2022屆北京市華師一附朝陽(yáng)學(xué)校高三英語(yǔ)平時(shí)測(cè)試（19）B卷

1、華師一附朝陽(yáng)學(xué)校2022屆高三英語(yǔ)平時(shí)測(cè)試（19）B卷第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AExperience College at HarvardChallenge yourself in college-level academics. Meet new friends from around the world. Strengthen your college application. And, build important life skills th

2、at can make your future college experience a success.Pre-College ProgramAn intense and exciting glimpse into the college experience. During this intensive two-week program, you will take the first steps toward your college journey alongside a diverse group of exceptional high school students.l Chall

3、enge yourself in a college course taught by Harvard faculty and affiliates, without the pressure of grades.l Engage with your peers in structured co-curricular activities, college readiness workshops, and social events.l Two weeks, non-creditSecondary School ProgramImmerse yourself in college life f

4、or seven weeks! In this dynamic seven-week program, you can earn college credit while experiencing firsthand what its really like to be a college student.l Choose one or two college-level classes that delve deeply into subjects that really excite you and may not be offered in high school.l Prepare f

5、or the future as you experience what its really like to balance responsibility with independence in one of three program formats online, commuting, or residential.l Seven weeks, college creditApplication is now open for both high school programs! See program calendars for important dates and deadlin

6、es.To get our updates, join our mailing list for helpful information and important deadlines. Start your education journey today! 21. What can we learn about the two programs?A. All the learning activities take place online. B. They are required procedures for college application.C. They challenge t

7、he students with college-level courses. D. Students can earn college credits after learning the two programs. 22. According to this passage, applicants can _.A. start to apply for both programs now B. pay for the program calendars from todayC. apply for the programs throughout the year D. download a

8、 mailing list to get helpful updates23. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To raise money for Harvard Summer Programs.B. To show the diverse courses in Harvard University.C. To share the college learning experience with readers.D. To introduce Harvard Summer Programs for high school students.BGo

9、lden GirlMy mother looks just like many grandmothers. She is short, plump, and white-haired. Shes rosy-cheeked and cheerful, and when she laughs her eyes almost seem to disappear behind those chubby cheeks. She comes from an old, traditional Catholic family. She was a career civil servant. In short,

10、 she didnt do crazy stuff.That all changed a few years ago. She began to surprise my older brother and me with what she described as “independence.” At the time, we merely saw them as examples of irresponsibility and possibly age-related questionable judgment. In the year she turned 75, she informed

11、 us shed booked a seven-night trip to Turkey. A vulnerable little old lady wandering on her own, not knowing the language and customsThere was no way we could allow that! She paid no attention to us and off she went. She hired a taxi driver who showed her around, and bought some rugs from a vendor,

12、who promised to ship the rugs home and apparently struck up quite a friendship with her.We couldnt believe how naive she was and explained that she had been tricked. However, her rugs arrived some weeks later. As did a lovely note from Mustafa. To our even greater surprise, the following year Mustaf

13、a himself arrived, and promptly called our mother to inform her of that fact. At 77, she did a similar thing while on a Caribbean cruise with her younger sister. She wandered off on her own, and had a motorcycle rickshaw driver “show her around the island” for several hours. Still, her 80th birthday

14、 was when she really outdid herself. During the birthday lunch with her family, Mom informed us that she decided she had to get her first tattoo. It seemed so absurd we didnt believe it. Six days later, she had a tasteful butterfly on the outside of her left ankle. My brother and I wondered: Had she

15、 become addlebrained (糊涂)? But Mom proved that she was thinking straighter than most of us. Her seek of independence seems to be thoughtfully based on a realization that life is to be lived, and when theres relatively little of it left, it needs to be lived now. I dont think Mom knows what her next

16、big “thing” is. Shes a little old lady who sits in her apartment, but she wont sit still much longer.24. What was the reason the author and his elder brother believed for Moms changes?A. Her age-related decline. B. Her changeable personality. C. Her Catholic family background. D. Her retirement from

17、 her job as a civil servant.25. Why did Mustafa show up immediately he arrived Canada?A. To sell rugs again to Mom. B. To pay a visit to his friend. C. To give Mom a rug as a gift. D. To collect money from last trip.26. What can we conclude from this passage?A. An old in a home is like a treasure of

18、 a family.B. It is never too late to live our lives to the fullest. C. Its not acceptable to get a tattoo when people turn eighty.D. One should always seek adventures with strangers or in strange places.CSix-year-old Alice is building a magical kingdom brick by brick, imagining fairy-tale castles an

