complimented him on the work he had done. (L10)Her guests complimented her on the decora

30、tion of her house.She received many compliments on the design of her new dress.她那件新裙子的設計,受到許多人稱贊。Extend my compliments to your family.4. I managed to work out some kind of small weekly pay. (L24)-TranslationWell leave it to the committee to work out the details of the plan.work out: plan, solve, cal

31、culate 制定出，解決，算出,理解，弄懂See if you can work this puzzle out.I cant work out the meaning of this poem.They worked out a method of sending a spacecraft to the space.We havent worked out a good way to keep in touch with him.The accountant has worked out your share of the expense at 1,000 yuan.Collocation

32、: work at:從事 work up: 引起，激起Weekly 每周的，一周一次的(1). adj. happening once a week or every week. He thinks his weekly wage of 100 yuan is enough. Are you paid weekly or monthly?(2). adv. once a week, every week, by the week. 21st century is published weekly.(3). n. a publication issued發(fā)行once a weekBusiness

33、 Weekly 商業(yè)周刊 Publishers Weekly (美)出版商周刊a twice weekly 半周刊 do/deal with:對待，處理 -used in questions with what5. Well, what do you do with such determination and hope? (L30)What have you done with my book?What are we going to do with the food left over from the party?(2). tolerate. I cant do with him and

34、 his impoliteness.(3). ( often with could, can) desireI could do with a cup of tea.do without: 沒有也行，將就do away with: 廢除，去掉have something to do with: 和有點關系have nothing to do with: 和毫無關系capacity: 1) the ability to understand or do sth. 能力，才能His capacity for remembering things is interesting. 2) the pow

35、er of ability to hold or contain sth. 容量6. But I doubted whether Tony had the capacity to read blueprints and micrometers or do precision work. (L36)This book is within the capacity of young readers. The seating capacity of this theater is over 500. The hall has a seating capacity of 500.The maximum

36、 amount that can be contained.The trunk槽 is filled to capacity.CF: 表示能力capacity 用于物時，指容納接受的能力，如容積，容量，生產能力；用于人時，指潛在的能力，多用于才智，道德，尤指接受能力，穎悟性，敏感性等。ability 既指天賦的能力，也指培養(yǎng)造就而獲得的本領，主要用于人，指已經表現出來的實際能力，尤指人的思維能力。capability: 較多用于人，指勝任某項工作的能力，本領proficiency: 正式用語，帶有技術性，指對業(yè)務的精通和熟練。1. Her mental _ is very great.2. T

37、he film is beyond the _ of the children.3. _ in several foreign languages is needed for work as a travelers guide.4. He has the _ of solving practical problems.abilitycapacityProficiencycapability7. He had learned to read the millionths of an inch on the micrometer and to shape the grinding wheel wi

38、th an instrument set with a diamond. My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story. (L42) 他學會了在千分尺上辨識一百萬分之一英寸，會用鑲嵌著金剛石的工具制作砂輪。我和太太都挺高興，覺得他的事總算有了個令人滿意的結局。8 On the edge of town, he had found a house for sale, a complete wreck. (L45)for sale 代售 available to be boughtW

39、reck 殘破物；殘骸The company will put the house for sale. Not for sale 非賣品on sale 上市，出售；減價，賤賣a sale on credit 賒購on sale or return 包退包換的，無法銷售可以退貨的call on: (1): visit sb. for a short time拜訪9. I called on a banker friend. “Do you ever loan money on character?” (L48)I shall call on my advisor before I start w

40、riting the term paper. call on sb. to do sth:請或叫某人做某事; 號召，呼吁(2): summon號召, appeal呼吁They called on the workers of the city to support the strike.(3):invite, requireThe host of the party called on the Chairman to speak. collocation : call for 邀約；要求；需要 call off 取消 call up 打電話；召集；想起 call in 順路到某處;收回 (1)

