學(xué)位英語復(fù)習(xí)

1、短語above all 首先;尤其是;最重要的是【例句】He is strong, brave and, above all, honest.他強(qiáng)壯，勇敢，最重要的是他誠實。【總結(jié)】above all表示某因素是最重要的，地位上是超越其他因素的。這些因素比較的性質(zhì)更強(qiáng)一點。accept as 承認(rèn)，接受為【例句】The astronaut accepts danger as being part of the job.宇航員承認(rèn)他們的工作中包含著危險?！究偨Y(jié)】此短語中的as是介詞，后跟名詞，代詞等。act as擔(dān)任，充當(dāng)【例句】Maybe I can act as a messenger fo

2、r you. 也許我能給你當(dāng)信差。起作用【例句】The forest will act as a defense against desert dust. 森林能起防御沙漠灰沙的作用?！究偨Y(jié)】此短語中的as是連詞，引導(dǎo)一個省略了謂語的狀語從句。【詞語辨析】act as和act like區(qū)別act as：意思是“充當(dāng)”、“擔(dān)任”，相當(dāng)于serve as，可與人或物詞如：doctor、director、interpreter、guide、coach、teacher、go-between、furniture、tools等字搭配使用。as是連詞，引導(dǎo)一個省略了謂語的狀語從句。e.g.This coin

3、 may act as a screwdriver. 這枚硬幣可以充當(dāng)螺絲起子用。act like：意思是“行為像”、“舉動像”，相當(dāng)于英語的to act in the manner of，它常與人或動物名詞連用。like是介詞，其后接賓語。e.g.That child acts like a grown-up. 那個孩子的舉動像成年人一樣。according as 根據(jù)，隨而定【例句】Everyone contributes according as he is able. 每個人根據(jù)自己的能力作出貢獻(xiàn)【總結(jié)】according as 后接從句according to根據(jù);按照【例句】The

4、y divided themselves into three groups according to age.他們按年齡分成三組。取決于【例句】We will go or we wont, according to circumstances.我們或去或不去，都將視情況而定。據(jù)所載;據(jù)所說【例句】According to the Bible, Adam was the first man.據(jù)圣經(jīng)記載，亞當(dāng)是人類始祖。【總結(jié)】according to 后一般不接view(看法)和opinion(意見)這類詞，也不接表示第一人稱的代詞(me, us)。to 是介詞，后接名詞代詞等。如：依我看，這

5、部電影很不錯。正：In my opinion, the film is wonderful. 誤：According to my opinion, the film is wonderful. 誤：According to me, the film is wonderful.【詞語辨析】according as與according to的用法區(qū)別(1)according as 根據(jù)，隨而定(后接從句)。如：Everyone contributes according as he is able. 每個人根據(jù)自己的能力作出貢獻(xiàn)(2)according to 根據(jù)，按照(主要引出狀語)。如：Eve

6、rything went off according to plan. 一切都按照計劃實現(xiàn)了。合乎，符合(主要引出表語)。如：It is not according to his nature to give praise. 他本性不喜歡頌揚(yáng)。add to 增添，增加，增進(jìn)【例句】The bad weather added to our difficulties.惡劣的天氣增加了我們的困難?！究偨Y(jié)】其賓語多為困難、歡樂等抽象名詞。add.to把加到上【例句】Add the other items on at the bottom of the page.把另外幾項加到這一頁的末尾處?！究偨Y(jié)】a

7、dd A to B是說把A種類加到B種類里面。這說明B中有至少A和B2種成分了。add up加起來，總計，說的通【例句】His story just doesnt add up, he must be lying.他說的前後不一致，一定撒謊了。【總結(jié)】add up只強(qiáng)調(diào)相加，不強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。a (great/large/small) number of 許多【例句】A large number of students are ill these days because of the swine flu.這些天我們班的許多學(xué)生都因為豬流感而病了【總結(jié)】a (great/large/small) n

