中學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精典總結(jié)2.doc

1、42 .計(jì)量表達(dá)法：數(shù)量+單位+形容詞。The building is twenty meters tal./ The street isforty meters wideThe fish is five kilos heavy/ This baby is only six months old若計(jì)量表達(dá)的后面跟有名詞，則要用連字符，單位不用復(fù)數(shù)。They dug an eight-meter-deepiole. /. I bought a 10-kilo-heavy fish.It s a piece2ometer-thick ice. / They built a 50-meter-wid

2、e streetIt stwo-month holiday.（此處計(jì)量中的形容詞10ng可省略。）43 . Must I / May I / Need I ?用法：1Must I球必須嗎？A: Must I finish the work? B: Yes, you must / No, you needn . t2May I 班可以嗎？ A: May I go out for a walk now?B: Yes, you can. / No, you mustn t/can.，t3Need I球有必要嗎？A: Need I clean the house? B: Yes, you must /

3、 No, you needn . t44 .hundred/thousand/million/billion 前有具體數(shù)字，不力口 s及 of.否則加 s,力口 of.如： thousands of trees; many millions of people.nine hundred people.ten thousand student野。但前若有 several后常不力口 s 和 of ： several million pounds45 .反意疑問(wèn)句（QT）部分用法 /something, nothing, anything, everything作主語(yǔ)，QT 主語(yǔ) 用it.Somet

4、hingis wrong, isn it? / Nothing is difficult, is jt?2I think Lucy can do well in the exam, can t she I don think he will come here on time, will he?QT要結(jié)合think后的從句而定。46 祈使句 的 QT 一般用 will you? 而 Let s 用 shall we?Get up now, will you? Don t be noisy, will you?Be quiet, will you? Please don t talk, will

5、 you?Let us do it now, will you? Let do it now, shall we?4There be句型，QT 主語(yǔ)用 there.There is a man working in the field, isn there?There used to be a meeting on Fridaydidn there?There wori tbe a movie in the theatrewill there?46 .put on, wear, dress, in: 1put on, “穿上”后接物。表彳T為，是短暫動(dòng)詞。You shouldput on yo

6、ur coat when you leave.2wear, “穿，穿著”后接物，表狀態(tài)，是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。He always wears the yellow sweater in winter. /I like wearing beautiful clothes.3dress, “給穿衣”后接人。You can dressyourself baby.Lucy is dressing her little brother now.be dressed in后常接具有某種特征的衣物。The lady is dressed ina white skirt / white.可直接加表顏色的詞。4in,

7、“穿著”后接具有某種特征的衣物，表狀態(tài)，是介詞，不可作謂語(yǔ)，可作狀語(yǔ)。The woman in a white skirt is my teacher.Do you know the girl in a red coat? I ve seen the boyyellow47 .虛擬語(yǔ)氣部分用法：在非真實(shí)條件句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即if從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而主句動(dòng)詞用would/should+i詞原形,表示與現(xiàn)在相反的主觀設(shè)想，也可以表示在 說(shuō)話人看來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性很小的情況。（注意：虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的be動(dòng)詞都要用were.）If there were no air, people would die.

8、（W現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 ）If I got_ rich, I would travel around the world.（可能性彳艮?。?8.other/others/the other/the others/another1如果不特定指出哪一個(gè)，是泛指，“另一個(gè)”要用another,后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。If you are still thirsty, you may have anothercupof tea.（沒(méi)特定指出哪杯茶， 是泛指。 cup 是單數(shù)。）another 也可 + 數(shù)字 + 可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)：The meeting will last another two hours. / We

9、need another six desks2如果只有兩個(gè)或只有兩部分，就給出了范圍，其中另一個(gè)或另一部分是特指（other前有the.）,有如下用法：第一種，所說(shuō)內(nèi)容只有兩個(gè)：Mrs. Green has two sonsone is interested in math,the other （one / son）s good at science. 【只有兩個(gè)，用the other,不加s,后面名詞可省略?！?又如：This pair of shoes isstrange. One is blue, yetthe other is green.這雙鞋子很怪，一只藍(lán)色，而另一只綠色。第二種，

10、只有兩部分：此種情況下the other后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),或不接名詞而只在the other后力口 s. Two fifths of the students in our class are boysthe other studentsare girls / the othersare girls. Two children went, but the others stayed.（其他孩子者 B 留下了。 ） 3如果沒(méi)有顯示出只有兩部分，未給出范圍，則是 泛指，不加the.Lei Feng liked helping other people/ othersHave you any oth

