社會政治與經濟類英語熱點詞塊翻譯

1、社會政治與經濟類英語熱點詞塊翻譯Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革擴大開放 The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建設有中國特色的社會主義理論The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社會主義初級階段的理論One focus, two basic points 一個中心，兩個基本點Focus on economic construction 以經濟建設為中心Adhere to the four cardinal princip

2、les 堅持四項基本原則Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 堅持改革開放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住機遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability擴大開放，促進發(fā)展，保持穩(wěn)定Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利

3、于發(fā)展社會主義生產力 Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增強綜合國力 Whether it would be beneficial to raising peoples living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平 Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社會主義公有制為主體Common development of multi-economic sectors 多種經濟成分共同發(fā)

4、展Establishment of socialist market economy 社會主義市場經濟的建立Deepening economic reform 深化經濟改革Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定的關系Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革與促進發(fā)展Economic growth and social progress 經濟增長與社會進步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加強農業(yè)的基礎地

5、位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科學技術是第一生產力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加強社會主義法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform and opening up policy 改革開放政策Reform measures 改革措施Speed up reform 加快改革Reform of economic system 經濟體制改革Reform of state-owned enterprises 國有企業(yè)

6、改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加強國有資產管理Reform of management of state-owned property 國有資產管理體制改革Reform of property rights system 產權制度改革Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通體制改革Reform of foreign trade system 外貿體制改革Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革Reform of social security system 社會保

7、險制度改革Reform of housing system 住房制度改革Planning system 計劃管理體制Transferring the function of government 轉換政府職能Open door policy 開放政策Open economy 開放經濟Open-door to the outside world 對外開放Opening up 擴大開放Open domestic market 開放國內市場Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引進外國的資金，先進技術和managerial experi

8、ences 管理經驗Economic and technical development zone 經濟技術開發(fā)區(qū)Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海經濟特區(qū)One country, two systems 一國兩制Special administrative region 特別行政區(qū)Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭聯(lián)產承包責任制to the householdNarrowing the gap between the rich and poor 縮小貧富差距El

9、iminate poverty 消除貧困Common prosperity 共同富裕ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 經濟和市場經濟Socialist market economy 社會主義市場經濟Socialist sector of economy 社會主義經濟成分State-owned economy 國有經濟Non-state economy 非國有經濟Collective economy 集體經濟Individual economy 個體經濟Coexistence of various economic composition 多種經濟成分共存Sustained,

10、 rapid and sound economic development 持續(xù)，快速和健康的經濟發(fā)展 National economic budget 國民經濟預算Comprehensive development of economy 經濟綜合發(fā)展 Strategy for economic development 經濟發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏觀經濟政策理論Macroeconomic decision 宏觀經濟決策Microeconomic phenomenon 微觀經濟現象Traditional planned economy 傳統(tǒng)的計劃經

11、濟Stimulate economic development 刺激經濟發(fā)展Commodity economy 商品經濟Market economy 市場經濟Free market economy 自由市場經濟Developed market economy 發(fā)達的市場經濟Developing market economy 發(fā)展中的市場經濟Emerging market economy 新興市場經濟Mature market economy 成熟市場經濟Market economy country 市場經濟國家Extensive economy 粗放型經濟Intensive economy 集

12、約型經濟Transform the extensive economic 粗放型經濟轉變?yōu)閙ode into intensive one 集約型經濟Mixed economy 混合經濟Regional economy 地區(qū)經濟Internal-oriented economy 內向型經濟Closed economy 閉關自守經濟Economic growth point 經濟增長點Economic growth mode 經濟增長方式Economic growth rate 經濟增長率Economy measure 經濟手段Diversified economy 多種經濟，多樣化經濟Econo

13、mic situation 經濟形勢Economic cycle 經濟周期Economic fluctuation 經濟波動Economic miracle 經濟奇跡Economic take-off 經濟起飛Economic recovery 經濟復蘇Economic potential 經濟潛力Economic sanction 經濟制裁Global economy 全球經濟Economic globalization 經濟全球化Integration of world economy 世界經濟一體化International economic integration 國際經濟一體化New

