英語報刊選讀(第一冊)參考答案

1、英語報刊 選讀 Journalistic Reading教師用書 Teachers Book總主編 王嘉褆主編 林玫 劉雁BOOK ONE3UNIT 1 Campus3UNIT 2 Entertainment5UNIT 3 Entertainment6UNIT 4 Food8UNIT 5 Crime9UNIT 6 Disaster11UNIT 7 Sports13UNIT 8 Art14UNIT 9 Economy16UNIT 10 Ecology18UNIT 11 Health20UNIT12 Automobile & Driving22UNIT 13 Quality problem

2、s24UNIT 14 Shopping26UNIT 15 Gun control28UNIT 16 Psychology2930Book 3 BOOK ONEUNIT 1 CampusI Vocabulary Builder1. Definition1) chaotic: extremely disorganized; badly organized; be in mess2) primary: main; most important; key; major; chief; prime; principal 3) seduce: attract; tempt4) highlight: the

3、 most important, interesting, or enjoyable part of something such as a holiday, performance, or sports competition5) reluctant: unwilling6) compelling: very interesting or exciting, so that you have to pay attention7) reveal: show; indicate8) mainstream: accepted by or involving most people in a soc

4、iety; normal; ordinary9) critical: important; crucial 10) evolution: a long, gradual process during which something develops and changes, usually becoming more advanced; a gradual change and development2. Terms translation1) a bipartisan consensus2) high school diploma3) drop-out rate4) college wage

5、 premium5) the K-12 system6) more academically rigorous7) well-rounded citizens8) certification tests9) career and technical education3. Blank filling1) persevered 2) persisted 3) insisted 4) insisted5) persevere6) agony7) adversity8) torment9) plight10) assure/reassure11) insure/ensure12) insure13)

6、 insure/ensure14) assured/reassuredII Translation1.2. 選擇圣路易斯的華盛頓大學(xué)是個不錯的決定，但真正讓我享受到理想大學(xué)生活的，（不是大學(xué)本身）是我到了大學(xué)后作的一些決定。3. 人類進(jìn)化這門課本來是我迫于學(xué)校規(guī)定選的，但它卻成了我所有課程中最大的亮點(diǎn)，這都要?dú)w功于上課精彩絕倫的授課教授。4.5. 我花了好幾周時間在一堆堆的非主流音樂垃圾中尋找，試圖找到鮮為人知卻適合的音樂。然后我就決定離開這個不欣賞搖滾樂的電臺。6. 4. 據(jù)估計，在2007年大多數(shù)二十歲左右的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生所作的工作都不需要大學(xué)學(xué)歷，這再一次證明了我們把孩子送進(jìn)大學(xué)，他們畢業(yè)時

7、除了滿身的債務(wù)卻一無所得5. 但至少一個大學(xué)文憑部分的、也可能是大部分的表面價值反應(yīng)了一個事實(shí)，就是雇主可以用大學(xué)文憑來粗略判斷求職者有努力工作的智力和意愿。III Comprehension of the Texts1. Q & A1) Para. 1: The author suffered a lot in high school, and she hoped all her hardship could be paid back by having a good time in college.2) Because she could not find a group she

8、belonged to.3) That requires being open to people with whom you might never have expected to get along. 4) These two lecture titles are opposite examples to illustrate that the students should focus on the lecturer rather than the title of a course when they make a choice. 5) Because they were repre

9、sentatives of the two political parties in America and their attitudes toward the college education were the same, which illustrates the argument of Paragraph one: there is a bipartisan consensus on the high value of college education. 6) There are two indications. One sign is the high college drop-

10、out rate 40% of kids who enroll in college don't get a degree within six years. The other sign is that in 2007, most people in their 20s who had college degrees were not in jobs that required them.7) Employers can use it as a rough measure of job applicants' intelligence and willingness to w

11、ork hard.8) There are four alternatives. 1. online learning; 2. certification tests; 3. career and technical education; 4. occupational licensure rules could be relaxed to create opportunities for people without formal education.UNIT 2 EntertainmentI Vocabulary Builder1. Definition1) lingering: cont

12、inuing to exist for longer than usual or desirable2) preteen: relating to or made for children who are 11 or 12 years old3) build out: to enlarge the scale of the original building4) feud: long and bitter quarrel between two people, families or groups5) property: thing(s) that someone owns6) feature

13、: to show a film, play etc.7) franchise: formal permission to sell a company's goods or services in a particular area8) premium: an additional amount of money, above a standard rate or amount9) speculation: guess10) credit: attribute sth to sb/sth11) pump up: informal to increase the value, amou

14、nt, or level of something12) rampant: (of disease, crime, etc) flourishing excessively; unrestrained2. Blank filling1) inherit 2) cut a deal 3) transaction 4) unparalleled5) portfolios6) territory7) platform8) prescription9) reckoned10) incessant II Sentence Translation1. 同樣重要的是，這次交易為迪斯尼引入了以13-19歲青少