11、er questionsAlice didn t like that dress, so she asked to seeothmrs4other的另一用法：用比較級(jí)的形式，體現(xiàn)最高級(jí)的含義。He is taller than any other boy in his class.劃線中 boy 用單數(shù)）=He is taller than all the other boys in his class.劃線中 boy 用復(fù)數(shù)）他比班里任何男孩都高（他是班里男孩中最高的）。49 .how long/how often/how soon/how far： how long 是對(duì)長(zhǎng)度或時(shí)間段提問(wèn)。

12、How 10ngis the river? -It s 5,000 kilometers long.How 10ng have you lived there? -For five months. / Since 2002.2how often是對(duì)頻率提問(wèn), 如：never, sometimes, often, usually, always, once a week, twice a day, three times a year, every da殍。How often do you watch TV? -Every two days. / Twice a week【若只有次數(shù)，則用how

13、 many times提問(wèn)：How many times do you watch TV a week? -Twice. / only once.3how soon是對(duì)“in +時(shí)間段”提問(wèn)：How soon will you return to Beijing?-In a week./ In two days.4how far是對(duì)時(shí)間段s + walk/ride/driv或計(jì)量表達(dá)提問(wèn)。-How far is it from your home to the school?-Five minutes walkn hour s rideThirteen minutes drive或者說(shuō)：It

14、s abou20 kilometers （far） away.（問(wèn)和回答不同。）50 .分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá):二分之一 :half a/an或a half.如：half an hour= a half hour半小日寸It s half past seven略冠詞）以下情況中，分子（基數(shù)詞）若超過(guò)一，分母（序數(shù)詞）需加s：三分之一 :a /one third 三分之二:two thirds四分之一 :a/one fourth 或 a/one quarter四分之三:three fourths 或 three quarters.五分之一 ：a/one fifth五分之二：two fifths 其它類推。若分

15、數(shù)所在of短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)依of后的名詞而定：Two fifths of the students are on time.（指名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂用復(fù) ）Two fifths of the land js polluted.（指不可數(shù)時(shí)，謂用單）51 .到達(dá)：1get to + 地點(diǎn) get to Shanghai/London/China接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，不帶 to. get there/home/here.2arrive in+大地點(diǎn)(Beijing/Zhengzhou), arrive at+小地點(diǎn)(school/hospital), arrive 只作不 及物動(dòng)詞。所以也可單獨(dú)用：Please

16、 ring me up when you arrive.reach只作及物動(dòng)詞，后直接加地點(diǎn)：reach Beijing/England但常不說(shuō) reach home/there/here.52 .感嘆句：What +名詞短語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！What lazy boys(they are)! What hard work! What good newsWhat a good idea What bad weather (it is)! What a pity!How +形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！How hard the work is! How fast he runs! How rude yo

17、u are!How carefully they are listening! How bad the weather is!53 .because/ instead / oulf與加 of 的區(qū)另：because后接句子，because of接名詞或代詞。He didn t corbecausehe was ill. / because ohis illness.2instead是副詞，單獨(dú)在句尾。instead of還要接名詞或代詞。We didn t have rice, we had noodiesstead / instead oft.3out副詞，可單獨(dú)用，但若接地點(diǎn)，先加 of.

18、(也可作介詞，“向外”，可不加of. 一般不要求掌握。)He went oui early.或 He went out of the houseearly.54 .too much, too manyW much too:much too “過(guò)于，加形容詞或副詞原級(jí)。much toobig/slowly等。too much “太多的”，加不可數(shù)名詞。too muchwork/rain等。too many “太多的“，力口可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。too manybooks/peopl巡。55 . alone / lonely: lalone, “獨(dú)自一人;單獨(dú)”不含感情色彩?？僧?dāng)形容詞，但只在系動(dòng)詞后 作表語(yǔ)

19、：Jack is alone.杰克是單身。The old woman is alone in the house.那位老婦一個(gè)人在屋里?？僧?dāng)副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞：She lives alone.她獨(dú)居。Can you move the stone aJone?你能獨(dú)自搬動(dòng)那塊兒石頭嗎？Dick is walking on the beach_a!one.狄克獨(dú)自在海灘漫步。(注意：不可說(shuō) very alone.但可說(shuō) very much alone.是特例)2lonely, “孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的”帶有傷感色彩。 只當(dāng)形容詞?？稍谙祫?dòng)詞后作 表語(yǔ)：The old man is loney.這位老人是孤獨(dú)的

