劍9閱讀真題2isthereanybodyoutthere

1、WORD格式PAGE1 / NUMPAGES5劍9閱讀2原文和生詞IsThereAnybodyOutThere?TheSearchforExtra-terrestrialIntelligenceThequestionofwhetherwearealoneintheUniversehashauntedhumanityforcenturies,butwemaynowstandpoisedonthebrinkoftheanswertothatquestion,aswesearchforradiosignalsfromotherintelligentcivilizations.Thissearch,o

2、ftenknownbytheacronymSETI(searchforextra-terrestrialintelligence),isadifficultone.Althoughgroupsaroundtheworldhavebeensearchingintermittentlyforthreedecades,itisonlynowthatwehavereachedtheleveloftechnologywherewecanmakeadeterminedattempttosearchallnearbystarsforanysignoflife.1.hauntedadj.鬧鬼的，鬼魂常出沒的，

3、受到困擾的。hauntn常到的地方，vt，纏住，常到，出沒（像鬼魂似的）2.poised.adj.泰然自若的，蓄勢待發(fā)的，保持平衡的，有充分準(zhǔn)備。3.Brinkn.邊緣，邊沿，界限。4.Acronymn.首字母縮略詞Acro是否是一個前綴，而nym與name意義接近。5civilisation(E)=civilization(A)發(fā)音一樣，英為S，美國為Z。文明，文化，教化。6extra-terrestrialn.外星人，adj.地球（大氣圈）外，的人，行星際的。Terran.土，土地，地球Terraalba石膏粉，白土Terracotta赤土制成的陶器Terraincognita【拉】未發(fā)現(xiàn)

4、的地域，未知知識領(lǐng)域Terracen.平臺，陽臺，梯田Terracedhouse排屋中的一棟房屋，聯(lián)排別墅Terracing梯田，階地，階梯看臺區(qū)。7intermittentlyadv間歇地intermitv暫時停止，中斷，（使）間斷ATheprimaryreasonforthesearchisbasiccuriositythesamecuriosityaboutthenaturalworldthatdrivesallpurescience.WewanttoknowwhetherwearealoneintheUniverse.Wewanttoknowwhetherlifeevolvesnatu

5、rallyifgiventherightconditions,orwhetherthereissomethingveryspecialabouttheEarthtohavefosteredthevarietyoflifeformsthatweseearoundusontheplanet.Thesimpledetectionofaradiosignalwillbesufficienttoanswerthismostbasicofallquestions.Inthissense,SETIisanothercoginthemachineryofpuresciencewhichiscontinuall

6、ypushingoutthehorizonofourknowledge.However,thereareotherreasonsforbeinginterestedinwhetherlifeexistselsewhere.Forexample,wehavehadcivilizationonEarthforperhapsonlyafewthousandyears,andthethreatsofnuclearwarandpollutionoverthelastfewdecadeshavetoldusthatoursurvivalmaybetenuous.Willwelastanothertwoth

7、ousandyearsorwillwewipeourselvesout?Sincethelifetimeofaplanetlikeoursisseveralbillionyears,wecanexpectthat,ifothercivilizationsdosurviveinourgalaxy,theirageswillrangefromzerotoseveralbillionyears.Thusanyothercivilizationthatwehearfromislikelytobefarolder,onaverage,thanourselves.Themereexistenceofsuc

8、hacivilizationwilltellusthattheoldercivilizationmaypassonthebenefitsoftheirexperienceindealingwiththreatstosurvivalsuchasnuclearwarandglobalpollution,andotherthreatsthatwehaventyetdiscovered.8evolvev.(使)逐步形成，使逐步演變，進(jìn)化TheAmericanconstitutionwasplanned;theBritishconstitutionevolved.美國憲法是精心制定的，英國憲法是約定俗成

9、的。Hehasevolvedanewtheoryaftermanyyearsofresearch.他經(jīng)過多年的研究，逐漸總結(jié)出了新的理論。evolve的基本意思是“演變”進(jìn)“化”表,示某物事物自身發(fā)展的結(jié)果,也可表示某物事物逐漸地、循序地顯現(xiàn)、展開,強調(diào)其緩慢、復(fù)雜的演變過程。evolve既可用作不及物動詞,也可用作及物動詞。用作及物動詞時,接名詞或代詞作賓語;用作不及物動詞時,常與介詞from,into等連用。9fosterv.領(lǐng)養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)，促進(jìn)，抱有希望等adj收養(yǎng)的10sufficientadj足夠的充分的，to,足夠1111cogn.輪齒；從屬地位的人或物；詐騙；雄榫v.用雄榫連接；欺騙

10、12tenuousadj.脆弱的；稀薄的；貧乏的；纖細(xì)的；空洞的13lifetimen.一生；終身；壽命；使用期限14optimismn.樂觀；樂觀主義15BIndiscussingwhetherwearealone,mostSETIscientistsadopttwogroundrules.First,UFOs(UnidentifiedFlyingObjects)aregenerallyignoredsincemostscientistsdonconsidertheevidenceforthemtobestrongenoughtobearseriousconsideration(althou