8、umber of接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A (together) with BA與B一樣【例句】France, together with China, is a great country.法國，和中國一樣，是一個偉大的國家?！究偨Y(jié)】A (together) with B 謂語動詞與A一致A as well as B A跟B一樣【例句】It is unpleasant in summer as well as in winter.夏天不好過，冬天也不好過【總結(jié)】A as well as B謂語動詞與A一致。as well as可連接并列的單詞或短語。as well as與動詞連用時，

9、其后可用V-ing形式，尤其as well as 位于句首時，此時相當(dāng)于in addition to。例如：As well as breaking his leg, he hurt his arm. 他不但摔斷了腿，而且還傷了胳膊。as well as用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)和否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，其意義不同。as well as和not搭配使用，as well as位于not前時，兩者均否定;位于not后時，否定前者，肯定后者。例如：George hasnt gone abroad as well as his brother. 喬治并沒有和他兄弟一樣出國去。(他兄弟一人出國)George, as well as

10、 his brother, hasnt gone abroad. 喬治和他兄弟都沒有出國。a bit of 一點【例句】It was a bit of a bore, wasnt it? 這有點叫人厭煩，不是嗎?【總結(jié)】a bit of 后接不可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于a little還要注意有些常用詞組，如have a bit of a cold(有點兒感冒)，“cold(感冒)”雖然是個不可數(shù)名詞，但習(xí)慣上要加aa bit 一點【例句】Your article is a bit short.【總結(jié)】a bit放在形容詞、副詞前，作狀語;也可作賓語、表語?！驹~語辨析】a bit of/a bita b

11、it of是介詞短語，后接不可數(shù)名詞;a bit是副詞短語，修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞，作狀語;也可作賓語、表語。a bunch of 一束、一捆【例句】He gave a bunch of flowers to his girlfriend.他送給女友一束花。【總結(jié)】a bunch of后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。a copy of 一份(報紙等)【例句】A copy of China Today is on the desk.【總結(jié)】a copy of后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。a couple of 一對，兩，一雙【例句】兩個There is a couple of boys waiting for you

12、.有兩個男孩等你。一些，幾個He must have a rest for a couple of weeks.他必須休息幾個星期【總結(jié)】a couple of + n(c).作主語時謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)，接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)a crowd of 一群、許多【例句】There is a crowd of papers and books is on his desk.有大堆文件和書籍在他的桌子?！究偨Y(jié)】a crowd of后接可數(shù)名詞?！緦崙?zhàn)演練】_ cattle were dotted around the grass land with a little boy sitting on a rock

13、.A.A crowd of B.a bit of C.The number of D.A bunch of 答案：A 題意：一群牛羊分散在草地上，一個男孩坐在一塊巖石上。【名師解析】a crowd of 一群、許多;a bit of 一點;The number of的數(shù)量，謂語動詞要用單數(shù);a bunch of 一束、一捆。a good/great deal of 大量【例句】He seems to have a good (great) deal of money (trouble, etc.)他好象有很多錢(麻煩事)?！究偨Y(jié)】a good/great deal of 接不可數(shù)名詞a goo

14、d/great many大量(接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))【例句】He had a good many friends here.他在這兒有很多朋友。【總結(jié)】a great many后面直接加復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。a great deal大量的【例句】A great deal of work awaits me.許多工作等著我去做。非?！纠洹縃e likes to swim a good_.他非常喜歡游泳。【總結(jié)】a great deal用作名詞，意為“大量”，“許多”，作主語、賓語;用作副詞，意為“很”或“非?！保鳡钫Z，修飾動詞或用來強(qiáng)調(diào)比較級。【詞義辨析】a good many of, a good de

15、al of, a good many, a good deal的區(qū)別與用法a great deal of后加不可數(shù)名詞，如：a great deal of money / rice/ water / information而a good many后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，如：a good many apples / people / boxes / eggs兩個詞意思是“很多，許多，大量的”的意思a good many of后加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)或代詞的賓格，指“中的許多/很多東西”，如：a good many of the apples/ them蘋果中的許多，他們中的很多，請比較：A good man

