完形填空整理

1、whatever完形填空題的創(chuàng)始人：完形填空題的創(chuàng)始人： 威爾遜威爾遜泰勒（泰勒（Wilson Taylor） 完形填空反復(fù)從兩種語言模式完形填空反復(fù)從兩種語言模式取樣：取樣： 一種是寫的人表達(dá)自己的思想的語言模一種是寫的人表達(dá)自己的思想的語言模式，式，另一種是反映讀的人根據(jù)自己的理另一種是反映讀的人根據(jù)自己的理解作出的解作出的猜測的語言模式。猜測的語言模式?！蔽覀兊腻e誤通常由我們的錯誤通常由“信息差信息差”造成！造成！我們的目標(biāo)就是：我們的目標(biāo)就是：縮小縮小“信息差信息差”！Bill Gates recently gave a speech at a high school and said

2、 he set up a world with no concept of reality for a generation of kids ,which is not a r_ world.realSample one(虛擬世界虛擬世界)Sample two(08北京) When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship The last hurdle(障礙障礙) was the final. No matter what 48 I got, it wouldnt cancel three C-pluses. I might as w

3、ell kiss the 49 goodbye 48. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment 49. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject48小題屬于后文提供信息；小題屬于后文提供信息；49小題屬于前文提供信息小題屬于前文提供信息Sample three (2008山東卷山東卷) . Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain .When I finally got to my office, I was 47 t

4、hrough, exhaust-ed and 48 . 47). A. wet B. weak C. sick D. hurt48). A. ashamed B. discouraged C. surprised D. puzzled 47 、48小題屬于前文提供信息；小題屬于前文提供信息；Sample four (2008天津卷天津卷) Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new 16 in high school. 17 ,

5、 high school was different.16. A. processes B. decisions C. challenges D. exercises17. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides（前文信息）（前文信息）（后文信息）（后文信息）Sample five (2008天津卷天津卷)On a warm Monday, Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees. Rolling down the windows to 41

6、in fresh air, she settled back to enjoy her lunch. 41. A. bringB. let C. gatherD. send （前文信息）（前文信息）1、完型填空題型特點(diǎn)：、完型填空題型特點(diǎn)：以以 為先導(dǎo)，為先導(dǎo)，以以 為基礎(chǔ)，為基礎(chǔ)，以以 為內(nèi)容，為內(nèi)容，測試考生測試考生 的的能力。能力。 閱讀閱讀上下文上下文詞法和句法詞法和句法解決連接語言信息中斷問題解決連接語言信息中斷問題考查重點(diǎn)考查重點(diǎn)語篇的理解語篇的理解邏輯推理能力邏輯推理能力背景背景常識常識詞匯詞匯語法語法綜合綜合運(yùn)用運(yùn)用語言語言能力能力設(shè)空分類設(shè)空分類前制性設(shè)空前制性設(shè)空后制性設(shè)空

7、后制性設(shè)空語篇綜語篇綜合設(shè)空合設(shè)空固定搭配設(shè)空固定搭配設(shè)空背景常識設(shè)空背景常識設(shè)空完形填空解題步驟完形填空解題步驟復(fù)核復(fù)核-全面檢查，確保語意連貫，用詞準(zhǔn)確。全面檢查，確保語意連貫，用詞準(zhǔn)確。一一. . 語境情景語境情景（包括上下文語境）（包括上下文語境）解題方法：解題方法：瞻前顧后，先易后難瞻前顧后，先易后難,上下連貫，合乎邏輯上下連貫，合乎邏輯1.Many old people dont have good _ .They cant watch TV, but they can listen to the music. A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D.

8、 time2. Many Africans are very _ and so they cant afford to eat much meat with their cereal. A healthy B. poor C. rich D .weak后文信息（語篇信息）語篇綜合信息Its all in a day s work for a war reporter , and it can be very 39 .In the first two years of the 40 in former Yugoslavia (前南斯拉夫前南斯拉夫), 28 reporters and photo

9、graphers were killed. Hundreds more were 41 . （06湖北高考卷）湖北高考卷）39. A. dangerous B. exciting C. normal D. disappointing40. A. stay B. fight C. war D. life41. A. injured B. buried C. defeated D. saved前文信息前文信息前文信息she was competing against very talented girls, and she knew it would be 18 for her to be sel

10、ected. Two hours later, the 19 read a list of the girls for a second tryout (2008年年天津卷天津卷)18. A. difficult B. easy C. boring D. interesting19. A. editor B. boss C. candidate D. judge(前文信息)(常識)I was a single parent of four small children, working at a low-paid job. Money was always tight, but we had

11、a 36 over our heads, food on the table , clothes on our backs ,and if not a lot, always 37 (2008年年遼寧卷遼寧卷) 36. A. roof B. hat C. sky D. star37. A. little B. less C. enough D. more2.注意句與句、段與段之間的注意句與句、段與段之間的 ，把握事，把握事件發(fā)生、發(fā)展的件發(fā)生、發(fā)展的 和和 。這類題主要。這類題主要考查考生對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解，如考查考生對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解，如 關(guān)關(guān)系、系、 關(guān)系、關(guān)系、 關(guān)關(guān)系、 關(guān)系、