20、。He has many relatives, but heeelslonely.他有很多親戚，但感到孤獨(dú)。(lonely 和心理感受有關(guān)，而alone和心理感受無(wú)關(guān)。）也可在名詞前作 定語(yǔ)：a lonely person一位孤獨(dú)的人a lonely village 一個(gè)偏僻的村莊（alone不可作定語(yǔ)）56 .belong to與 be: This suit belongs to me /Lucy /my brother.（人） This suit is mine /Lucy /my brother /hers （某物是 某人的）57 .by 常見(jiàn)用法：1 “通過(guò) I study Engli

21、sh by memorizing grammar. You can know it by looking it up in a dictionary. He travels by bike.2 “截止到 Will you finish the task by tomorrow?The train had left by the time he got there.3 “被 This novel was written by Lu Xun.4 “經(jīng)過(guò) He passedby me without noticing me.5 ”在旁邊“ Sit by me. They are playing by

22、 the river.58.部分用 in 的短語(yǔ)：in English, in a good way, in a hurry,in pen / ink （見(jiàn) 105）, in the day（見(jiàn) 92）, in different sizes, in different shapes, in a difficult situation , in good health, in a red coat / in red（KL 46）, in style, in the open air（露天場(chǎng)所） 59.比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)部分要點(diǎn)：1不規(guī)則形式或易錯(cuò)形式：much/man尸 morefmostbad/

23、badly/ill f worse worstfarffarther/furtherffarthest/furthestlittle f lesa leastfewffewerffewestoldfolder/elderf oldest/eldest以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞常把-ly換成-lier/-liest.2常見(jiàn)比較級(jí)/最高級(jí)句型：He runs fasterthan me.（有than）He did better than any other student in the school.參照 48）Tom is the cleverest boy in his class （某個(gè)范圍內(nèi)）He

24、 is the taller of the two （boys）（兩者，此句型中加 the）He is the tallest of the three （boys）（三者）Which is better, tea or milk?（兩者選擇）Which is the best, tea, milk or water?（三者選擇）It s tsecondlongest river in China.（序數(shù)詞后用最高級(jí)。）3 “越來(lái)越”比較級(jí)+and +比較級(jí)He cried harder and harder. She is gettingtaller and taller.類似:bigger

25、 and bigger / happier and happier / fatter and fatter/ stronger and stronger / richer and richer worse and worse 另一種情況： more and more beautiful / slowly / carefully /4 越，越” “the+比較級(jí)”分別置于兩句的開(kāi)頭，倒裝。The more difficult English is, the harder you should study.The younger we are, the more energy we have.Th

26、e more you eat, the fatter you will get.5 越來(lái)越多的 ” more and more 用詞More and more people are getting richer and richer.We need more and moredesks / paper / trees / water .6 ”得多” much +形容詞/副詞比較級(jí) This room is much bigger than that one.類彳以： much taller/fatter/younger/heavier/faster/earlier/better以及：much

27、morecareful/difficult/tiring/similar/mysterious7 另外的（個(gè)）結(jié)構(gòu)：數(shù)量+ more +名詞one moretowel, three more suits, many more tiles,much more truth, some moremeat, a lot more wood, a little more experience, once more= one more time = again.這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可用another +數(shù)字+名詞替代：five more trees = another five trees （記住詞的位置）60

28、 .talk, tell, say, speak:1talk 只作不及物動(dòng)詞。Don talk in class.Shall we talk about our English study?He is talking with his teacherMay I talk to you?（talk with/to sb talk about sth）2tell只作及物動(dòng)詞，“告訴；講”。常接雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)。Mr. Li told us an interesting story. Who told you the news?3say 必須接有 內(nèi)容。Please_sayit in English. He

29、 said nothing.“I disagree with you.said Tom. What will you say?say 若接 sb,貝需先力口 to: I must say sorryjoyou.“I overslept this morning. to me said4speak “說(shuō)話”不及物動(dòng)詞。 He spoke too fast for me to follow.接人時(shí)先加介詞 to. May I speak to Mr. Smith?可表說(shuō)話的能力。 The baby can speak now.There is something wrong with his th

30、roat, he can speak. t“演講，發(fā)言 Who will speak in the meeting?“說(shuō)”可作及物動(dòng)詞。61 o sometimes/some times/sometime/some time:sometimes: “有時(shí)” =at times. He is imes late for school.some times: “幾次 I have been to Nanjing some times.sometime: “某時(shí)亥I bought it sometime last spring.We ll meet again sometime next weeks