16、y students come from Shanghai.A good many of students come from Shanghai第一句：很多學(xué)生來自上海。第二句：學(xué)生中有許多來自上海。a great deal用作名詞，意為“大量”，“許多”，作主語、賓語;用作副詞，意為“很”或“非?！?，作狀語，修飾動詞或用來強(qiáng)調(diào)比較級。如：A great deal has been studied and this is the best way. 經(jīng)過大量研究后，這(被認(rèn)為)是最好的辦法。1.a group of 一群【例句】A group of visitors are visiting

17、Summer Place.一群游客正在參觀頤和園【總結(jié)】a group of屬介詞短語，后接可數(shù)名詞。2.a kind of一種【例句】This is a new kind of car. 這是一種新式的汽車。幾分【例句】She has a kind of genius. 她有幾分天才。【總結(jié)】a kind of?？杀硎静淮_定的“某種類似”的意思。3.a knife and fork 一副刀叉【例句】There is a knife and fork on the table. 桌子上有一副刀叉。【總結(jié)】a knife and fork作主語謂語用單數(shù)。用and 連接的并列主語表示不同的人或物

18、時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù); 表示同一人、物或概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。4.(a) lack of 缺乏【例句】Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.緊張和疲勞常使人精神不集中。5.a large quantity of 大量【例句】A quantity of baskets were on sale. 大量籃子在出售?！究偨Y(jié)】a quantity of +不可數(shù)名詞，謂語只用單數(shù)，quantities of +可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞，謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)。1.a large/small/great amount of 一些【例句】A

19、 million dollars is a large amount of money to me.100萬美元對我來說是一筆巨款?！究偨Y(jié)】a large/small/great amount of 后接不可數(shù)名詞【拓展】the amount of. 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。The amount of money spent on the bridge was large.這座橋耗資巨大。large amounts of. 作主語時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式?表示“許多”的短語：1)修飾可數(shù)名詞：a great many, many, a good many, a (large, great

20、 )number of, (many a )2)修飾不可數(shù)名詞： much, a great / good deal of, a great amount of3)修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large / great quantity of(謂語視名詞特性而定)，quantities of(謂語用復(fù)數(shù))(1) a great / good many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，中間無of。A great many people have seen the film.(2) a great / good many + of + the / these

21、/ those / ones + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)A great many of the people have seen the film.2.a little一點，少許，略微，稍【例句】After a little he got up and left.過了一會兒他站起來走了。【總結(jié)】a little用于不可數(shù)名詞和形容詞前。3.a loaf of一條,一塊【例句】Fanny cut half a loaf of bread with a fine knife.fanny用一把鋒利的刀切了一半面包4.a piece of一張(片，塊，)【例句】Would you please give me a

22、piece of paper?能給我一張紙嗎?【總結(jié)】a piece of用在不可數(shù)名詞前，表示數(shù)量【辨析】a piece of/a loaf of/a bar ofpiece 片，面piece是用來形容比較薄的東西的，紙,切片,面包，piece 一片的意思loaf棱角不分明的長方體可以形容面包，法棍“面包那種的就叫l(wèi)oaf,長條的那種。以loaf來形容這種形狀。bar棱角分明長方體(形)、金條，工具欄(toolbar).【拓展】a bottle of一瓶;a pound of一磅;half a pound of半磅;a quarter of四分之一(1/4);a tin of一聽5.A ra

23、ther than B 與其B，不如A【例句】He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 與其說他是一個海員，不如說他是一個探險者?！究偨Y(jié)】A rather than B意為“是而不是;與其不如”。表示客觀事實;它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞(短語)、動名詞、分句、不定式、動詞等。1.a series of 一系列的【例句】A series of performances is scheduled.一系列演出已安排定日期?！究偨Y(jié)】series單復(fù)數(shù)相同。2.a total of 總計【例句】we spent a total of ten ye

