新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)Lesson_1

1、Lesson 1 a puma at large單詞理解Spot : v catch sight of、pick out 、see、recognize With the development of technology, everybody can turn cellphone into a wireless hotspot.He is hoping someone will spot the accused killer. It was said that Xishi had a beauty spot.他有敏銳的識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤的眼睛。he has good eyes for spotting

2、mistakes. 同義詞辨析：Spot: see，看出識(shí)別Find：強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果 Find out：查出事實(shí)真相Discover：作出重大發(fā)現(xiàn) Notice：注意到Observe：觀察 Watch：觀看比賽或者活動(dòng)中畫面Spot: n There is a spot on his shirt.Her face is covered with lots of spots.He got a spot on a CNN show. on the spot ：immediately、at once; 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to lea

3、ve on the spot.Because of her beauty, I spotted her on the spot . Wherever he is needed , he is on the spot.Evidence：n proof EvidentEvidentlyAs the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate. 當(dāng)警察趕到時(shí)，他已經(jīng)把證據(jù)給銷毀When the police arrived, he had already destroyed the ev

4、idence. Be in evidence 顯而易見的A crying baby is much in evidence. 他在晚會(huì)上很顯眼He was in evidence at the party.他的所作所為讓他在社團(tuán)中很突出。What he has done makes him be in evidence in association.Accumulate : v get or gather together collect or gather By working hard you may accumulate a fortune.這份工作給了他積累了寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的機(jī)會(huì)。The

5、job gives him a chance to accumulate precious experience. 中國(guó)政府積累了很多應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)事件的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Chinese government has already accumulated a lot of experience in dealing with emergency.近義詞辨析：accumulate、collect、gather、assembleAccumulate：積累、積淀、注重積累過程Collect：收集、采集Gather：召集、集合Assemble：集合、集中（與gather意思相近）Jay Chou has collec

6、ted many old cars.The teacher gathered his students in the classroom.The students often gather in this bar. The students assembled in the classroom. Oblige：vt make somebody feel it is necessary to do something;force or compel somebody to do something feel obliged to do sth. 感到有必要做某事。The experts felt

7、 obliged to investigate the event.She felt obliged to break up with him.馬英九覺得必須同大陸改善關(guān)系。Mr. Ma Ying Jiu feels obliged to improve the relationship with the mainland.Be obliged to do sth 被強(qiáng)迫做某事Many young men in Tai Wan were obliged to join the Japanese army during the second world war. He was obliged t

8、o sell his car to pay his debts.很多的科學(xué)家因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)的緣故被迫放棄了他們的研究。Many scientists were obliged to give up their researches because of the war. 他被迫放棄了他的職位。he was obliged to give up his position.政府官員被迫同反政府的恐怖分子進(jìn)行談判。Government officials were obliged to negotiate with the terrorists who were against the central g

9、overnment.Mr. Oakley has always been ready to oblige journalists with information. 奧克利先生一直樂于提供信息幫助記者們.I would be obliged if you could read it to us. 如果你能把它讀給我們聽，我將不勝感激.(如蒙) 將不勝感激 Hunt：v 獵捕、打獵、搜尋 n 搜尋、狩獵 Hunter 獵人、獵犬The hunter tried his best to hunt the puma.同意詞辨析：hunt、run after、seek、pursueRun after:

10、追趕、追求；seek/pursue：追尋，追尋理想、夢(mèng)想、真理I have done what I can to run after the pretty girl.what are you running after in your life?In seeking her dreams , she does not sacrifice her personality. . 只要有追尋的勇氣，一切夢(mèng)想皆可成真。All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to pursue them. 每個(gè)人都有權(quán)利追求自己的生活方式。Everyone

11、 has right to seek their own living methods.Corner: n 角落 At the corner of the street In the corner of the house On the corner of the desk.轉(zhuǎn)角遇到愛遇到愛，相信奇跡的出現(xiàn)。Coming across my lover at the corner of the street, I believe in whats called miracle.Corner : vforce a person or an animal into a position from

12、which he cannot escape The thief was cornered by the police at last. The question cornered me. 一些高度污染工廠使環(huán)境保護(hù)陷入窘境。Environment protection is cornered by some factories producing heavy pollutions.Trail : n a track or mark left by something that has passed go after with the intent to catch A trail of de