11、ghitisalsoimportanttokeepanopenmindincaseanyreallyconvincingevidenceemergesinthefuture).Second,wemakeaveryconservativeassumptionthatwearelookingforalifeformthatisprettywelllikeus,sinceifitdiffersradicallyfromuswemaywellnotrecognizeitasalifeform,quiteapartfromwhetherweareabletocommunicatewithit.Inoth

12、erwords,thelifeformwearelookingformaywellhavetwogreenheadsandsevenfingers,butitwillneverthelessresembleusinthatitshouldcommunicatewithitsfellows,beinterestedintheUniverse,liveonaplanetorbitingastarlikeourSun,andperhapsmostrestrictively,haveachemistry,likeus,basedoncarbonandwater.16groundrulesn.程序；場地

13、臨時規(guī)則；基本規(guī)則17mergevi.浮現(xiàn)；(由某種狀態(tài))脫出；(事實)顯現(xiàn)出來18conservativeadj.保守的；守舊的n.保守派(黨)；保守的人18radicallyadv.根本地；完全地；過激地19uiteapartfrom更何況,更不用說21everthelessresembleadv.盡管如此；不過；仍然conj.然而/不過像，相似22orbitn.勢力X圍；眼眶；軌跡vt.繞軌道而行；進(jìn)入軌道vi.盤旋CEverwhenwemaketheseassumptions,ourunderstandingofotherlifeformsisstillseverelylimited.

14、Wedonotevenknow,forexample,howmanystarshaveplanets,andwecertainlydonotknowhowlikelyitisthatlifewillarisenaturally,giventherightconditions.However,whenwelookatthe100billionstarsinourgalaxy(theMilkyWay),and100billiongalaxiesintheobservableUniverse,itseemsinconceivablethatatleastoneoftheseplanetsdoesno

15、thavealifeformonit;infact,thebesteducatedguesswecanmake,usingthelittlethatwedoknowabouttheconditionsforcarbon-basedlife,leadsustoestimatethatperhapsonein100,000starsmighthavealife-bearingplanetorbitingit.Thatmeansthatournearestneighboursareperhaps100lightyearsaway,whichisalmostnextdoorinastronomical

16、terms.23estimaten.估價；估計v.估計；估價；評價24astronomicaladj.天文學(xué)的；巨大的DAnaliencivilizationcouldchoosemanydifferentwaysofsendinginformationacrossthegalaxy,butmanyoftheseeitherrequiretoomuchenergy,orelseareseverelyattenuatedwhiletraversingthevastdistancesacrossthegalaxy.Itturnsoutthat,foragivenamountoftransmitte

17、dpower,radiowavesinthefrequencyrange1000to3000MHztravelthegreatestdistance,andsoallsearchestodatehaveconcentratedonlookingforradiowavesinthisfrequencyrange.Sofartherehavebeenanumberofsearchesbyvariousgroupsaroundtheworld,includingAustraliansearchesusingtheradiotelescopeatParkes,NewSouthWales.Untilno

18、wtherehavenotbeenanydetectionsfromthefewhundredstarswhichhavebeensearched.Thescaleofthesearcheshasbeenincreaseddramaticallysince1992,whentheUSCongressvotedNASA$10millionperyearfortenyearstoconductathoroughsearchforextra-terrestriallife.Muchofthemoneyinthisprojectisbeingspentondevelopingthespecialhar

19、dwareneededtosearchmanyfrequenciesatonce.Theprojecthastwoparts.Onepartisatargetedsearchusingtheworldslargtelescopes,theAmerican-operatedtelescopeinArecibo,PuertoRicoandtheFrenchtelescopeinNancyinFrance.Thispartoftheprojectissearchingthenearest1000likelystarswithhighsensitivityforsignalsinthefrequenc

20、yrange1000to3000MHz.Theotherpartoftheprojectisanundirectedsearchwhichismonitoringallofspacewithalowersensitivity,usingthesmallerantennasofNASAsDeepSpaceNetwork.25lienn.外僑；外國人；外星人adj.外國的；陌生的；相異的26attenuatedv.變細(xì)；稀釋；變?nèi)鮝dj.細(xì)的；薄的；減少的27traversingn.橫渡；橫越動詞traverse的現(xiàn)在分詞.28vastadj.巨大的；廣闊的29turnoutv.結(jié)果是；生產(chǎn)；出現(xiàn)；關(guān)閉；翻轉(zhuǎn)；證明是30transmittedadj.傳輸?shù)?；傳送的；傳達(dá)的31thoroughadj.徹底的；完全的；詳盡的；細(xì)致深入的32antennas英?nten?z天線EThereisconsiderabledebateoverhowweshouldreactifwedetectasignalfromanaliencivilization.Everybodyagreesthatweshou