24、ars in korea,germany and japan【總結(jié)】a total of后接數(shù)詞。3.a type of 一種【例句】A firefly is a type of beetle. 螢火蟲是一種甲蟲?！究偨Y(jié)】a type of比較技術(shù)一點，使用面向?qū)碚f比較狹窄，表示事物的形式4.a variety of 一種【例句】All of them arrive late for a variety of reasons. 由于種種原因，他們都來晚了?！究偨Y(jié)】a variety of 強(qiáng)調(diào)多樣化，【生物】變化;種類?！驹~語辨析】a kind of, a sort of, a type o

25、f, a variety ofa kind of的使用最寬泛了，一般a sort of，a type of可以互換用的，a kind of，也都可以用。然后a sort of，a type of表達(dá)的意思跟精確一點，一般a sort of都是比較直觀的分類，比如圖釘跟別針的分類。a type of比較技術(shù)一點，使用面向?qū)碚f比較狹窄;a variety of 強(qiáng)調(diào)多樣化，【生物】變化;種類。5.advise (that) sb. (should) do 建議某人應(yīng)該做某事(虛擬語氣)【例句】We advised that they (should) start early. 我們建議他們應(yīng)該及

26、早開始?！究偨Y(jié)】advise后跟從句時用虛擬語氣，should加動詞原形，should可以省略?！就卣埂縜dvise的其他用法advise+sb.to do sth建議某人做某事 advise+sb.not to do 建議某人不要做某事 advise+sb.against doing sth. 建議某人不要做某事 advise+doing sth. 建議做某事1.afford sb. sth. 為某人承擔(dān)【例句】Dancing affords us pleasure.跳舞給我們帶來快樂?！究偨Y(jié)】afford表示“提供，給予”時，常用于抽象的事物，可接雙賓語。也可表示“買得起，花得起”。這時，

27、其賓語可以是名詞或不定式，通常是表示時間或金錢的詞語，常與情態(tài)動詞can，be able to連用?！就卣埂縜fford sth. to sb. 為某人承擔(dān) ?afford to do 能夠去做2.after a time 一段時間后【例句】After a timehe lost his nervousness and began to feel himself again.過了一會兒，他的緊張情緒過去了，鎮(zhèn)靜了下來。3.after a while 不久【例句】After a while, we began to have a picnic. 過不久，我們就開始野餐。【總結(jié)】after a w

28、hile=after a moment 一會兒以后，后來 常用于一般過去時，提問時用when4.after all 畢竟;終究【例句】It turned out he went by trainafter all.結(jié)果他還是乘火車去的?！究偨Y(jié)】after all 畢竟，到底(這個到底指“最終還是”，有出乎意料的意味)，一般用在肯定句中5.agree on 在達(dá)成共識【例句】We are all agreed on the best action. 我們都同意這一最佳措施?！究偨Y(jié)】agree on 后面一般跟表示具體協(xié)議的文件、計劃等。1.agree to+do同意去做【例句】We agree

29、to leave at once.我們同意馬上離開。+n(建議)、pron. etc.【例句】Hes agreed to our suggestion about the holiday. 他已經(jīng)同意我們關(guān)于假日的計劃了?！究偨Y(jié)】agree to后接一件建議或計劃或接動詞原形。2.agree with同意、贊同【例句】Do you agree with me? 你同意我嗎?與一致【例句】The witnesses statements just dont agree with each other.幾個證人的陳述并不一致。 (衣服等)適合某人He doesnt agree with mutto

30、n. 他不喜歡吃羊肉?！驹~語辨析】 agree to，agree on，agree with這些短語動詞均可表示“同意”之意。agree to：常與plan(計劃)、arrangement(安排)、suggestion(建議)、proposal(建議)、terms(條件)、method(方法)等名詞連用。這時agree to不僅指其主語與對方看法一致，而且暗含自己也愿合作、承擔(dān)義務(wù)或效法的意味。agree on：指雙方或多方在某件事情上取得一致的意見。常與plan(計劃)、date(日期)、terms(條件)、price(價格)等名詞連用。agree with：可用于指人，指同意其看法或意見等