13、ad deerA trail of blood They made a trail of protests against the decision The police trailed the criminal to the place where he was hiding.我們跟蹤那個(gè)小偷來到了他藏贓物的地方。We trailed the thief to the place where he hid the Stolen goods. cling：vcome or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist s

14、eparation to remain emotionally or intellectually attached clung, clungCling to sth 堅(jiān)持she is always clinging to her boyfriend. Yu Min Hong always clings to the hope that he will succeed. 近義詞：cling 、 stickStick 粘住 stick the envelop 粘住信封 stick to 堅(jiān)持 stick to his promise.Please stick to one-China posit

15、ion.不管你說什么，我任然堅(jiān)持我的觀點(diǎn)。Whatever you will say, I still stick to my point. Convince ：vt make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth of something Convince sb. of sth使某人相信某事Please convince him of this. He has to convince me of his ability to do this job. 這名罪犯竭盡全力讓法官相信他的清白。The criminal tried his

16、 best to convince the judge of his innocence. Convince sb that 使某人確信 The criminal tried his best to convince the judge that he was innocent.What I have experienced convinces me that Tomorrow will belong to the aggressive people 他必須說服我他有能力勝任這份工作。He has to convince me that he is able to do this job. B

17、e convinced that 相信了The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma. the judge was convinced that the criminal was innocent.中國(guó)政府相信了朝鮮正在發(fā)展核武器。Chinese government is convinced that the North Korea istrying to develop the nuclear weapon.Somehow: 不知怎么搞的、不知什么原因I was lost somehow yesterday.

18、 He was nervous somehow. 辨析：somehow somewhatSomehow: in some way ; by some meansSomewhat ：a little I wish I could repay you somehow.The price is somewhat higher than I expected.The price is a little higher than I expectedDisturb：v destroy the peace change the arrangement or position Please do not di

19、sturb us when we are working.The manager will be angry if you disturb him when hes inconference.DisturbingDisturbedShe told me the disturbing news yesterday.I was disturbed at the news.at large 逃遁的, 沒有被控制的 - The thief is still at largeat large 詳細(xì)地（= in detail）n.細(xì)節(jié), 詳情 - I need talk to you at largeat

20、 large 總體來講（= as a whole）- The students at large are hungry for English. 1、pumas are large cat-like animals which are found in America. which可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句， 修飾表示事物的先行詞， 在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、 賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。He was reading a book, which was about war. 他正在讀一本關(guān)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的書。cat-like ： 像貓一樣Dog-likeFox-like woman-like大熊貓是一種體型貌似熊的動(dòng)物，產(chǎn)于中國(guó)

21、。Pandas are large, bear-like animals. They live in China.Pandas are large, bear-like animals which are found in China. 龍是一種體型類似蛇的神秘動(dòng)物，在中國(guó)的傳說中有關(guān)于它的描述。 Dragons are mysterious, snake-like animals which are described in Chinese legendary.2、When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spot

22、ted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.That 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)report 解釋W(xué)hen reports that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London came into London zoo同位語(yǔ)從句定義：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句稱為同位語(yǔ)從句。一個(gè)名詞（或其它形式）對(duì)另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾，限定或說明，這個(gè)名詞（或其它形式）就是同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)與被它限定的詞的格式要一致，并常常緊挨在一起 一、可以跟

23、同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞通常有一、可以跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），（消息），possibility等（一般的等（一般的“抽象抽象”名名詞都可用）。詞都可用）。 Ive come from Mr Wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon 二、英語(yǔ)中引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的詞通常有連詞二、英語(yǔ)中引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的詞通常有連詞that，whether，連，連接代詞接代詞wh

24、at，who。連接副詞。連接副詞how , when, where等。（注：等。（注：if, which 不能引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。）不能引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個(gè)問題。 三、有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的三、有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。詞隔開。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city 他突然想起可能敵人已經(jīng)逃出城了。 .Th

25、ey were not taken seriously Take sb./ sth seriously 認(rèn)真的對(duì)待某人某事You should take your job seriously.You had better take everyone in your life seriously.警察在見了目擊者之后，決定認(rèn)真的對(duì)待這起刑事案件After meeting the witness, the police decided to take the criminal case seriously.Take sb./sth lightly 對(duì)某人某事不在乎The company takes