31、ome time: 段時(shí)間“ We have to stay here for some time.62 .need的用法：1need可當(dāng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（和can等用法類似，但need只用于疑問(wèn)句或否 定句中）：Need I go now? （need 在一般疑問(wèn)句的開(kāi)頭）I needn tell you the answer.（否定句中直接在need后加not）【當(dāng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，need無(wú)時(shí)態(tài)變化?！?need可當(dāng)行為動(dòng)詞（和want等用法類似）：He needsa bike.（后可直接加名詞）I need to go over my lessons.后接帶 to 不定式）Do you need t

32、o have a rest?（一般疑問(wèn)句中 do, does, did 在旬首）We don t neeto wait for her coming.（否定句中 do,does,did提前）【注：need后接表被動(dòng)的內(nèi)容時(shí)，可表達(dá)為：The TV needs to be repaired. = The TV needs repairing.63 .do with與deal with:都譯為“處理，對(duì)付，安排，應(yīng)付”What have you done with the milk? 用 what 提問(wèn)。How shall we deal with this problem? 用 how提問(wèn)。下面

33、兩句由此而來(lái)：Could you tell me what to do with the milk?Could you tell me how to deal with this problem?64 .就近原則：常見(jiàn)的有：Either you or Lucy is wrong.There is a dog and two cats in the yard. （there be句型）Not only you but （also） lam strict in the work.Neither you nor Lucy has seen the film before.65 .主謂一致：One/N

34、either of you is right. （單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)）Tom, with his friends, has gone.（主語(yǔ)是 Tom, 單數(shù)i胃語(yǔ)）This pair of shoes looks beautiful.（主語(yǔ)是 pair, 單數(shù)i胃語(yǔ)）The shoeslook beautiful.（主語(yǔ)無(wú) pair,復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)）Every boy and every girl has a chance to do it.（單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)）The old need to be looked after carefully.The youngare energetic.（the加形容詞表一類人，

35、謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)）Mr. and Mrs Green are from America.指格林夫婦（復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)）The teacher and writers an able man旨教師兼作家，一個(gè)人，單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)。Both you and I are excited about the news.（復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)）the number of 與 a number of 參見(jiàn) 39.（分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)見(jiàn) 50）66 .quite/such/really用法之一：如果出現(xiàn)不定冠詞時(shí)，常放在后面。It s quite an yeasiestion. He is quite a clever boy.It s such a

36、n important less on見(jiàn) 33） Lily is really a lazy girl.67 .部分用what提問(wèn)的句型：What size do you want? What will you do with the problem?What s theopulation of China? What day is it today?What sie date today?What s therice of this one?68 .there be部分用法：IThere is only a studenttaking notes now.There is no need t

37、o open the box. There are 20 trees to be planted.2 常有以下結(jié)構(gòu):there may/will/must/is going to/used to/ be. 3there be中不可再出現(xiàn)have/has/had（1）的詞。另一用法見(jiàn)45。69 .常見(jiàn)表否定的詞或短語(yǔ) :no, not, hardly, few, little, neither, nor, nothing, nobody, none, nowhere 等.有些有時(shí)在某些句型中也相當(dāng)于否定，如 without, too to without anything, too tired

38、to go any further但前綴如dis-, un-, in-或后綴如-less并不表否定。70 .常見(jiàn)后接動(dòng)詞原形的詞或短語(yǔ)：why not / had better / please /would you please / let / make /情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，等等?！咀⒁夥穸ㄐ问剑篽ad better/ would you please/ letft接力口 not + 動(dòng)原；而 please力口 don + 動(dòng)原】71 .常見(jiàn)后接動(dòng)詞 ing 的詞或短語(yǔ)：finish /enjoy /practice /give up /end up /put off /consider /keep

39、 /feel like /prefer/to /can t helpbe busy /be worth /take turns /miss錯(cuò)過(guò)）/spend /have fun 介詞等。72 .常見(jiàn)后接帶 to 不定式的詞或短語(yǔ)：want /hope /wish /allow /encourage /ask /tell /pretend /decide /plan/invite /urge/ advise/warn/ seem /in order 妁了） /疑問(wèn)詞， 等等。 另外，it 作形式主語(yǔ)，后也常有帶to不定式。 【否定：以上大多詞 + not + to do sth】73 .被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

40、（be +v過(guò)去分詞）用法：I did it. 一 It was done.雙賓：He told us a storyWe were told a storyA story was told to us. She passed me a pen.f I was passed a perrA pen was passed to me. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：We can make a plan.fA plan can be made.進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài):Tom is writing a letter.一A letter is being whtten by Tom.完成時(shí)態(tài)：I have finished the w