41、. the particular collection of qualities that make sb./sth. Different from other.品質的培養(yǎng)應是教育的主要點Character building should be the main point of education.He has a strong but gentle character.他有堅強但溫柔的性格。character: 品德，品質；個性，特色，性格；人物；字(2). person in a play, movie, etcI find all the characters in his new p

42、lay very real.(3). Letter, sign or mark used in a system of writing or printing.The characters in Chinese writing look like small pictures.a leading character a Chinese charactercharacteristic: 特性，特征; 特有的，表示特性的漢字看起來像是一幅幅小圖畫。 CF: character, characteristic, feature & personalitycharacter: 指成年人已經充分發(fā)展的生

43、活方式，而且往往與品格有關characteristic: 指某物的任何方面，不涉及全局的重要性，但常指有代表性的一個側面，常用于科技領域feature: 通常指外貌的特征或特別的、附加的、有吸引力的東西personality: 偏重指一個人表現出來的無法明確闡述的整個情緒方面的特點，不與形容詞連用時表示情感上的吸引力1. An aquiline nose was her best _.鷹鉤鼻子是她最明顯的特征2.He can read a guys _ at the first glance. 他一眼就能看出一個人的品質3. He has character but no _.他有性格但沒個性

44、4.A psychological report lists very possible _ of the person being studied.一份心理學報告列舉了研究對象所有可能有的特征featurecharacterpersonalitycharacteristic10. Youre not getting a damn thing from your lot. It will stay there for years. (L51)-Translation眼下，你從你那塊地上一分錢也得不到。那塊地空在那兒要好多年呢。 lot:地皮，場地a vacant lota parking lo

45、t 11 Reluctantly, the banker wrote a mortgage for $2,000 and gave Tony the house with no down payment. (L54)-Translation那位銀行家勉強開了兩千美金抵押貸款，沒要托尼首付款就把房子給了他。 mortgage買房者可以先貸一大筆款來買下房子，然后通過分期付款慢慢還債，這種貸款方式就叫做mortgage（抵押），pay ones mortgage in monthly installment（每月分期付款償還抵押借款） installment payment 分期付款down pa

46、yment: the initial payment 首付12. From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing Tony would gather and take home. (L55)從那以后，只要有人在我家附近丟棄了零星雜物，壞了的屏風啦，五金器具啦，包裝紙板啦，托尼都會收起來拿回家，看到這些，我覺得真是很有趣。They discarded em

47、pty bottles/ old beliefs discard 指“拋棄、丟棄”無用的、已經成為負擔或障礙的人或物 abandon “丟棄、離棄”指徹底、永久地離開某個地方，如家園、船只、飛機等； 表示“拋棄、遺棄”時，賓語為人，往往指割斷某種關系（如親情、友情等）； 還可表示“放棄（希望、努力等）” discard: throw away 拋棄 odds and ends:零碎的東西這種詞組在英語中叫對詞。大綱中要求掌握的對詞有：back and forth來回地，反復地black and blue青一塊紫一塊by and by不久，遲早by and large大體上，總的來說day an

48、d night見 night and dayebb and flow興衰，起伏far and wide到處few and far between稀疏的，稀少的first and foremost首要的是，首先here and now此時此刻here and there各處in black and white白紙黑字odds and ends零星雜物，瑣碎物品 off and on斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地，間歇地，有時on and on繼續(xù)不斷地，不停地once (and) for all一勞永逸地，永遠地over and above除之外（還），超過over and over (again)一再地，再三地s

49、afe and sound安然無恙then and there / there and then 當場，當即through and through完全，徹底time and again/ time after time 屢次，一再by / in leaps and bounds極其迅速地 by trial and error反復試驗，不斷摸索 every now and then時常，不時，間或the rank and file普通士兵，普通成員through thick and thin 不顧艱難險阻，在任何情況下 amaze: surprise sb. very much 使驚愕，使詫異b

