上外11翻譯真題

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上II 2011翻譯題1 英翻中原來是Virginia Wolf 的散文，難怪翻得我那么痛苦The wit of Jane Austen has for partner the perfection of her taste. Her fool is a fool, her snob is a snob, because he departs from the model of sanity and sense which she has in mind, and conveys to us unmistakably even while she makes us la

2、ugh. Never did any novelist make more use of an impeccable sense of human values. It is against the disc of an unerring heart, an unfailing good taste, an almost stern morality, that she shows up those deviations from kindness, truth, and sincerity which are among the most delightful things in Engli

3、sh literature. She depicts a Mary Crawford in her mixture of good and bad entirely by this means. She lets her rattle on against the clergy, or in favour of a baronetage and ten thousand a year, with all the ease and spirit possible; but now and again she strikes one note of her own, very quietly, b

4、ut in perfect tune, and at once all Mary Crawfords chatter, though it continues to amuse, rings flat. Hence the depth, the beauty, the complexity of her scenes. From such contrasts there comes a beauty, a solemnity even, which are not only as remarkable as her wit, but an inseparable part of it. In

5、The Watsons she gives us a foretaste of this power; she makes us wonder why an ordinary act of kindness, as she describes it, becomes so full of meaning. In her masterpieces, the same gift is brought to perfection. Here is nothing out of the way; it is midday in Northamptonshire; a dull young man is

6、 talking to rather a weakly young woman on the stairs as they go up to dress for dinner, with housemaids passing. But, from triviality, from commonplace, their words become suddenly full of meaning, and the moment for both one of the most memorable in their lives. It fills itself; it shines; it glow

7、s; it hangs before us, deep, trembling, serene for a second; next, the housemaid passes, and this drop, in which all the happiness of life has collected, gently subsides again to become part of the ebb and flow of ordinary existence.      What more natural, then, with this i

8、nsight into their profundity, than that Jane Austen should have chosen to write of the trivialities of day-to-day existence, of parties, picnics, and country dances? No “suggestions to alter her style of writing” from the Prince Regent or Mr. Clarke could tempt her; no romance, no adventure, no poli

9、tics or intrigue could hold a candle to life on a country-house staircase as she saw it. Indeed, the Prince Regent and his librarian had run their heads against a very formidable obstacle; they were trying to tamper with an incorruptible conscience, to disturb an infallible discretion. The child who

10、 formed her sentences so finely when she was fifteen never ceased to form them, and never wrote for the Prince Regent or his Librarian, but for the world at large. She knew exactly what her powers were, and what material they were fitted to deal with as material should be dealt with by a writer whos

11、e standard of finality was high簡·奧斯丁的才智還以成熟的鑒賞力為它的親密伙伴。在她筆下，蠢人之所以為蠢人，勢利小人之所以為勢利小人，是因?yàn)樗x了她心目中的精神健全和神智正常的規(guī)范這一點(diǎn)，在她使我們發(fā)笑的同時(shí)，也明白無誤地傳達(dá)給我們了。哪一位小說家都沒有像她這樣充分利用了自己對于人的不同流品的明細(xì)的感覺。以自己準(zhǔn)確無誤的心靈、萬無一失的鑒賞力、嚴(yán)峻的道德概念為鑒別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，她揭發(fā)出那些背離了仁慈、誠實(shí)、真摯這些英國文學(xué)中令人喜愛的主題的種種偏向。她刻畫瑪利·克勞福曼斯菲爾公園中的一個(gè)世俗的年輕婦女。那種善惡交錯(cuò)的性格時(shí)，所使用的就完全是這種方法。

12、簡·奧斯丁讓她喋喋不體地說她反對當(dāng)教士、贊成做一個(gè)從男爵并且擁有每年一百鎊的收入，談得滔滔不絕、興致勃勃；但是，作者有時(shí)自己插一句話，話說得十分平靜而又非常諧調(diào)，于是，瑪利·克勞福的嘮嘮叨叨，盡管依然使我們覺得可笑，卻一下予變得索然無味了。正是為此，她筆下的種種場面才具有深度、美感和復(fù)雜性。通過諸如此類的對比，產(chǎn)生了某種美、甚至莊嚴(yán)這不僅像她的才智一樣值得注意，而且它也就是她那才智中的不可分割的一部分。在沃特森一家中，作者讓我們對她這種才能預(yù)先有所體會，這使我們感到詫異：像她描寫的那么一件平平常常的友愛行動，為什么會那樣意味深長?在她那些傳世杰作之中，這一種天才磨煉到了爐火

