選修7unit3Languagepoints

1、 Language points Unit 3 Under the seaIt was a time when It was a time when the killer whales, or “ killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 那個(gè)時(shí)候，虎鯨，當(dāng)時(shí)被稱為“殺手”， 幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙的時(shí)候捕捉須鯨。 It was a time when 曾經(jīng)一度，那時(shí) 那時(shí)穿迷你裙的女性是很少的。 It w

2、as a time when women dressing in mini-skirt was rare.曾經(jīng)一度他想放棄夢(mèng)想回到老家。It was a time when he wanted to give up his dream and returned hometown. (2014 江西) It was in the middle of the night _ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.A. thatB. asC. whichD. when that拓展1. It is/has been +

3、 時(shí)間段+ since “自從已經(jīng)有多長時(shí)間” It is/ has been ten years since we last met. 主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句一般過去時(shí)。It is/ has been ten years since I left the army.It is/ has been ten years since I was a soldier.我退伍已經(jīng)十年啦。since 后的動(dòng)詞若為延續(xù)性，則表否定。 若為短暫性，則為肯定。2. It will/ would be + 時(shí)間段+ before “要過多久才” It will/would not be + 時(shí)間段+

4、before “過不了多久就” My father went to Guangzhou last year and it was not long before he found a job. It will be 50 years before you could witness this shooting star again.1. As you write in the story, it has been 20 years _ I last saw you.2. “Youth” is regarded as a time _ fun, passion, and imagination

5、seem limitless.3. It was a time _she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.4. It was in the afternoon _ the terrible accident happened. sincewhenwhen that adj. 每年的每年的; 按年度計(jì)算的按年度計(jì)算的 n. 年刊年刊; 年鑒年鑒Im playing in the annual school concert next Friday. 下周五我將在學(xué)校一年一度下周五我將在學(xué)校一年一度的音樂會(huì)上演出。的音樂會(huì)上演出。

6、He has six weeks annual leave. 他一年有六個(gè)星期的休假。他一年有六個(gè)星期的休假。Birthday is an annual event. 生日是一年一次的事。生日是一年一次的事。annual 將下列句子翻譯成英語。將下列句子翻譯成英語。1). 開學(xué)典禮是一年一度的大事。開學(xué)典禮是一年一度的大事。2). 懷特先生的年薪是兩萬美元。懷特先生的年薪是兩萬美元。3). 由于改革開放，在過去的三十年間，中國由于改革開放，在過去的三十年間，中國老百姓的年收入有了大幅度的增長。老百姓的年收入有了大幅度的增長。The opening ceremony of a new schoo

7、lyear is an annual event.Mr. Whites annual salary is 20,000 dollars.Thanks to the reform and opening policy in China, the annual income of normal people has been greatly increased for the past thirty years. 2. I thought , at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own ey

8、es many times. 我當(dāng)時(shí)以為只是一個(gè)故事，但是后來我我當(dāng)時(shí)以為只是一個(gè)故事，但是后來我親眼見了很多次。親眼見了很多次。 at the time “那時(shí)候那時(shí)候”，位置應(yīng)在，位置應(yīng)在story之后，之后，作時(shí)間狀語，作時(shí)間狀語， 提前是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，提前是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，that this was just a story作作thought的賓語。的賓語。witnessvt. 當(dāng)場見到當(dāng)場見到; 目擊目擊; 見證見證She was shocked by the violent scenes she had witnessed.她被親眼目睹的暴虐場面驚呆了。她被親眼目睹的暴虐場面驚呆了。Rece

9、nt years have witnessed a growing social mobility. 近年來人們的社會(huì)流動(dòng)性越來越大。近年來人們的社會(huì)流動(dòng)性越來越大。n. 目擊者目擊者; 證人證人; 證據(jù)證據(jù)be (a) witness to / of sth.(是是的目擊者的目擊者) She is (a) witness of the accident. 她是這起事故的目擊者。她是這起事故的目擊者。He has been (a) witness to a terrible murder. 他目擊了一起殘忍的兇殺事件。他目擊了一起殘忍的兇殺事件。Police have appealed for

10、 witnesses to the accident. 警方呼吁這起事故的目擊者出來作證。警方呼吁這起事故的目擊者出來作證?？湛盏腻X包是他貧窮的證明?？湛盏腻X包是他貧窮的證明。The empty wallet is a witness of his poverty.1. With economy developing at a great speed, our city _ (witness) quite a few changes in recent years.2. When he was working there as a journalist, he _ the suffering

