英語中的暗喻

1、2. 2. 隱隱 喻喻METAPHORCompare:Habit may be likened to a cable; every day we weave a thread, and soon we cannot break it. 習(xí)慣像纜索，每天我們編上一條線，不習(xí)慣像纜索，每天我們編上一條線，不久我們便扯不斷了。久我們便扯不斷了。 Habit is a cable; every day we weave a thread, and soon we cannot break it. 習(xí)慣是纜索，每天我們編上一條線，不習(xí)慣是纜索，每天我們編上一條線，不久我們便扯不斷了。久我們便扯不斷了。M

2、etaphor, perhaps the most important figure of speech, points out resemblance but with no acknowledging word. (Britannica Book of English Usage)隱喻的表達(dá)形式隱喻的表達(dá)形式 ( 1 ) 名詞型名詞型 ( noun metaphors )Time is money.Life is a journey.All the worlds a stage, and all the men and women merely players. ( William Sha

3、kespeare )整個(gè)世界是座舞臺(tái)，男男女女，演員而已。整個(gè)世界是座舞臺(tái)，男男女女，演員而已。霎時(shí)間，東西長安街成了喧騰的大海。霎時(shí)間，東西長安街成了喧騰的大海。袁鷹：袁鷹：?十月長安街十月長安街?At once，the Eastern and Western Changan Roads became roaring oceans.他是一本活詞典他是一本活詞典(百科全書百科全書) 。He is a walking dictionaryencyclopedia.A silver plate (=The moon) is rising up in the sky.一個(gè)銀盤在天邊升起。一個(gè)銀盤在天

4、邊升起。The human tide was rolling westward. ( Dickens )人流向西涌去。人流向西涌去。The web of our life is of a mingled yarn, good and ill together. ( Shakespeare )我們的生活是吉兇交織而成的網(wǎng)。我們的生活是吉兇交織而成的網(wǎng)。He 1ives in a palace of a house.他住在宮殿一般的房子里，他住在宮殿一般的房子里，The boat disappeared in a mountain of a wave.船在一般如山高的大浪中消失了。船在一般如山高的

5、大浪中消失了。She was an angel of a wife.她是天仙般的妻子。她是天仙般的妻子。 Ive got the devil of a toothache.我牙痛不堪。我牙痛不堪。He is a bag of wind.他只說不干。他只說不干。 He is an old woman.他是個(gè)婆婆媽媽的人。他是個(gè)婆婆媽媽的人。He is an all-purpose basket.他是一個(gè)多面手。他是一個(gè)多面手。 We had been singing all night in the tavern. Next morning I had a frog in the throat.

6、 我們在酒館里唱了一整夜的歌，第二天早晨我們在酒館里唱了一整夜的歌，第二天早晨我的嗓子就嘶啞了。我的嗓子就嘶啞了。( 2 ) 動(dòng)詞型動(dòng)詞型 ( verb metaphors )The case snowballed into one of the most famous trials in U. S. history.這個(gè)案子像滾雪球似地，最終成了美國歷這個(gè)案子像滾雪球似地，最終成了美國歷史上最著名的審判之一。史上最著名的審判之一。 The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it.那男孩兒一抓到食物便狼吞虎咽般地吃了那男孩兒一抓到食物

7、便狼吞虎咽般地吃了下去。下去。The boy is shooting up fast.這個(gè)小孩長得特快。這個(gè)小孩長得特快。Waves thundered against the rocks.水浪猛烈地拍打著巖岸。水浪猛烈地拍打著巖岸。The corridor was flooded with boys and girls.走廊里擠滿了男女小孩。走廊里擠滿了男女小孩。She melted dissolved into tears.她感動(dòng)得流下眼淚。她感動(dòng)得流下眼淚。Dont monkey with the new radio.不要亂動(dòng)新收音機(jī)。不要亂動(dòng)新收音機(jī)。Misfortune dogged

8、 him at every turn災(zāi)難老是折磨著他。災(zāi)難老是折磨著他。The long faced hijacker barked his orders.那個(gè)長臉的劫機(jī)者狂吠般地發(fā)號(hào)施令。那個(gè)長臉的劫機(jī)者狂吠般地發(fā)號(hào)施令。Everything was bathed in the golden sunlight.萬物沐浴在金色的陽光下。萬物沐浴在金色的陽光下。He tailed her into the cave.他尾隨著她走進(jìn)洞穴。他尾隨著她走進(jìn)洞穴。Exercise:I have been wrestling with this problem for half ah hour.我鉆研這個(gè)

9、問題已經(jīng)半小時(shí)了。我鉆研這個(gè)問題已經(jīng)半小時(shí)了。The train steamed into the station.火車吐著氣開進(jìn)了車站。火車吐著氣開進(jìn)了車站。He needled his way through the crowd.他穿過人群。他穿過人群。( 3 )形容詞型形容詞型 ( adjective metaphors ) It is a thorny problemissuesubject. 這是個(gè)棘手的問題這是個(gè)棘手的問題(題目題目) 。The girl is a dead shot.這位姑娘是神槍手這位姑娘是神槍手!He loves a rosy cheek.他喜歡玫瑰色面頰他喜

10、歡玫瑰色面頰。She has a photographic memory for detail.她對細(xì)節(jié)有照相機(jī)般的記憶力。她對細(xì)節(jié)有照相機(jī)般的記憶力。the golden agestormy applauseiron willa silver tonguea biting north wind黃金時(shí)代黃金時(shí)代雷鳴般的掌聲雷鳴般的掌聲鋼鐵般的意志鋼鐵般的意志流利的口才流利的口才刺骨的北風(fēng)刺骨的北風(fēng)Exercise:His speech touched off a stormy protest. 他的演講引起了強(qiáng)烈的抗議。他的演講引起了強(qiáng)烈的抗議。 We regard it as a burni

11、ng shame to have lagged behind.我們把落后看成是奇恥大辱。我們把落后看成是奇恥大辱。他有著極好的時(shí)機(jī)。他有著極好的時(shí)機(jī)。He has a golden opportunity.( 4 ) 副詞型副詞型 ( adverbial metaphors )He flatly refused us.他堅(jiān)決拒絕我們。他堅(jiān)決拒絕我們。Time passed at a snails pace.They escaped by a hairs breadth. 他們死里逃生。他們死里逃生。( 5 )諺語型諺語型 (proverbs serving as metaphors )Give him an inch and he will make a mile. 得寸進(jìn)尺。得寸進(jìn)尺。Look before you leap.三思而后行。三思而后行。Strike the iron while it is hot.趁熱打鐵。趁熱打鐵。A bird in the hand is worth two in the bushwood. 雙鳥在林，不如一鳥在手。雙鳥在林，不如一鳥在手。Do not put the cart before the horse.勿將本末倒置。勿將本末倒置。Do n