13、純青的地步。作品里并不存在什么不尋常的事件，不過是在諾桑普頓郡英國英格蘭郡名，在倫敦之北。，某一個(gè)中午，一個(gè)呆頭呆腦的小伙子站在樓梯上，向一個(gè)樣子柔弱的姑娘談著話他們正要上樓去換上赴宴穿的衣服，使女們從他們身邊走過。這一切都是平凡而又瑣屑。但是，他們說的話突然變得大有含意，而這次談話也就成為他們一生中最值得紀(jì)念的時(shí)刻。這個(gè)場面一下子具有了實(shí)在的內(nèi)容，它發(fā)出光亮，在我們眼前飄動，頃刻之間變得意味深長，顫動著，又平靜下來；接著，使女來了，于是，全部人生幸福凝聚于此的這一滴水珠，便悄悄沉入生活的海洋，化為平凡的人生潮汐中的一部分了。簡·奧斯丁既具有這種洞察人物內(nèi)心奧秘的眼光，那么，她選定了

14、日常生活中的平凡瑣事，諸如社交宴集、郊游野餐、鄉(xiāng)村舞會之類，作為她的寫作內(nèi)容，豈不是很自然的事嗎?攝政王或者克拉克先生“有意請她改變自己的寫作路子”的建議引不起她的興趣（此處的攝政王指喬治四世，英王喬治三世之子，因其父有精神病，于一八一年為攝政王。他喜讀奧斯丁的小說，曾指使其圖書管理員克拉克寫信給奧斯丁，示意她寫作歌頌王室的歷史小說，為奧斯丁拒絕）；什么浪漫傳奇、冒險(xiǎn)故事、政界動態(tài)、男女偷情等等，根本不能和她親眼所見的鄉(xiāng)間別墅里樓梯間的生活相比。確實(shí)，攝政王和他的圖書管理員碰了一個(gè)大釘子；他們竟然企圖支配一顆不受腐蝕的良心，攪亂作家那絕對可靠的判斷力。這位作家，當(dāng)她還是十五歲小姑娘的時(shí)候，就寫

15、出了她那些細(xì)膩優(yōu)美的文章，而且一生從未停止過寫這樣的文章；她從來不為什么攝政王和他的圖書管理員寫作，只為廣大世人寫作。她完全明白自己的能力所在，明白自己作為一個(gè)對于自己的作品持有高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的作家，適合于處理什么樣的題材。2 中翻英居然是第三冊的，我很無語，我反復(fù)看了第二冊，第一冊只看了幾篇，居然就給考了。第三冊完全忽略了。我曾見過一些人，聰明用功，數(shù)理科成績優(yōu)異，而語文程度不足以達(dá)意，甚至寫一封信亦難得通順，問其故則曰其興趣不在語文方面。又有一些人，執(zhí)筆為文，斐然可誦，而視數(shù)理科目如仇人，勉強(qiáng)才能及格，問其故則曰其興趣不在數(shù)理方面。而且他們覺得某些科目沒有趣味，便撇在一邊視如敝屣，怡然自得，振振有

16、詞，略無愧色，好像這就是發(fā)揚(yáng)趣味主義。殊不知天底下沒有沒有趣味的學(xué)問，就看我們?nèi)绾瓮诰蚱淙の?，如果在良師指?dǎo)之下按部就班地循序漸進(jìn)，一步一步地發(fā)現(xiàn)新天地，當(dāng)然樂在其中。如果淺嘗輒止，當(dāng)然味同嚼蠟，自討沒趣。其實(shí)，在初學(xué)的階段，由小學(xué)至大學(xué)，我們與其倡言趣味，不如偏重紀(jì)律。一個(gè)合理編列的課程，猶如一個(gè)營養(yǎng)均衡的食譜，里面的各個(gè)項(xiàng)目都是有益必需的，不可偏廢，不可再有選擇。所謂選修科目也只是在某一項(xiàng)目內(nèi)略有揀選余地而已。一個(gè)受過良好教育的人，猶如一個(gè)科班出身的戲劇演員，在坐科的時(shí)候他是要服從嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律的，唱工作工武把子都要認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，各種角色的戲都要完全熟悉。學(xué)成之后才能各按其趣味而單獨(dú)發(fā)展其所長。學(xué)

17、問要有根底，根底要打得平正堅(jiān)實(shí)，以后永遠(yuǎn)受用。初學(xué)階段的科目之最重要的莫過于語文與數(shù)學(xué)。語文是閱讀達(dá)意的工具，國文不通便很難表達(dá)自己，外國文不通便很難吸取外來的新知；數(shù)學(xué)是思維條理之最好的訓(xùn)練。其他科目也各有各的用處，其重要性很難強(qiáng)分軒輊，例如體育，從另一方面看也是重要得無以復(fù)加?？傊?，我們在求學(xué)時(shí)代，應(yīng)該暫且把趣味放在一邊，耐著性子接受教育的紀(jì)律，把自己鍛煉成為堅(jiān)實(shí)的材料。學(xué)問的趣味，留在將來慢慢享受一點(diǎn)也不遲。I have come across a great many bright and diligent young friends who have done exceedingly

18、 well in their studies, but are rather weak in Chinese. They cannot even write a letter in correct Chinese. When I asked them why, they said they were not interested in the Chinese language. Some, though they can write beautifully, detest the study of mathematics and physics, and barely managed to p

19、ass the examinations in them. When I asked them why, they said they were not interested in them. They cast away whatever subjects they dislike like something utterly worthless. They are so smug and thick-skinned that they speak volubly in defence of their own attitude like champions of interest-ism.