31、，也可與一些名詞或從句連用。與agree to不同之處是，僅表示看法或意見一致，沒有愿意進(jìn)行合作或效法的含義。3.ahead of在前面，先于He will be ahead of others in English.他在英語方面將超過別人。adv. 在. 前面Luckily the van ahead of us skidded off the road on our left, but it was a very near miss.我們前面的客貨車滑出我們左邊的路，僥幸沒撞上。【總結(jié)】ahead of“在前面”，是抽象意義上的，如“科技實力”，“時間”等概念 。4.aim at 瞄準(zhǔn)，目

32、的【例句】The sportsman did not fire into the brown, but took careful aim at some particular bird.那獵人并沒有向鳥群開槍，只瞄準(zhǔn)了特定的一只鳥【總結(jié)】aim at后加doing/sth.表力求做到某事/力求達(dá)到某事后加sb./sth. 表瞄準(zhǔn)某人/瞄準(zhǔn)某物?！就卣埂縝e aimed at+doing 目的是做某事。5.All but A除了A以外所有人【例句】All but a few will say amen to his proposal. 除了少數(shù)幾個人外，大家都會十分贊成他的建議?！究偨Y(jié)】謂語動詞

33、與all一致，用復(fù)數(shù)。1.all kinds of 各種各樣的【例句】These woods are frequented by all kinds of birds. 這些樹林里經(jīng)常棲息著各種鳥類。2.all of a sudden 突然(單用)【例句】All of a sudden the lights went out.突然燈滅了?！究偨Y(jié)】all of a sudden 副詞短語，做狀語。3.all over 整個【例句】The game is all over.比賽已全部結(jié)束。在(遍及)的各部分Computers will be used more and more in the fu

34、ture all over the world.將來全世界要越來越多的使用電腦?！究偨Y(jié)】all over 意為“在(遍及)的各部分”，只接表示地點的名詞。4.all sorts of 各種各樣的【例句】All sorts of lamps are available in that shop. 在那家商店可買到各式各樣的燈具【詞語辨析】all kinds of與all sorts of，都意為各種各樣的，前者較正式，后者較口語，后者多指人【詞語辨析】kinds of 是很多種;kind of 表示有點，稍稍;若變成be kind of 則表示某人友善的性格;a kind of 表示一種;all

35、 kinds of 表示各種各樣的5.all the same 仍然、依然【例句】Whether they win or lose is all the same to me.他們是贏是輸於我都一樣?！究偨Y(jié)】副詞短語，作狀語。1.all through the (night/year/ones life) 整個【例句】Some cold-blooded animals hibernate all through the winter.一些冷血動物整個冬天都冬眠?！究偨Y(jié)】all through意思為“在整個期間”，后面接表示時間的名詞?！驹~語辨析】all over、all throughall

36、over意為“在(遍及)的各部分”，只接表示地點的名詞。all through意思為“在整個期間”，后面接表示時間的名詞。2.allnot 不都是(部分否定)【例句】All the ants do not go out for food. 并不是所有的螞蟻都出去采食?！究偨Y(jié)】Allnot一般表示不都是(not all)這種部分否定意義，但有時也表示都不這一全部否定的意義。要表示全部否定，可把not改為no以避免歧義。no是限定詞，在意義上是直接否定所修飾名詞的。none，neither，no+被修飾成分等，也不會產(chǎn)生歧義。比較下面的例句：Not all birds can fly. 不是所有的

37、鳥都會飛。No birds can play chess. 鳥是不會下棋的。(牛津英語用法指南Michael Swam著)3.allow doing/sb. to do 允許(某人)做某事【例句】We dont allow smoking in our house. 在我們家里不容許吸煙【總結(jié)】allow to do sth也可以換成allow sb to do sth.;allow doing卻不能換成有sb的形式。這是二者最大的區(qū)別，意思上基本沒有什么區(qū)別。4.announce to sb. sth. (=announce sth. to sb.) 向某人宣布某事【例句】The manag