11、of the poor in that area with his own eyes.3. 作為一名生于20世紀(jì)初期的老人，他見證了中國的獨(dú)立和崛起。 As an old man born in the beginning of the 20st century, he witness the independence and rising of China. 3. On the afternoon I arrived at the station, as I was sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from

12、the bay. 在我到達(dá)捕鯨場的那個(gè)下午在我到達(dá)捕鯨場的那個(gè)下午, 正當(dāng)正當(dāng)我準(zhǔn)備膳宿時(shí)我準(zhǔn)備膳宿時(shí), 我聽到一聲巨響從海我聽到一聲巨響從海灣傳來。灣傳來。accommodation1) rooms, esp, for living in 房間，住所房間，住所2) lodgings, rooms and food 膳宿（常用復(fù)數(shù)）膳宿（常用復(fù)數(shù)）accommodate v. accommodating adj. accommodator n. 適應(yīng)，調(diào)節(jié)適應(yīng)，調(diào)節(jié)親切的，易打交道的親切的，易打交道的調(diào)節(jié)者調(diào)節(jié)者1. make accommodation for 為提供食宿2. arrange

13、 sbs accommodation 給某人安排住處如果你來到我家， 我會(huì)安排你晚上的住宿。 If you come to my house, I will arrange your accommodation for the night. The high cost of _makes life difficult for students in London. The new apartment built a few months ago is large enough to _ over two hundred people.accommodationaccommodate 4. We

14、 ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. 我們及時(shí)趕到岸邊我們及時(shí)趕到岸邊, 看到對(duì)面一個(gè)看到對(duì)面一個(gè)龐大的動(dòng)物猛力躍出水面龐大的動(dòng)物猛力躍出水面, 然后又墜然后又墜落到水面。落到水面。 1. prep. 在在對(duì)面。對(duì)面。He sat opposite to Marion during the discussion.討論的時(shí)候，他坐在瑪麗安的對(duì)面。討論的時(shí)候，他坐在瑪麗安的對(duì)

15、面。2. adj. 相對(duì)的；相反的相對(duì)的；相反的on the opposite side of the street 在街的對(duì)面在街的對(duì)面driving in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向行駛朝相反的方向行駛n. oppositionin office/ power 當(dāng)權(quán)in opposition 在野in opposition to 反對(duì)be opposite to 在的對(duì)立面如果你有任何反對(duì)意見，請(qǐng)告訴我們。If you have any opposite idea, please tell us.志愿者們舉行集會(huì)活動(dòng)反對(duì)浪費(fèi)資源。 The volunteer

16、s hold a party in opposition to wasting resource. 在我們學(xué)校對(duì)面有一個(gè)書店。Opposite our school is a bookstore.與與throw相關(guān)的短語：相關(guān)的短語： throw cold water on 潑冷水潑冷水 throw off 拋棄，擺脫拋棄，擺脫 throw over 回棋，變換回棋，變換 throw away 浪費(fèi)，拒絕浪費(fèi)，拒絕 throw down 打倒，推翻打倒，推翻 throw up 嘔吐嘔吐throw off , throw out , throw away, throw down, throw u

17、p 1) The little girl _ her hands to hug her mother .2) Tom cant _his cold .3) He drank a lot , and he _ on his way home .4) As a young man , he _ much money .5) He _ the young man and ran away.threw out throw off threw up threw awaythrew down 與與out of 相關(guān)的短語：相關(guān)的短語： out of breath 上氣不接下氣上氣不接下氣 out of d

18、ate 過時(shí)的過時(shí)的 out of control 失控失控 out of question 可能的可能的 out of the question 不可能的不可能的 out of repair 失修失修 5. Another whaler yelled out,.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt. 這是宣告獵鯨行動(dòng)即將開始的呼聲。這是宣告獵鯨行動(dòng)即將開始的呼聲。 yell v.& n. 1)叫喊叫喊 2) 叫聲叫聲, 喊聲喊聲 She yelled with surprise when

19、 she saw the president.The crowd let out a yell of delight when they saw the hero returned safely.be going to/be to do/be about to be going to 表示打算或計(jì)劃做某事或根據(jù)某表示打算或計(jì)劃做某事或根據(jù)某種跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事。種跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事。 be to do表示預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定。表示預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定。 be about to表示即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。表示即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?！罢?，正要， 即將即將” ?？纱钆涑？纱钆鋡hen引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從