14、 international economic order 國際新經濟秩序Multi-polarization of world economy 世界經濟多極化Economic community 經濟共同體MACRO-CONTROL 宏觀調控Strengthen macro-control 加強宏觀調控Soft landing 軟著路Macro-economic situation 宏觀經濟形勢Macro control and micro invigoration 宏觀控制與微觀搞活Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 總

15、量控制與經濟結構調整Tight control on investment in fixed assets 緊縮固定資產投資控制Tight financial and monetary policy 從緊的金融貨幣政策Moderately tight monetary policy 適度從緊的貨幣政策Moderately tight credit policy 適度從緊的信貸政策Loosening tight monetary policy 放松緊縮的貨幣政策Adequate amount of the money supply 適度貨幣供應量Excessive amount of curre

16、ncy issue 過度貨幣發(fā)行量Maintain monetary stability 保持貨幣穩(wěn)定Cheap money policy 低息貨幣政策Adjustment of interest rate 利率調整Cut interest rate 降低利率Control of interest rate 利率控制Deflation policy 緊縮政策Market intervention 市場干預State intervention 國家干預Administrative interference 行政干預Administrative intervention 行政干預Administr

17、ative measure 行政措施Economy measure 經濟手段Risk-control mechanism 風險控制機制Overheated economy 過熱的經濟 Consumer price index 消費品價格指數Commodity price index 商品物價指數Retail price index 零售物價指數Average price index 平均物價指數Cost-of-living index 生活費用指數Control of inflation 通貨膨脹控制Demand-pull inflation 需求拉動的通貨膨脹Double digit inf

18、lation 兩位數字通貨膨脹Excessive inflation 過度的通貨膨脹Galloping inflation 惡性通貨膨脹Hyperinflation 極度通貨膨脹Hidden inflation 隱性通貨膨脹Structural inflation 結構性通貨膨脹 Stagflation 經濟停滯型的通貨膨脹Inflation factor 通貨膨脹因素Inflation of credit 信用膨脹Inflation rate 通貨膨脹率Inflationary pressure 通貨膨脹壓力 Curb inflation 抑制通貨膨脹Curb the real estate

19、 craze 抑制房地產熱Development zone craze 開發(fā)區(qū)熱 Overall demand and supply 總需求和總供給Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡Supply and demand relation 供求關系Supply over demand 供過于求Supply exceeds demand 供過于求Economic crisis 經濟危機Economic depression 經濟蕭條MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 國有資產管理Establish a system for

20、the management, supervision 建立國有資產管理，監(jiān)督和營運體系and operation of State assets Reform of management of state-owned property 國有資產管理體制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 產權清晰，責權明確，政企分開，responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科學management and adopting scientific management

21、Regulation on the supervision and management 國有企業(yè)監(jiān)督管理條例of the state-owned enterprises Laws and regulations on the administration of 國有資產管理法律法規(guī)state-owned property Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主經營，自負盈虧，自我發(fā)展，for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我約束and self-reliance

22、Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 堅持政企分開的原則，轉變政府 government from those of enterprises and alter the 經濟管理職能 governments role in economic managementSafeguard state property 保衛(wèi)國有資產Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止國有資產流失

23、Reform of property rights system 產權制度改革Definition of property rights 產權界定Clarification of property rights 明晰產權Registration of property rights 產權登記Annual checks of the registration of property rights 產權登記年檢Certificate of title 產權證書Change of registration 變更登記 Change of title 產權變更Transfer of property r

24、ights 產權轉讓Transaction of property rights 產權交易Property rights transfer agency 產權交易機構Inspection of assets 資產清查 Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定資產重估Asset appraisal 資產評估Productive assets 經營性資產Non-productive assets 非經營性資產Return on assets 資產收益Balance sheet 資產負債表Consolidated balance sheet 合并資產負債表Reform of

25、State-Owned Enterprises國有企業(yè)改革Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大國有企業(yè)改革力度Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 調整改組國有企業(yè)促進資產重組promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高國有經濟的總體素質 overall quality of the State sector of the economyConcentrate on rejuvenating State-own