38、er announced to the worker the decision. 經(jīng)理宣布了對這個工人的決定?！究偨Y(jié)】announce后不可接雙賓語。在美國，人們習(xí)慣在announce后直接加動詞的被動語態(tài)。The work is announced finished.但是在英國，人們習(xí)慣將被動語態(tài)表達(dá)完整。Thee work is announced to be finished.【詞義辨析】announce, declare, proclaim, pronounce, advertise, broadcast, publish這些動詞均含“宣布，公開”之意。announce: 多指首次宣布

39、大家感興趣或可滿足大家好奇心的事情。declare: 側(cè)重正式就某事清楚明白地宣布。proclaim: 指官方宣布重大事件或施政方針，語體比announce正式。pronounce: 詞義與announce, declare接近，但較多用于指法律判決方面的宣布。advertise: 指通過文字和圖像資料等的反復(fù)宣傳而引起公眾的注意，有時隱含令人不快或言過其實的意味。broadcast: 專指利用廣播或電視傳播消息或發(fā)表見解。publish: 專指通過報刊或其它媒介向公眾公布事情5.answer for 為負(fù)責(zé)任【例句】You should find out the answer for you

40、rself.你應(yīng)該自己去找答案1.apart from 除外【例句】Apart from Kelly, Joy will go to swim tomorrow.除了Kelly外，Joy明天也會去游泳?！究偨Y(jié)】apart from具有多重意義：既可表示besides，也可以表示exept或exept for，還可以表示without的意思。2.apply for 申請【例句】Dont apply for that job: youre in danger of overreaching yourself.不要申請那份工作，以免有不自量力之嫌?！驹~語辨析】apply to sb. for sth

41、. 為向申請;apply for 申請;apply to 適用【名師解析】apply for 申請;apply to 適用;amount to 總計，等于;attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意，照顧;3.appreciate doing 感激做【例句】We shall appreciate hearing from you again.我們恭候佳音?！究偨Y(jié)】appreciate 不接不定式，還可以用：appreciate +sth. /appreciate +that從句4.as a matter of fact 實際上，事實

42、上【例句】As a matter of fact, Ive never been there before.事實上我從未到過那【總結(jié)】as a matter of fact 是副詞短語，作狀語。1.as far as=so far as就而言，至于【例句】As far as I am concerned, Im not against your plan.就我而言，我并不反對你的計劃。遠(yuǎn)到【例句】He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening. 昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火車站?！究偨Y(jié)】表示“直到為止”之意時，as far as既

43、可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句;在表示“直到程度”之意的借喻說法中，as far as和so far as都可使用，但前者不及后者用得普遍。在表示“就而論”之意時，as far as和so far as可互換使用。在表示“只要”、“盡所能”之意時，應(yīng)用as far as，不用so far as。2.as if 似乎、好像【例句】She treats himas if he were a stranger.她待他如陌生人?！究偨Y(jié)】(一)as if 從句的作用。在look, seem 等系動詞后引導(dǎo)表語從句。如：She looks as if she were ten years younger.

44、她看起來好像年輕了十歲。引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。如：She loves the boy as if she were his mother. 她愛這男孩，就好像她是他的母親一樣。(二)as if 還可用于省略句中 如果as if 引導(dǎo)的從句是“主語+系動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，可省略主語和系動詞，這樣as if 后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語或分詞。如：He acts as if (he was) a fool. 他做事像個傻子。(三)as if 從句的語氣及時態(tài) as if 從句用陳述語氣的情況。當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為句子所述的是真實的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實時。如：It sounds as if i

45、t is raining. 聽起來像是在下雨。He talks as if he is drunk. 從他談話的樣子來看他是醉了。as if從句用虛擬語氣的情況。當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時。從句虛擬語氣動詞時態(tài)的形式如下：a.如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時。如：ou look as if you didnt care. 你看上去好像并不在乎.b.從句表示與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”。如：He talks about Rome as if he had been there before. 他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過羅馬似的

46、。c.從句表示與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用“would/could/might+動詞原形”。如：He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他張開嘴好像要說什么。3.as long as=so long as只要【例句】As long as you dont betray me, Ill do whatever you ask me to (do).只要你不出賣我，要我做什么我都愿意。as long as: 和一樣長【例句】This line is four times as long as that one.這條線是那條線的四倍長?！究偨Y(jié)