20、句表引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句表示即將要干某事突然示即將要干某事突然.Exemple: I was just about _ road _ a ship came to us. A. traveling on; while B. to travel on; while C. traveling by; when D. to travel by; when D Dont go out now, we _ have supper. The wind went down toward sunset. It _ be fine tomorrow. The Queen _ visit Beijing next

21、year. His sister is 13 years old, and she _ be 14 years old next year.are about tois going to is to will 6. “Come on, Clancy. To the boat”, George said as he ran ahead of me.1) 表示勸說，不耐煩，催促表示勸說，不耐煩，催促 Come on, well be late for concert.2) 開始開始 The rain has just come e on與與come相關(guān)的短語：相關(guān)的短語：come about 發(fā)生

22、發(fā)生come across 偶然遇見偶然遇見come forth 出來出來, 涌現(xiàn)涌現(xiàn)come out 出版出版, (花花)開開come through (電話電話)接通接通come up 走近走近, 上升上升come to 總計(jì)總計(jì)come up with 趕上趕上, 補(bǔ)充補(bǔ)充come about , come through, come out , comeup, come to , come across1)The cost of the journey _ 3000 yuan.2)How did the accident _ ?3) When will the book _ ?4) I

23、 _ my teacher in the street yesterday .5) The seeds havent _ yet .6)The old man _ the World War I.comes to come aboutcome outcame across come upcame throughahead adv. 向前向前, 在前在前;處于處于領(lǐng)先地位領(lǐng)先地位The way ahead was blocked by fallen trees. 前面的公路被拿下的樹擋住了。前面的公路被拿下的樹擋住了。【拓展延伸】【拓展延伸】ahead of 在在的前面的前面, 優(yōu)于優(yōu)于be a

24、head of 比比好好get ahead 搶先搶先 go ahead 上前，前進(jìn)上前，前進(jìn) He ran ahead.他跑在前頭。他跑在前頭?！镜湫屠}】【典型例題】They are required to finish their task_.A. go ahead B. ahead of time C. get ahead of time D. in front of time【答案】【答案】B 考查考查ahead短語短語【點(diǎn)撥】按照句意：要求他們提前完成【點(diǎn)撥】按照句意：要求他們提前完成任務(wù)。任務(wù)。ahead of time符合符合7. . George didnt like bein

25、g kept waiting, so even though I didnt have the right clothes on, I raced after him. 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) being kept waiting是動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式短語的被動(dòng)式短語的被動(dòng)式, 在句中作在句中作like的賓語。的賓語。考例考例 At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. (2007全國卷全國卷II) A. opened and closed B. to be opened a

26、nd closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close 8. I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat, showing us the way. 我低頭朝水中看去，看到老湯姆正在船我低頭朝水中看去，看到老湯姆正在船邊游著，為我們引路。邊游著，為我們引路。 swimming by the boat 在句中作賓語在句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語，與賓語補(bǔ)足語，與賓語Old Tom 存在邏輯上的存在邏輯上的主謂頭系。主謂頭系。 I saw Jack cr

27、ossing the street. 我看見杰克正在穿過街道。我看見杰克正在穿過街道。 9. A few minutes later, there was no Tom, so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom, circling back to the boat, leading us to the hunt again. 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 此句也是由此句也是由“主語主語+ so引導(dǎo)的結(jié)引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句果狀語從句”構(gòu)成的主從復(fù)合句構(gòu)成的主從復(fù)合句, 且這個(gè)且這個(gè)從句是由從句是由and連接的兩個(gè)并列分句構(gòu)成

28、連接的兩個(gè)并列分句構(gòu)成; 第第二個(gè)分句中的二個(gè)分句中的circling . 和和leading .為動(dòng)為動(dòng)詞詞-ing形式短語作第二個(gè)分句的伴隨狀語。形式短語作第二個(gè)分句的伴隨狀語。10. And those others are stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea,flee (fled, fled) vi. 逃走逃走, 逃跑逃跑, 消失消失, (時(shí)間時(shí)間等的等的) 飛逝飛逝派生詞派生詞 flight n.逃走；逃跑逃走；逃跑【常用搭配】【常用搭配】flee from 從從逃走逃走flee to 逃到逃到flee away/past (時(shí)間等時(shí)間等