26、 the serious pollution lightly.We should not take the respectable opponent lightly. Dont take the hot potato lightlyTake sb./ sth too much to heart 太在意He takes you too much to heart.He will never get the thing he wants because he always takes everything too much to heart.復(fù)習(xí)：同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句：兩者都會(huì)用that引導(dǎo)I h

27、ave got an information thatI have got an information that the pretty girl likes me. I have got an information that surprised me a lot. 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句最明顯的區(qū)別：在同位語(yǔ)從句中，引導(dǎo)詞that只是起著連著主句和從句作用，不做任何的句子成分。I have got an information that the pretty girl likes me.定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞that不僅起著連著主句和從句作用，同時(shí)還在從句中作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)。I have got a

28、n information that surprised me a lot.3、However , as the evidence began to accumulate, expertsfrom the zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.however 并列連詞，表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折意思He said that it was so, however , he was mist

29、aken.He said that it was so, he was mistaken, however.然而我們依然可以做朋友。we can, however, be friends. However, we can be friends.as 從屬連詞，隨著，當(dāng)時(shí)候As the evidence began to accumulateAs she talked on she got more and more worried.隨著越來越多的人參與到保護(hù)小動(dòng)物的活動(dòng)中來，我們相信社會(huì)可以那些流浪的小動(dòng)物們提供更好的生存環(huán)境。As there are more and more people

30、 joining in the activity to protect the stray animals, we believe that our society will provide these stray animals with a better living environment. For the descriptions given by people For后面引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)主句的附加說明和解釋提供更多的信息；Because后面的原因狀語(yǔ)從句則是重點(diǎn)突出原因。The day broke for the birds were singing. Mary has a fe

31、ver because she was caught in the rainYesterday.He must have been busy, for he didnt take part in the party last night.He was very busy because he had lots of thing to do.the descriptions given by people過去分詞作定語(yǔ)the descriptions which were given by peopleI lost a pen made in China.The horse raised by

32、the farmers won the race.我想買一本魯迅的書。I want to buy a book written by Luxun.那個(gè)開車的中年人就是我的老師。The middle-age man driving the car is my teacher.claim to have done sth 聲稱做過某事They claimed to have discovered a new planet.Anthropologists claimed to have made a real discovery on the ancient man.他聲稱做過經(jīng)理。 He clai

33、med to have been a manager.政府聲稱曾經(jīng)跟恐怖分子進(jìn)行過談判The government claimed to have negotiated with the terrorists.4、The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw a large cat only five yards away from her. Where a woman picking 定語(yǔ)從句.I still remember the school where I h

34、ave been a volunteer teacher. yard j:d a unit of length equal to 3 feet; the enclosed land around a house or other building Give him an inch and hell take a yard.一般來說現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)都是來修飾動(dòng)作發(fā)出者，過去分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)作的承受著。The birds flying in the air are very beautiful. The birds caught by him are very beautiful.那個(gè)正在玩牌的男人

35、就是這里的老板。The man playing cards is the boss here.The man who is playing cards is the boss here. 那個(gè)被一些人保護(hù)的人是我們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。The man protected by a lot of people is our leader.The man who is protected by a lot of people is our leader. 5、It immediately ran away when she saw it , and experts confirmed that a puma

36、will not attack a human being unless it iscornered.unless: if not 用unless引導(dǎo)從句要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，不能用將來時(shí)。Come tomorrow unless I call you.Come tomorrow if I do not call you.如果工資不是很低，他就會(huì)接受這份工作。He will take the job if the salary is not too low.He will take the job unless the salary is too low.6、Wherever it went , it

37、 left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.Wherever =not matter where, Wherever you go, my heart will go with you . Whenever=not matter whenWhatever=not matter what（常引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句）However=not matter how (however 做連詞表轉(zhuǎn)折意義時(shí)除外） Ill be on the trail of the sexiest man of this year. 我將追蹤

38、采訪這位年度性感男 on the trail of 跟蹤追趕 on the trail of sb 追蹤某人或某事 leave behind 把某物留在后面Wherever the wounded soldier went, he left behind him a trail of blood. 我們應(yīng)該給后代留下一個(gè)干凈的地球。We should leave behind a clean world for the future generations. 人生最痛苦的事情就是人死了，錢沒花完！ 人生最痛苦的事情就是人沒死，錢花完了！ The most miserable thing in