12、關(guān)系、 關(guān)關(guān)系、以及系、以及 關(guān)系等。關(guān)系等。 把握好上下文是完型填空答題的關(guān)鍵把握好上下文是完型填空答題的關(guān)鍵1.充分利用文章的充分利用文章的 和和 ，找到對選擇，找到對選擇有有 的詞和句。的詞和句。上下文上下文前后句前后句提示作用提示作用起承轉(zhuǎn)合起承轉(zhuǎn)合順序順序內(nèi)在聯(lián)系內(nèi)在聯(lián)系平行平行轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折讓步讓步因果因果遞進(jìn)遞進(jìn)對比對比做完形填空題判斷的依據(jù)：做完形填空題判斷的依據(jù)：1.1.環(huán)境線索環(huán)境線索: n Im tired of sea food, so I didnt eat much Im tired of sea food, so I didnt eat much _that day._

13、that day.n A. vegetables B. flounder( A. vegetables B. flounder(比目魚比目魚) )2.2.因果線索因果線索: n He was badly ill, so he was_He was badly ill, so he was_n A. present B. absent A. present B. absent3.3.轉(zhuǎn)折線索轉(zhuǎn)折線索: n He was badly ill, however, he was_He was badly ill, however, he was_n A. present B. absent A. pr

14、esent B. absent4.4.讓步線索讓步線索: : nHe didnt_ the test, though he He didnt_ the test, though he worked hard.worked hard.n A. pass B. fail A. pass B. fail5 5. .循序線索循序線索: : n After he wrote the letter ,she _it and then _ it.n A. posted/signed B. signed/posted6 6. .用途線索用途線索: : n I like my _ , which gives m

15、e great help in the rain.n A. umbrella B. bile C. pot7 7. .反義詞線索反義詞線索: :n He used to be lazy. But now he is quite_.n A. hardworking B. handsome 8.8.同義詞線索同義詞線索: :n He made a lot of mistakes in the last, He made a lot of mistakes in the last, this time we can still find_athis time we can still find_a

16、few in his few in his paper. paper. nA. quite B. only A. quite B. only 9.9.比較線索比較線索: : nWe are shorter than he, so he is the We are shorter than he, so he is the _among us._among us.nA. tallest B. shortestA. tallest B. shortest10.10.一般個別線索一般個別線索: : n He is very clever , so he _get the He is very cle

17、ver , so he _get the answer.answer.nA. can B. cantA. can B. cant解題方法：解題方法：瞻前顧后，先易后難瞻前顧后，先易后難,上下連貫，合乎邏輯上下連貫，合乎邏輯二二. .文化背景及生活常識文化背景及生活常識1. It was an early morning in summer . In the street, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, going towards their _. A.factories B.markets C.work places D.offices2 Th

18、e plane took off higher and higher and it became _. A. big B.tiny C. strange D. long Exercise 2 （06 天津高考卷）天津高考卷） Having left the town, the girl stopped the car at the landing near the entrance of the bay( (海灣海灣).).She stepped into the 16 and rowed out silently .The lights of the town became 31 .16.

19、A. car B. boat C. ship D. sail31. A.brighter B.bigger C.closer D. smaller作者在創(chuàng)作時，總是假定自己的讀者作者在創(chuàng)作時，總是假定自己的讀者群，并認(rèn)為他們具有相關(guān)的知識來理群，并認(rèn)為他們具有相關(guān)的知識來理解他所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。因此，與閱讀解他所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。因此，與閱讀理解類似，讀者必須激活與話題或語理解類似，讀者必須激活與話題或語境相關(guān)的背景知識，才能與作者進(jìn)行境相關(guān)的背景知識，才能與作者進(jìn)行無聲的交流，從而達(dá)到理解無聲的交流，從而達(dá)到理解作者所寫作者所寫內(nèi)容的最終目的。內(nèi)容的最終目的。 所以我們應(yīng)當(dāng)了解英語國家的典型風(fēng)俗所以我們應(yīng)當(dāng)了解英語國家的典型風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣（如：圣誕節(jié)、復(fù)活節(jié)、萬圣節(jié)、感習(xí)慣（如：圣誕節(jié)、復(fù)活節(jié)、萬圣節(jié)、感恩節(jié)，基本性格特點(diǎn)：熱情、幽默、直率、恩節(jié)，基本性格特點(diǎn)：熱情、幽默、直率、敢于冒險、敢于標(biāo)新立異）敢于冒險、敢于標(biāo)新立異）; 通用手勢語通用手勢語的含義（如在大多數(shù)國家的含義（如在大多數(shù)國家,nod= yes）；心）；心理活動的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)等理活動的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)等如：07年全國2的完型填空語境是來自英國完型填空語境是來自英國的的“我我”在西班牙提車與首日開車的故事，在西班牙提車與首日開車的故事，突顯習(xí)慣的不同造成的不便?？忌鷳?yīng)激活突顯習(xí)慣的不同造成的不便?？忌鷳?yīng)激活的背景知識是：的背景知