41、ork. fThe work has been finished.74 .名詞或所屬格作定語(yǔ)：1強(qiáng)調(diào)性別時(shí) a man doctor/two men doctors ;a womanteacher/ six women teachers被修飾詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，性別也用單數(shù)；被修飾詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，性別也用復(fù)數(shù)。2a girl actor / four girl actors a boy player / two boy players a bus station / some busstations 復(fù)數(shù)只變被修飾的詞。3a boysteam / agentlemen holiday / the Teac

42、hers Day /the Children s Dayl數(shù) + 6作定語(yǔ)，譯為“的4Father s Day / Mother stDhy單數(shù) + s 作定語(yǔ)。（附：and連接的名詞所屬格：Lucy s and Ann fathers are workers.分別是兩個(gè)人的爸爸，所以應(yīng)分別加“ ”sLucy and Ann father is very interesting.兩個(gè)人共有的爸爸，所以在兩人后只加一個(gè) a ）S 。）75 .win與 beat區(qū)另卜 win 后力口物：I m sure Jim wwin the match We won the first place in th

43、e sports meeting.而 beat后力口的是人：I m afrd they will beat usI hope we can beatthe boys team（男子隊(duì)，相當(dāng)于人。）76 .it/that/one的部分用法：lit指上文的某個(gè)事物，和上文是同一個(gè)。This book is veryuseful. I will take good care of it.it 也可指上文所說(shuō)的事： My son has lost himself in the computer games m worried about it. 2that與上文所說(shuō)是同一類，但不是同一個(gè)，常指不可數(shù)名

44、詞。The food inChina is quite different from that in America. The weather of Hainan is better thanthat of Gansu. that 也可指上文所說(shuō)的事： A: I had an accident and broke my legsB: I m sorry to hear that. 3one指代上文所說(shuō)的某類可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，但不是同一個(gè)物。Thissweater is too expensive, do you have anotheone?（也指毛衣， 但不是上文那個(gè) ）77 .at/by th

45、e end of, in the end 的區(qū)別:1at the end of +寸問(wèn)點(diǎn)或地點(diǎn),“在的盡頭,在的末尾”They will have a sports meeting at the end oMarch .（力口時(shí)間）He put some books at the end ofhe bed （力口地點(diǎn)）2by the end of +B寸問(wèn)點(diǎn),“截止到一末”若接過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)：They had planted six thousand trees by the end of last month 若接將來(lái)的時(shí)間，常用一般將來(lái)時(shí)： We shall finish t

46、he work by the end of next month3in the end 最后，后不力口 of 短語(yǔ)：They wanted to find a place to rest in, in the end they saw a village.78 .have gone to/have been to/have been :ilhave gone to+ft,點(diǎn) 已去了（還未回來(lái)）-I can t find those children, where are they?-They have gone to the farm.去了農(nóng)場(chǎng)，不在這JL ）2have been to地點(diǎn)“去

47、過(guò)（原來(lái)去過(guò)，現(xiàn)在已回）”句尾常接次數(shù)或多個(gè)地點(diǎn)或 before, 或旬 中常有 ever, neve咻。She has been to QingdaOhree times I have been totwo big cities Have you been to Dalianbefore? I have never/everbeen to Dalian.I have never been therebefore （止匕短語(yǔ)省略了 to）3have been in碘點(diǎn)，“已在（多久了）”句尾常接for+時(shí)間段，或since +寸問(wèn)點(diǎn)/一般 過(guò)去時(shí)的句子。Peter has been in Ch

48、infor a long timeI ve been herefor 2 hourSsince 2 hours ago止匕短語(yǔ)省略了 in）79 .all/whole用法:all （of） the land / all （of） the class /包l （of）the studentsall 在定冠 詞 the 前】 the whole school / the whole country / the whole area【whole 在定冠詞 the80 .a bit / a little區(qū)別：都可作副詞，后直接加形容詞和副詞。I， m bit / a little hungry.She

49、 feels a bit / a little tired.也可作代詞或形容詞，后接名詞時(shí)有所不同：I have only a little drink. She ate a littlebread and went out.（a little 直接加名詞）而下文：I have only a bit of drink.She ate a bit ofbread and went out. （a bit 先力口 of 再加名詞）81 .“擅長(zhǎng)”與“不擅長(zhǎng)”；“對(duì)有利”與“對(duì)有害”：“擅長(zhǎng) ：be good at / do well in“不擅長(zhǎng)” ：be bad in / be poor in

50、/ be weak in / do badly in“對(duì)有禾：be good for 對(duì)有害” ：be bad for82 .表數(shù)量的詞和短語(yǔ)的部分用法：1none / all / some / most / plenty of / a lot of （lots of）后既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。2many / （a） few / a number of / several只接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。3much / （a） little / a bit of只接不可數(shù)名詞。83 .易用錯(cuò)的副詞：Ireally可修飾動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞，常在它們前面。I really love reading.