20、 They hardly realize that there is no learning but is capable of engendering interest and that all depends on how to search for it. You will develop a liking for learning if, under the guidance of a good teacher, you study to discover new horizons opening up before you one after another by following

21、 the proper order and advancing step by step. On the other hand, you will find learning as dry as sawdust and feel frustrated if you refuse to go into a subject in depth or even make impetuous advances without following the proper order. Primary and secondary school will impart to you only some rudi

22、ments of knowledge. Even what you learn during the four years of university will be something quite superficial too. A university has often been misleadingly referred to as “the highest seat of learning”, which sounds as if there were no more learning to speak of beyond it. The research institute of

23、 a university, however, is the place for preliminary scholarship. But even there you get only the first taste of learning and the emphasis is on research methodology and practice. Art is long, life is short. That is why some of our ancients continued to study even when they were hoaryheaded. They we

24、re, of course, motivated by an enormous interest in their studies. During the preliminary stage of learning, from primary school to college, it is better to advocate discipline than interest. A properly arranged school curriculum, like a cookbook on nutritionally well-balanced food, must include all

25、 useful and indispensable courses courses which are equally important and obligatory. The so-called electives mean only some little option within the scope of a certain item. A well-educated person is like a professionally trained Peking opera singer. While undergoing the training, he must observe a

26、 most exact discipline. He must pay equal attention to singing, acting and acrobatic skills, and learn to play different roles. It is not until he has finished the all-round training that he begins to develop his own speciality according to his personal disposition. Laying a solid foundation for lea

27、rning will be of great lifelong benefit to you.(上外2010年中翻英）練筆2011-10-16 16:23:22 這是一個(gè)人類發(fā)展史上不斷重復(fù)的故事，古老而常新，平凡而驚心動魄：一群赤手空拳的男女老少，背井離鄉(xiāng)來到一片原始的荒野，篳路藍(lán)縷，創(chuàng)業(yè)維艱。有的人壯 志未酬，中途倒下；有的人知難而退。勝利終于屬于那些堅(jiān)韌不拔，信心、毅力和智慧都超群的人。于是那野性的大自然的烈馬般的反抗被馴服了，昔日荒山野嶺變 成千里沃野。人終于用雙手建立起美好的家園和豐衣足食的生活，人也從這求生存的搏斗中得到自我完成。This is a story unfolding

28、constantly in mans history of development, seemingly old and common but actually new and soul-stirring: a number of people, men and women, old and young, left their homeland behind and eventually set foot on a virgin land of wildness. Starting from scratch and dressed in rags, they made strenuous ef

29、forts in cultivating their new fields and began their new life. Some struggled but fell half way, thus failing to fulfill their great ambitions; Some reconciled themselves to difficulties on the way. Triumph finds its way to those with perseverance, having firm most faith in themselves, most strong-

30、willed and intelligent. Therefore, the futile mountainous wild land was turned into vast stretches of fertile fields, and the primitive nature, once resembling a vicious horse, was tamed. Thereupon, men established the beautiful homeland with their own hands and lived a well-off life. During the sur

31、vival battle against nature, men felt content about themselves.可以從各種不同的角度來談啊，拓荒者?。豪纾瑥闹辛私饷绹?疆開拓史；研究美國在本世紀(jì)初資本主義發(fā)展中田園詩般的人際關(guān)系的解體；鄰里、家庭、兩性關(guān)系的嬗變；還有宗教在那一代人的生活中所占的地位和作用，等 等。但是作為傳世的文學(xué)作品，這本小書的獨(dú)特的魅力，在于它處處洋溢著一種純樸、含蓄而動人心弦的美。這種美來自對土地的深沉的愛?？梢哉f從扉頁題詞到最 后一行字，都溶進(jìn)了作者心靈深處與土地相關(guān)連的那種熾熱的激情、執(zhí)著的追求、刻骨銘心的依戀、希望與失望、痛苦與歡樂、美好的向往、

32、無私的奉獻(xiàn)這一切 織成了一部交響詩。的確，這是一本可以當(dāng)作詩來讀的小說。Various perspectives can be adopted to elaborate The Wild Land as follows: we can probe into the American history of developing the west; we can study the collapse of idyllic social connection amidst the capitalist development in the early 20th century; we can att

33、empt to discover the changes among neighbors, within a family or in relationship between men and women; we can also analyze the position and role of religion in shaping that generations life. With its unique charm and overflowing with simple, subtle and touching beauty, this is a novel handed down f

34、rom one age to next. That special beauty originates in his profound love for this land. Words, ranging from inscription on the cover to the last sentence in this novel, are deeply mixed with his intense enthusiasm with that field, the persistent pursuit, the attachment imprinted in his heart, hope and despair, depression and delight, the beautiful perspective into the future, the selfless dedication weaving into symphony made by poems. Indeed, this nove