47、】?當(dāng)用于同級比較時，as.as 既可用于肯定中也可用于否定句中，而so.as 只能用于否定句中。His pencil is as long as mine.His pencil isnt so/as long as mine.當(dāng)表示只要時，兩者沒有什么區(qū)別，可以替換。e.g.Our profits will be good as/so long as the dollar remains strong.【詞語辨析】as long as ，as far asas long as有“只要”的意思As long as you keep working, you will get what you

48、want.as far as的意思比較抽象，可以表示距離上的“遠(yuǎn)到，直到”也有“據(jù)我所知”的意思，翻譯起來可根據(jù)上下文語境靈活處理。As far as I can see, it is a perfect plan.在我看來，這是個完美的計劃。4.as well as和一樣【例句】She as well as you is an English teacher.她像你一樣也是英文教師。與一樣好【例句】He speaks Spanish as well as English. 他說西班牙語像說英語一樣好.【總結(jié)】A as well as B的結(jié)構(gòu)里，語意的重點在A，不在B。as though 似

49、乎、好像【例句】He behaved as though nothing had happened. 他裝作若無其事的樣子?！究偨Y(jié)】as if/as though的用法as if 與as though 是一組同義詞，兩者意思相同，用法也相同，只是在口語中人們多半會用as if, 取其簡短。as if和as though用法較為復(fù)雜，(一)在通常情況下，as if 和as though所引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞多用虛擬語氣，表示所敘述的情況與事實相反。具體用法如下：1)談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在情形的，用過去時(動詞be用were,也可用was)：Why is she looking at me as though

50、she knew me? 他為什么那樣看我?像是認(rèn)識我似的。He behaves as if he owned the house. 他的樣子好像他擁有這個房子。Its not as though he was /were poor.2)談?wù)撨^去情形的動詞形式有以下幾種：a)過去式，表示過去的狀態(tài)，如：He stood there looking at the train and laughing, as if to miss a train was the best joke in the world.他站在那里，望著火車哈哈大笑，好像誤了火車是天底下最開心的事兒似的。Mr. Coleman

51、 always talked as if he knew everything.但是，如果狀態(tài)動詞帶有持續(xù)時間狀語，則用過去完成時：They talked as if they had been friends for years.(試比較：They had been friends for years.)Now it is as though she had known Millie for years. (現(xiàn)代英語用法詞典)情態(tài)動詞亦用過去時：b)過去完成時，表示過去的動作先于主句動詞而發(fā)生或完成，如：It was as if he had lost his last friend.I r

52、emember, she tells her children now, how wild his white hair lookedas if it had been electrified.必須注意的時，在指過去的動作時，即使主句是現(xiàn)在時，as if 從句中的動詞也要用過去完成時：He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.他講起羅馬的情況來就好像他親自到過那里似的。c)過去進(jìn)行時，表示動作正在進(jìn)行：He heard a noise, as if someone was breathing.I felt as if the

53、 ground were slipping beneath my feet. 我感到大地仿佛在腳下滑動。d)過去將來時，表示將要發(fā)生的事態(tài)：It looked as if it was going to snow.(二)如果as if后面的從句所表示的情況時真實的或很可能時真實的，則動詞可以用陳述語氣，在feel, look, seem smell, sound, taste之后尤其如此。試比較：F. T. Wood所著English Colloquial Idioms中的兩個例子：He walks as if he is drunk.He walks as if he were drunk.第一句表示“他已經(jīng)醉了”，第2句則表示“他沒有醉”。又如：It looks as if it is going to rain.It looks as if were going to rain.第一例意味著快要下雨了，第二例則意味著不會下雨。(三)隨著語言的發(fā)展，as if后面的從句即使反映的不是事實，也可以不用虛擬語氣而用陳述語氣，這主要出現(xiàn)在口語或不太正式的文體中。例如：With the development of these new tools, it is as if man hassuddenly become a m