26、ed large 集中力量抓好國有大型企業(yè)和 enterprises and enterprises groups 企業(yè)集團Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 發(fā)展跨地區(qū)跨行業(yè)的企業(yè)集團groups Reform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改組和改造Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改組，聯(lián)合，兼并，股份合作制partnership, leasing, contract operation 租賃，承包經營和出售and sell-off M

27、anage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的policy towards small ones Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活國有小企業(yè) Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 規(guī)范破產程序，鼓勵企業(yè)兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促進再就業(yè)Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允許虧

28、損企業(yè)兼并或破產or go bankrupt Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人員Re-employment funds 再就業(yè)基金Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切實加強企業(yè)經營管理management of enterprisesStrengthen financial management of enterprises 強化企業(yè)財務管理Tighten control over extra budgetary funds 加強預算外資金管理Increase capital and redu

29、ce debts through various 多渠道增資減債channelsStrive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企業(yè)扭虧增盈increase profitsDevelop various modes of operation and marketing 發(fā)展多種營銷方式Alleviate enterprises social burdens 減輕企業(yè)的社會負擔By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通過挖潛改造technology Mechanism for selecting t

30、he superior and eliminating 優(yōu)勝劣汰機制the inferiorEnjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的決策權Allow employees to hold some shares 允許職工持股Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 給更多的生產企業(yè)自營出口權in export independentlyProtect the interests of the working class 保護工人階級利益Technological upgrading 技術改造Ref

31、orm of state-owned enterprises 國有企業(yè)改革Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化國有企業(yè)改革Modern enterprise system 現代企業(yè)制度Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 國有企業(yè)重組Transform the enterprises management mechanismsof State-owned enterprises 轉換國有企業(yè)經營機制Adjustment of industrial structure 行業(yè)結構調整

32、Industrial policy 產業(yè)政策Support and develop large enterprises and release smallenterprises 支持發(fā)展大企業(yè)放開小企業(yè)Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can be turned into corporate enterprises 大中型企業(yè)可轉變?yōu)楣煞莨維maller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企業(yè)可轉變?yōu)楣煞莺献髦芌eadjust the asset-liability

33、 ratio of state-owned enterprises 調整國有企業(yè)資產負債比State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 國有獨立核算企業(yè)Pioneer enterprise 試點企業(yè)Enlarge the right of self-management 擴大自主權 Optimize capital structure 優(yōu)化資本結構Optimize resource allocation 優(yōu)化資源配置Optimize investment structure 優(yōu)化投資結構Recapitalization 調整

34、資本結構Capital reorganization 資本重組Promote rational flow of property right 促進產權合理流動Reduce staff to improve efficiency 減員增效Investment risk mechanism 投資風險機制Project capital system 項目資本金制度Legal person responsibility system 法人責任制Responsibility for ones own profit and loss 自負盈虧Enterprise contract management r

35、esponsibility system 企業(yè)承包責任制Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的經濟結構 Unreasonable product structure 不合理的產品結構 Repeated construction 重復建設Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外國設備和技術的重復引進Regional and departmental protectionism 地區(qū)和部門保持主義Government supervision 政府監(jiān)督Operating strategy

36、經營戰(zhàn)略Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式Backward in management 管理落后Relying on government subsidy 依賴政府補貼Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社會補貼Heavy social burdens 沉重的社會負擔Excessive production capacity 過剩的生產能力Merger and acquisition 兼并與收購Encourage merger 鼓勵兼并Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 對破產和兼并企業(yè)的優(yōu)

37、惠政策Standardize bankruptcy procedure 規(guī)范破產程序Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破產Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多層次的社會保障制度Re-employment projects 再就業(yè)工程Re-employment of redundant workers 富余職工再就業(yè)Laid-off workers 下崗職工ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企業(yè)和公司Central enterprise 中央企業(yè)Local enterprise 地方企業(yè)