51、 I really miss you.（修飾動(dòng)詞）Tom speaksreally quickly.湯姆說(shuō)得非?？?。（修飾副詞）It resally kind of you.你真好。（修飾形容詞）2very much 常修飾動(dòng)詞 want, miss, hate, love, like, dislike, enjoy, take afte陳:得像）， move（使感動(dòng)），exdte（使激動(dòng)）等等。常在旬尾。Jack wants to go there very much. 杰克很想去那兒。I hate reciting the words very much.我彳艮討厭背單詞。He enjoy

52、ed the film very much. 他彳艮喜歡這部電影。He takes after his mother very much.他長(zhǎng)得彳艮像他媽媽。（very much 不可、飾形容詞和副詞:Im happy very much. He is lucky very much.都是錯(cuò)送的。）3very修飾形容詞和副詞，放在它們前面：She is very kind. I am very happy.Peter speaksvery slowly.（very不可修飾動(dòng)詞：I very like English. He very misses you等類似結(jié)構(gòu)都是錯(cuò)誤的。）84 .常用于現(xiàn)

53、在完成時(shí)的詞或短語(yǔ)：for （后加時(shí)間段，句中謂語(yǔ)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）；since （后加時(shí)間點(diǎn)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子，主句謂語(yǔ)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）；How 10ng （對(duì)時(shí)間段或for與since引導(dǎo)的內(nèi)容提問(wèn)，句中謂語(yǔ)也用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）in/all one sQife某人一 生）；in/during the past/las+時(shí)間段（在最近的時(shí)間內(nèi)）;so far （到目前為止）；yet（用于句尾，用在疑問(wèn)句或否定句中）；already （用于句中或句尾，用在肯定的陳述句 中）；ever； never； just； before（單獨(dú)用在句子末尾，常用此時(shí)態(tài)。但若時(shí)間段加before,常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)）以及r

54、ecently等.85 .形容詞與副詞區(qū)別：1形容詞修飾名詞，作定語(yǔ)（劃線部分）：She is a kind girl.What bad weather!I bought a new bike.形容詞可疝示動(dòng)詞后，作表IT （劃線部分）：一The girl is kind. His face turned red. It tastessweet.2副詞（劃而分）修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞Tim司，也可修而小句子。He ran quickly. Pleasespeak loudly. Tim lives alone.修飾動(dòng)詞She is very angry. He felt too tired. I m

55、o lucky. 修飾形容詞He got up quite early. She did it very well. 修飾副詞Unluckily, I failed the English exam 修飾整個(gè)句子86 .everyday與 every day: everyday是形容詞，后接名詞，“日常的“。He is practicingeveryday English.every day是副詞，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，“每天” We speak English every day.87 .everyone與every oneeveryone “每個(gè)人；大家；所有人”，只指人。后不接of短 語(yǔ)。Ever

56、yone is here except Tom.2every one “每一個(gè)”既可指人，也可指物。后要接 of短語(yǔ)。Every one of ushas a dictionary. Every one of the treesis tall.88 .none與no one 1no one “沒(méi)有一人” 只指人，后不接of短語(yǔ)。No one has been to Beihai Park. No one told us about it.（以上因后面無(wú)of短語(yǔ)，故不用none）2none “沒(méi)有人；沒(méi)有任何東西”既可指人，也可指物；既可指可數(shù)名詞，也可指不可 數(shù)名詞。后常接of短語(yǔ)。None

57、of the children has/have been to Beihai Park.（此處指人。因后有of短語(yǔ)，故不用no oneA: How many elephantsdid you see there? B: None.（對(duì)話中none單獨(dú)用，指物，不用no one.）89 .乘交通工具之表達(dá):1by bike/ car/ sea（ship）/ air（plane）（無(wú)冠詞）2on a horseback his bike /the plane /a ship（有冠詞或限定詞）3in his/a car （car 前用 in） 4on foot 5 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ):ride a bike /a horse; dr