50、e amazed at (by)對大為驚奇13. I was amazed. (L62)Her knowledge amazes me.Visitors were amazed at the achievements in the car manufacture of the city during the past decade. Audrey Hepburnastonishamazesurprise, 但amaze有驚嘆之意amazing:令人驚異的; amazement:驚愕，驚異I was amazed by the news of Georges sudden death.聽到喬治突

51、然去逝的消息,我感到驚愕。It amazed me that you would believe those lies.It amazed me to discover how long the dinosaur age lasted.send for: ask for the arrival of派人去叫，召喚，派人去拿14. He had sent for his wife and son and daughter back in Italy. (L62)We may have to send to Japan for spare parts. What will you do if yo

52、ur water pipes have burst？We must send for a plumber管子工. 大綱中含send的詞組有:send away 把打發(fā)走send for1.派人去請，召喚； 2.函購，函索send in遞送，呈報，提交send off郵寄，發(fā)送send out1.發(fā)送（信函、貨物等）； 2.發(fā)出（聲音等）send up使上升abandon: give up completely or forever 拋棄，放棄15. .until he found a small, abandoned piece of property with a house and she

53、d.(L62)The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund. With more and more people purchasing houses, property prices have been on the rise. The police found some stolen property hidden in the thiefs house. property: 房地產；財產；所有權1. land, buildings or both togetherLittle property was left in the s

54、mall country after the war.2. the thing or things that sb. Owns Intellectual Property-知識產權 private property 私人財產 public property 公共財產 personal property 動產 real property 不動產sponsor: v. 為.做保證人，資助；主辦，發(fā)起 n. 保證人，主辦者，發(fā)起人one who puts forward or guarantees a proposal a sponsor country 主辦國16. Tony was sponso

55、ring him. (L62)He is academic achievements are much attributed to his sponsor.他在學業(yè)上的成就很大程度上要歸功于他的擔保人。 The term soap opera肥皂劇 was coined because the TV series were originally sponsored by soap powder companies. an amused look: 頑皮的表情amuse:逗樂，給.提供娛樂17. With an amused look in his eye, he told me that wh

56、en they approached the little farm. (L62)be amused at/by/with以為樂；對覺得有趣/好笑amusement n. 娛樂，消遣，樂趣; amusing引人發(fā)笑的，有趣的; amused感到有趣的，被逗樂的 approach: v. 1) come near to接近; 2) 處理 n. 1) 接近，走近 2) way 步驟，方法 As people approached old age their energy may diminish. We need to find a better way of approaching this p

57、roblem. The approach of winter brings cold weather.The performance approaches perfection. 近乎完美Everyone has his own approach to study. present a new approachpass away: (euphemism) die 仙逝，逝世 18. Tony had passed away. (L62)The teenager has lived on his own since his parents passed away four years ago.

58、His pet dog passed away at last. His mother kicked the bucket. euphemism:委婉語 Exe.P104dustmangraveyarddieold peopletoiletfatbutcherskinnyoverweightmeat technologistsenior citizensanitary engineermemory gardenslimbathroom/restroom/washroombe no more大綱中含有pass的詞組pass by 不注意,忽視,經過,從旁走過pass down 使傳下來pass

59、off 終止，停止pass off (as)充作，被看著，被當作pass on傳授，傳遞pass out昏倒，失去知覺pass over對不加考慮pass up放過（機會），放棄check on: 檢查see that (see to it that): make sure thathandle: manage, control管理，處理，操縱19.I asked our people to check on his family and see that everything was properly handled. (L62)She handled a difficult argumen

60、t skillfully. He saw (to it) that much of his sons spare time was profitably occupied.If you have 4 or 5 children, what will you feel?owe:欠， 欠債；感恩；感激；歸功于owe sb sth.; owe sth to sth.20. and Tony didnt owe a cent. (L62)I owe him ten dollars.He owes his success to his hard work.owing to 由于 thanks to, b