19、d fire-breathing dragons, bad witches and brave heroes. This fantasy is helping her take her first steps towards her capacity for creativity. Minutes later, Alice has abandoned the kingdom in favour of playing schools with her younger brother. When she bosses him around as his “teacher”, shes practi

20、sing how to regulate her emotions through pretense. Later on, when they tire of this and settle down with a board game, shes learning about the need to follow rules and take turns with a partner. Although she isnt aware of it, this will play an important role in her adult life.“Play in all its rich

21、variety is one of the highest achievements of the human species,” says Dr. David Whitebread from the University of Cambridge. It underpins how we develop as intellectual, problem-solving adults and is crucial to our success as a highly adaptable species. Recognising the importance of play is not new

22、: over two millennia ago, the Greek philosopher Plato extolled its virtues as a means of developing skills for adult life, and ideas about play-based learning have been developing since the 19th century. But we live in changing times, and Whitebread is mindful of a worldwide decline in play, pointin

23、g out that over half the people in the world now live in cities. Whitebread, Baker, Gibson and a team of researchers hope to provide evidence on the role played by play in how a child develops.“A strong possibility is that play supports the early development of childrens self-control. This is our ab

24、ility to develop awareness of our own thinking processes. It influences how effectively we go about undertaking challenging activities,” explains Baker. In a study carried out by Baker with toddlers and young preschoolers, she found that children with greater self-control solved problems more quickl

25、y when exploring an unfamiliar set-up requiring scientific reasoning. Gibson said, “Playful behaviour is also an important indicator of healthy social and emotional development. In my previous research, I investigated how observing children at play can give us important clues about their well-being

26、and can even be useful in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism (自閉癥).”Whitebreads recent research has involved developing a play-based approach to supporting childrens writing. “Many primary school children find writing difficult, but we showed in a previous study that a playful

27、 stimulus was far more effective than an instructional one. Children wrote longer and better-structured stories when they first played with dolls representing characters in the story. Somehow the importance of play has been lost in recent decades. Its regarded as something trivial, or even as someth

28、ing negative that contrasts with “work”. Lets not lose sight of its benefits, and the fundamental contributions it makes to human achievements in the arts, sciences and technology. Lets make sure children have a rich diet of play experiences. 27. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To illu

29、strate the benefits of too much spare time. B. To describe a kids peaceful and happy childhood.C. To present the importance of a rich variety of play.D. To introduce the distinctive functions of different toys.28. What does the underlined word “underpins” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Weakens. B.

30、Reinforces. C. Investigates. D. Influences.29. What has Whitebreads recent research found out?A. Children with greater self-control solve problems faster.B. Children at play often show hints about their well-being. C. Students write better when they integrate work with play. D. Play promotes healthy

31、 social and emotional development. 30. How does the author feel about current peoples awareness of play? A. Curious. B. Satisfied. C. Cheerful. D. Concerned.DThe car has reshaped our cities. It seems to offer autonomy for everyone. There is something almost delightful in the separation from reality

32、of advertisements showing mass-produced cars marketed as symbols of individuality and of freedom when most of their lives will be spent making short journeys on choked roads.Despite top speeds and cornering ability advertised, the most useful gadgets on a modern car are those which work when youre g

33、oing very slowly: parking sensors, sound systems, and navigation apps which will show a way around upcoming traffic jams. These apps know where almost all the users are, and how fast they are moving almost all the time, they can spot traffic congestion (堵塞) very quickly and suggest ways round it.The

34、 problem comes when everyone is using a navigation app which tells them to avoid everyone else using the same gadget. Traffic jams often appear where no one has enough information to avoid them. When a lucky few have access to the knowledge, they will benefit greatly. But when everyone has perfect i

35、nformation, traffic jams simply spread onto the side roads that seem to offer a way round them.This new congestion teaches us two things. The first is that the promises of technology will never be realised as fully as we hope. They will be limited by their unforeseen and unintended consequences. Sit

36、ting in a more comfortable car in a different traffic jam is pleasant but hardly the liberation that once seemed to be promised. The second is that self-organisation will not get us where we want to go. The efforts of millions of drivers to get ahead do not miraculously produce a situation in which

37、everyone does better than before, but one in which almost everyone does rather worse. Central control and collective organization can produce smoother and fairer outcomes, though even that much is never guaranteed.Similar limits can be foreseen for the much greater advances promised by self-driving cars. One autonomously operated car by the taxi company Uber struck and killed a woman pushing her bicycle across a wide road in Arizona. Experts have said that it suggests a “catastrophic failure" of technology.Increasingly, even the top tech-compa