39、life is that you leave behind lots of money after your death! The most miserable thing in life is that you live with nothing at all.7、Paw prints were seen in a number of places and pumafur was found clinging to bushes.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)experts saw the paw prints in a number of places and found puma fur clinging t

40、o bushes. 被動(dòng)句式是對(duì)事實(shí)的陳述，強(qiáng)到的結(jié)果和已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的影響；主動(dòng)句式則是突出強(qiáng)調(diào)行動(dòng)的發(fā)出行者，意在突出主體。英文表達(dá)方式習(xí)慣用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 突出客觀事實(shí)。而中文則善于運(yùn)用動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。食品安全問題已經(jīng)已發(fā)了多起重大事故。Several accidents have been caused by food security problem。Food security problem has caused several accidents.中央政府決定重點(diǎn)治理食品安全問題Central government decides to deal with food security pro

41、blem.8、Several people complained of cat-like noises at night anda business man on a fishing trip saw a puma up a tree.Complain of /about sth 抱怨某事Husband complains of dog s life , but dog has no wife .He is always complaining about his job.越來越多的人抱怨噪音污染。More and more people are complaining of noise po

42、llution.我們不要老是抱怨自己的工作。We should not always complain about our job.Complain to sb 向某人抱怨Never complain to your ex-lover.He complained to his boss about his job.當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裣蚓毂г估鲜潜煌怠ocal people complained to the police about being stolen.A business man on a fishing trip 介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。 on+名詞：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 - on the ris

43、e 在上升 / on the increase 在增加 - on the watch 在觀看 / - on holiday 在度假 9、As no puma had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.Missing 現(xiàn)在分詞做主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)In the possession of sb.歸某人所有in ones possession This

44、one must have been in the possession of a private collector This one must have been in a private collectors possession.In possession of sth Take possession of sth這兩漂亮的車子是我的The beautiful bicycle is in my possession.The beautiful bicycle is in the possession of mine.I am in possession of the beautiful

45、 bicycle.I take possession of the beautiful bicycle.課堂知識(shí)總結(jié)： 重要單詞：accumulate、oblige、Corner、cling、convince 重要短語(yǔ)：at large、feel obliged to do be obliged to do、claim to have done sth、leave behind、cling to、stick to、complain of、In the possession of 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)： 定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別 介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ) 重要連詞：however、as、for翻譯練習(xí) 翻譯

46、：隨著家鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境污染問題越來越嚴(yán)重，一些環(huán)境保護(hù)者覺得有必要采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境，給后代留下干凈的生存空間。雖然他們也知道這樣會(huì)是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，但是他們始終抱有成功的信心。為了說服政府官員，他們收集了大量的企業(yè)排污的證據(jù)。 面對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)卣疄榱烁纳骗h(huán)境制定的政策，那些擁有重污染企業(yè)的老板們紛紛抱怨政策的不合理，宣稱自己為了環(huán)境保護(hù)做了很多，但是環(huán)境保護(hù)者卻把他們逼入絕境。 隨著家鄉(xiāng)污染問題越來越嚴(yán)重，一些環(huán)境保護(hù)者覺得有必要采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境，給后代留下干凈的生存空間。首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句是一些環(huán)境保護(hù)者采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境，“隨著家鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境污染問題越來越嚴(yán)重”顯然是原因狀語(yǔ)；“給后代留下干凈的生存空間”是

47、做目的狀語(yǔ)。隨著，顯然是說明原因，原因狀語(yǔ)，本課中我們學(xué)了用來引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的重要連詞as，于是我們確定用as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句來表達(dá)：as the pollution problem in their hometown is (getting) more and more serious有必要做某事，本文中黃金表達(dá)：feel obliged to ,于是主句：some environmentalists feel obliged to do something to protect the environment 留下：leave behind 于是：to leave behind a c

48、lean living space for the future generations. as the pollution problem in their hometown is getting more and more serious , some environmentalists feel obliged to do something to protect the environment to leave behind a clean living space for the future generations.雖然他們也知道這會(huì)是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，但是他們始終抱有成功的信心。 注意句子轉(zhuǎn)折，連詞使用，however，抱有信心：cling to they know that it will be a difficult task, however, they are always clinging to the hope that they will succeed.為了說服政府官員，他們積累了大量的企業(yè)排污的證據(jù)。說服：convince sb of sth 積累：accumulateIn order to convince government officials , they have accumulated lots of evidence. 隨著家鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境污