29、)飛逝，消失飛逝，消失練習(xí)練習(xí)( ) 1. Luckily, the cat _ being caught. A. escaped B. tried C. overcame D. managed( ) 2. Aware of being surrounded, the enemy _ in disorder.A. cried B. fled C. fought D. walkedAB12. bring in “收收(莊稼莊稼);引進(jìn)引進(jìn);掙得掙得(錢錢)” He brings in a wage of 1000 yuan a month. 我們國家引進(jìn)許多先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)我們國家引進(jìn)許多先進(jìn)的科

30、學(xué)技術(shù). Our country has brought in a lot of advanced technology . bring out bring up bring about 使使(意義等意義等)明白表示出來明白表示出來,生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)吐出吐出(vt); 撫養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng),養(yǎng)育養(yǎng)育帶來帶來,造成造成bring in , bring out , bring up ,bring about 1) What _ his illness ?2) Please _ the meaning of the passage .3) Henry _ by his uncle .4) When he was you

31、ng , he began to sell goods, which made him _ a lot of money .brought about bring out was brought up bring in 根據(jù)語義找匹配 驅(qū)使；迫使;敦促；勸說1、urge vt.urge sth. / sb. on催促某物 / 某人前進(jìn)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事urge sb. into doing sth. 催促某人做某事短語urgent adj. 緊急的；迫切的；非常重要的in urgent need of 急需 urgency n. 緊急；迫切鏈接1、urge

32、vt. urge that極力主張，強(qiáng)調(diào)，從句謂語形式為(should)動(dòng)詞原形 It is urged that堅(jiān)決要求，從句謂語形式為(should)動(dòng)詞原形句型 單項(xiàng)填空 ()(1)The doctor _ an Xray test, and then, he could make a conclusion. A. urged me to have B. urged me havingC. urged against D. urged on me ()(2)We must urge that representatives _ from various factories. A. wou

33、ld be elected B. be electedC. should elect D. would elect1、urge vt.2、abandon vt.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1)The man shamelessly abandoned his wife and child for another woman. (2)Fearing further attacks, most of the population had abandoned their city. (3)The game had to be abandoned due to the bad weather. (4)She ab

34、andoned herself to despair. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 離棄；逃離(某地方或交通工具)B. 拋棄；遺棄(某人)C. 放棄；中止D. 沉湎于；放縱；陷入 (1)B(2)A (3)C(4)D2、abandon vt.abandon ones post放棄職位abandon the plan放棄計(jì)劃abandon a ship棄船 abandon ones wife拋棄妻子abandon oneself to縱情；沉溺于with abandon放縱地，放任地短語2、abandon vt. abandoned adj. 廢棄的；被遺棄的；無約束的；放蕩的鏈接 abandon /

35、desert / quit / cancel abandon與desert都可指拋棄、遺棄某人，但desert常指逃避義務(wù)或違背誓約等，有責(zé)難之意。 quit指停止或放棄信仰、行動(dòng)、工作等，如quit smoking停止吸煙；quit the job辭職。 cancel指取消原定的計(jì)劃或安排。 辨析2、abandon vt. 單項(xiàng)填空 ()The plan was _ when it was discovered just how much the scheme would cost. A. released B. desertedC. resigned D. abandoned2、aband

36、on vt. 這是一個(gè)這是一個(gè)it作形式主語的句子，真作形式主語的句子，真正的主語是不定式正的主語是不定式to handle the boat。在用不定式、動(dòng)名詞從句作主語的句在用不定式、動(dòng)名詞從句作主語的句子里，通常用子里，通常用it作形式主語，而把真正作形式主語，而把真正的主語后置以避免頭重腳輕。這樣的的主語后置以避免頭重腳輕。這樣的句式通常有：句式通常有：13. it was difficult to handle the boat. 劃船很困難。劃船很困難。It（形式主語）（形式主語）+v. It is + adj. to + v.that（主語）（主語）+ v.wh- 等詞（主語）等

37、詞（主語）+ v.ofsb. to do sth.for seems (好像好像)It + appears (看上去看上去) + that (主語主語+v.) happens (碰巧碰巧)It is no use v.ing 做做沒有用沒有用It is said (reported) that 據(jù)說，據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)說，據(jù)報(bào)道It is believed that 人們相信人們相信It is thought that 人們認(rèn)為人們認(rèn)為It has been proved that 事實(shí)證明事實(shí)證明It is well-known that 眾所周知眾所周知14. abandon【基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)】【基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)】