38、Backbone enterprise 骨干企業(yè)Large and medium enterprise 大中型企業(yè)State-owned enterprise 國有企業(yè)Enterprise solely funded by the State 國有獨資企業(yè)State-owned firm 國有公司，國有企業(yè) Corporate enterprise 股份制企業(yè)Collective enterprise 集體企業(yè)Collective firm 集體企業(yè)，合作企業(yè)Township enterprise 鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)Partnership enterprise 合伙企業(yè)Individual enterp

39、rise 個體企業(yè) Foreign-funded enterprise 外資企業(yè)Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企業(yè)Small business 小企業(yè)Primary industry 第一產業(yè)Secondary industry 第二產業(yè)Tertiary industry 第三產業(yè)Corporate Law 公司法Township Enterprise Law 鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)法Independent legal entities 獨立法人Board of directors 董事會Board of supervisors 監(jiān)事會Shareholders conference 股

40、東大會Entrepreneur 企業(yè)家Firm 公司，企業(yè)Company 公司Incorporation 公司Corporation 股份公司Group of enterprises 企業(yè)集團Conglomerate 企業(yè)集團，綜合性大企業(yè)Company limited by shares 股份有限責任公司Controlling company 控股公司Holding company 控股公司Bank holding company 銀行控股公司Company with limited liability 有限責任公司State-owned holding company 國家控股公司Publ

41、ic company 上市公司Private company 非上市公司Listed company 上市公司Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司Parent company 母公司Subsidiary company 子公司Group company 集團公司Large-scale industrial group 大型工業(yè)集團 International conglomerate 跨國企業(yè)集團International corporation 跨國公司Multinational corporation 跨國公司Multinational market group 跨

42、國市場集團Banking institution 金融機構Banking sector 銀行部門Intermediary bank 中介銀行Development bank 開發(fā)銀行Commercial bank 商業(yè)銀行Investment bank 投資銀行Credit bank 信貸銀行Cooperative bank 合作銀行Mortgage bank 抵押銀行Clearing bank 清算銀行Credit union 信用社Non-bank financial institution 非銀行金融機構Financing corporation 金融公司Securities compa

43、ny 證券公司 Underwriting company 擔保公司Loan and trust company 信托公司Insurance company 保險公司Life insurance company 人壽保險公司Utility company 公共事業(yè)公司MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并與收購Reorganization 重組Association 聯(lián)合Merger 兼并Acquisition 收購Joint stock partnership 股份合作Leasing 出租Contract operation 承包經營Auction 拍賣Develop trans-

44、regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 發(fā)展跨地區(qū)跨行業(yè)的企業(yè)集團Strategic acquisition 戰(zhàn)略性收購Combination of enterprise 企業(yè)合并Concentric acquisition 集中收購Conglomerate merger 集團企業(yè)合并Consolidation by lease 租賃式合并Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并Leveraged buy-out (LBOs) 杠桿收購Stock merger 股票兼并Vertical acquisition 縱向收購Ver

45、tical merger 縱向兼并Vertical consolidation 縱向合并Vertical integration 縱向合并Horizontal merger 橫向兼并Horizontal acquisition 橫向收購Horizontal combination 橫向合并，同行業(yè)合并 Horizontal integration 橫向聯(lián)合Acquisition cost 收購成本Acquiring enterprise 收購方企業(yè)Corporate reorganization 公司重組Bankruptcy Law 破產法Bankruptcy code chapter 7-

46、liquidation 破產法第七章 清算Bankruptcy code 11 - reorganization 破產法第十一章 重組Act of bankruptcy 破產法案Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法Bankruptcy court 破產法庭Bankruptcy debtor 破產債務人Bankruptcy notice 破產公告Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破產Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破產Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破產法庭內的協(xié)調Arrangement out of bankruptcy

47、court 不經破產法庭的協(xié)調Creditors equity 債權人權益Bankruptcy trustee 破產受托人Creditors meeting 債權人會議Creditor of bankruptcy 破產債權人MARKET AND COMPETITION 市場和竟爭Commodity market 商品市場Securities market 證券市場Bond market 債券市場Stock market 股票市場Futures market 期貨市場Options market 期權市場 Property rights market 產權市場Capital market 資本市