38、 vt. 離開而不返回離開而不返回, 遺遺棄，拋棄，放棄棄，拋棄，放棄The match was abandoned because of bad weather. 比賽因惡劣的天氣而取消。比賽因惡劣的天氣而取消?！就卣寡由臁俊就卣寡由臁縜bandon oneself 完全屈從于完全屈從于abandonment n. 遺棄遺棄, 離棄離棄, 拋棄，拋棄，abandon n.放肆，任性放肆，任性abandoner n.放棄者，遺棄者，投保者放棄者，遺棄者，投保者abandonee n.承保人，被遺棄者承保人，被遺棄者abandoned adj.被遺棄的被遺棄的,自暴自棄的自暴自棄的,無無恥的恥的

39、abandonment n. 放棄放棄, 放肆放肆【點(diǎn)撥】辨析【點(diǎn)撥】辨析abandon, desert, give upabandon 強(qiáng)調(diào)永遠(yuǎn)或完全放棄人或事物強(qiáng)調(diào)永遠(yuǎn)或完全放棄人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的；等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的；desert 著重指違背法律責(zé)任和義務(wù)或著重指違背法律責(zé)任和義務(wù)或自己的信仰與誓言的行為，多含非難的自己的信仰與誓言的行為，多含非難的意味；意味；give up 普通用語，側(cè)重指沒有希望，普通用語，側(cè)重指沒有希望，或因?yàn)橥饨鐗毫Χ艞壔蛞驗(yàn)橥饨鐗毫Χ艞塈ts foolish of him to give up without trying

40、.【典型例題】【典型例題】As time goes on, fewer and fewer old men are _ in the countryside.A. abandon B. to abandon C. abandoning D. being abandoned【答案】【答案】D 考查考查abandon的用法的用法【點(diǎn)撥】此處老人和遺棄的關(guān)系為被動(dòng)【點(diǎn)撥】此處老人和遺棄的關(guān)系為被動(dòng) 15. It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James, and when we approached him, I saw James b

41、eing firmly held up in the water by Old Tom. 翻譯翻譯 我們花了半個(gè)小時(shí)才把船調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)過我們花了半個(gè)小時(shí)才把船調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)過來來, 回到詹姆斯落水的地方。當(dāng)我們靠回到詹姆斯落水的地方。當(dāng)我們靠近他的時(shí)候近他的時(shí)候, 我看到老湯姆正在水中托我看到老湯姆正在水中托著詹姆斯。著詹姆斯。點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 該句是由該句是由and連接的兩個(gè)并列分句連接的兩個(gè)并列分句構(gòu)成。第一個(gè)分句包含一個(gè)構(gòu)成。第一個(gè)分句包含一個(gè)“It takes / took (sb.) + 一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間 + to do sth.”句型；句型；第二個(gè)分句包含一個(gè)第二個(gè)分句包含一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

42、狀語從句，主句中的語從句，主句中的being held up為動(dòng)詞為動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)式，和形式的被動(dòng)式，和James一起構(gòu)成一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。復(fù)合賓語。I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示或漢語提示, 寫出各單詞的正確形式。寫出各單詞的正確形式。1. The past few years have w_ great changes throughout China.2. Travel and hotel a_ will be very expensive in this city during the Olympic Games.itnes

43、sedccommodations 3. The children found many beautiful shells on the _ (岸岸) while their parents were swimming.4. With so much noise going on she had to y_ to be heard.5. Hearing the gun, the enemies were horror-struck and f_ in all directions.shoreellled 6. The poor workers_ (拖拖) the heavy stones in

44、teams with ropes over their shoulders.7. Together they dive into the _ (深深處處) of the sea to search for some rare creatures and treasures.draggeddepths8. The businessman a_ his wife and went away with all their money.9. He has a very good r_ with his elder sister.10. A p_ of angry shoppers demanded t

45、heir money back.bandonedelationshipack1. The police chief spoke of his determination to catch the _ (kill).2. No one can tell the _ (deep) of the parents love for their children.3. It is reported that the old scientist will eventually return 35 years after _ (flee) the country.II. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。killerfleeingdepth4. As we all know, _ (distant) is measured in miles, not in kilometers in England. 5. Hotel _ (accommodate) is included in the price of your journey