48、場Free market 自由市場Labour market 勞動力市場Flea market 跳蚤市場Bear market 股票市場的熊市Bull market 股票市場的牛市Market competition 市場竟爭Market development 市場開發(fā)Market forecast 市場預測Market potential 市場潛力Market risk 市場風險Market share 市場份額Sellers market 賣方市場Buyers market 買方市場Market abroad 海外市場Marketability 市場能力Marketable 銷路好的Ma

49、rketing channel 銷售渠道Marketing strategy 銷售戰(zhàn)略 Competition market 竟爭市場Perfect competition 完全竟爭Imperfect competition 不完全竟爭Low-level competition 低水平竟爭Monopolistic competition 壟斷竟爭Competitor 竟爭對手Natural monopoly 自然壟斷International monopoly 國際壟斷Market 市場bear market 股票市場的熊市bond market 證券市場bull market 股票市場的牛市

50、capital market 資本市場emerging market economic 新興市場經濟majority market economic 成熟市場經濟market abroad 海外市場market analysis 市場分析market approach to fair market value 求得公平市場價值的市場法market competition 市場竟爭market demand price 市場需求價格market development 市場開發(fā)market economy country 市場經濟國家market factor 市場因素market foreca

51、st 市場預測market index 市場指數market information 市場信息market investigation 市場調查market potential 市場潛力market quotation 市場行情market replacement cost 市場重置成本market research 市場調查，市場研究market risk 市場風險market share 市場份額，市場占有率market value method 市價法market-oriented 面向市場的market-to-cost method 市價成本法property right market

52、 產權市場sellers market 賣方市場social market economy 社會主義市場經濟stock market 股票市場Marketing 營銷，市場銷售marketing channel 銷售渠道，市場渠道m(xù)arketing cost 銷售成本marketing manager 市場銷售經理markrting strategy 市場經營戰(zhàn)略marketing system 市場體系relationship marketing 關系營銷Asset, Liability And Equity 資產,負債和權益Asset management 資產管理Tangible ass

53、ets 有形資產 Intangible assets 無形資產Physical assets 實物資產Fixed assets 固定資產Current assets 流動資產 Current asset losses in suspense 待處理流動資產損失Deferred assets 遞延資產Other assets 其它資產Total assets 總資產Net assets 凈資產Book value of the assets 資產的賬面值Non-ledger assets 帳外資產 Asset account 資產賬戶 Asset disposal 資產處置 Asset depr

54、eciation 資產折舊 Asset inventory shorts 資產盤虧 Asset inventory surplus 資產盤盈Asset retirement 資產報廢Asset revaluation 資產重估Capital assets 資本資產Monetary assets 金融資產Mortgage assets 抵押資產Long-term assets 長期資產 Liability 負債 Liability account 負債賬戶Direct liability 直接負債 Current liability 流動負債Liability out of book 賬外負債L

55、ong-term liability 長期負債Book debt 賬面負債Asset liability ratio 資產負債比Owners equity 所有者權益Equity account 權益賬戶Stockholders equity 股東權益Preferred stock equity 優(yōu)先股權益Cumulative preferred stock 積累優(yōu)先股Non-cumulative preferred stock 非積累優(yōu)先股Convertible preferred stock 可轉換優(yōu)先股Participating preferred stock 參加優(yōu)先股Non-Part

56、icipating preferred stock 非參加優(yōu)先股Callable preferred stock 可贖回優(yōu)先股Common stock equity 普通股權益Total equity 權益總額 企業(yè)評價指標Assets Liabilities Ratio 資產負債率Quick Ratio 速動比率Current Ratio 流動比率P/E ratio 市盈率Current Liabilities to Net Worth 流動負債比凈資產Total Liabilities to Net Worth 總負債比凈資產Fixed Assets to Net Worth 固定資產比凈資產 Inventory Turnover Ratio 存貨Assets to SalesSales to Net Working Capital 銷售收入比流動資金凈值Accounts Pa