15、年男孩們?yōu)槟繕?biāo)的品牌。以前迪斯尼為11-12歲的女孩子們提供大量的Hannah Montana娃娃衣服，向更小的孩子們推銷米奇和米妮玩具，可青少年男孩一直是他們客戶群中的缺口。2. 這次交易結(jié)合了驚奇公司強(qiáng)大的全球品牌和許多世界聞名的人物形象，包括鋼鐵俠、蜘蛛俠、X戰(zhàn)警、美國上尉、神奇四俠和雷神，以及迪斯尼創(chuàng)新的技術(shù)，在全球范圍內(nèi)無以倫比的娛樂資產(chǎn)投資組合，以及一個可以通過多種平臺和領(lǐng)域最大化創(chuàng)新資產(chǎn)價值的商業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。3. 杰克遜演藝經(jīng)歷的長度使他得以體驗(yàn)、推廣甚至創(chuàng)新了許多技巧，可以幫助藝人們憑借音樂才能獲利。 4. 在他事業(yè)的高峰，杰克遜先生和他的經(jīng)理人團(tuán)隊精明地計算出，流行樂的價值不僅僅和

16、唱片銷量捆綁在一起，也和唱片版權(quán)息息相關(guān)。5. 隨著唱片收入隨著銷量下滑，盜版猖獗，數(shù)字分銷而大幅下滑，現(xiàn)場演唱會重新成為流行樂的賺錢方式。III Comprehension of the Texts1. DIS can get a strong brand to sell to teen boys, which has remained a market blank for the company. 2. To acquire other companies/brands. 3. 1) Just months after taking the job, Iger engineered the

17、 $6 billion acquisition of Pixar2) Early in 2009, Iger cut a distribution deal with Steven Spielberg's newly recreated DreamWorks film studio. 4. Because Marvel has made movies of some of its most profitable franchises for other studios, and has licensed its properties widely throughout the ente

18、rtainment world.5. No. The deal, which valued Marvel at $50 a share, represents a 28% premium to Marvel's stock price, which closed on Aug. 28 at $38.65.6. B7. No. The “shift” in Para. 2 is a verb, meaning “to sell”, while the “shift” in Para. 3 is a noun, meaning “a change”. 8. D9. C 10. To pay

19、 for his huge shopping sprees and the upkeep of “Neverland”, his ranch in California.11. A12. B13. Elvis Presley is mentioned in Para. 8 to make a sharp contrast with Michael Jackson, suggesting that Jackson cannot reach the same level in art as Presley.14. BUNIT 3 EntertainmentI Vocabulary Builder1

20、. Terms translation1) egg-laying chickens2) extend ones limbs3) be not subject to the new law4) fulfill ones promise5) breed6) signed a petition7) cast votes8) deliver a live report9) national security takes precedence over wildlife protection10) lighten restrictions11) standing on ones head12) be s

21、exually transmitted13) media blitz14) the Associated Press15) wait tables16) be divvied out to new owners17) furrowed brow18) national news agency19) ringing proclamation20) be prepared for the backlash2. Blank filling1) obsession 2) allergy 3) discreet 4) latent5) confined6) captivating7) dwindled8

22、) under the guise of 9) prompt10) weighed in11) eliminates12) breedII Sentence Translation1. 而海軍方面指出其志愿救生員在附近發(fā)現(xiàn)鯨魚或海豚時，會減少聲納的使用以保護(hù)海洋哺乳動物。雖然海軍得以繼續(xù)在南加利福尼亞海岸訓(xùn)練，但環(huán)境學(xué)家們還是贏得了部分勝利，因?yàn)檫@條規(guī)定并未給予海軍方面全部自由，他們必須準(zhǔn)備一份未來訓(xùn)練對環(huán)境影響的報告。2. 然而，人們廣泛擔(dān)憂市民可能會成為猛犬的下一個攻擊對象，這種擔(dān)憂將人類昔日的好友推到了政府工作計劃名單上的第一位。3. 那些對肌肉強(qiáng)勁，下頜粗壯的猛犬著迷的人會通過猛犬雜交

23、的方式規(guī)避法律，比如馬士提夫獒犬和斗牛犬的“狗雜種”就是完全合法的。實(shí)際上，英國已經(jīng)有人這么做了。4. 他指出：“其他（雜種）狗要么是兩條狗在郊區(qū)草叢繁茂處歡樂一場后的結(jié)晶，要么是那些（愛兇猛大）狗的混蛋們故意讓狗雜交配種后的產(chǎn)物。5. 丹麥每年約有四萬只雜種狗出生，這樣大規(guī)模地“打狗”是令人擔(dān)憂的。III Comprehension of the Texts1. This Proposition has both advocates and opponents. The opponents argued that this proposition will increase the cost

24、 of egg producers of California state so that their eggs will be less competitive in price than those of other states. The advocates disagree because a study indicates that the little price increase in California eggs will be acceptable by the majority of California customers. 2. It means the farmer

25、s out of the state of California. 3. No. Because his daughter Malia is allergic to sort of dogs. 4. President Obama.5. Because the report petted the dog when it was not in a good mood. 6. The sonar pulses damage the hearing organs of whales and dolphins and can also hinder their ability to mate, fin

26、d food and navigate. Some sonar pulses appear to have caused whales to strand themselves on shore, with necropsies finding signs of internal bleeding near their ears.7. No. Because the virus is latent in elephants in the wild as well as in captivity.8. F 9. Their main defense is basically hanging ar

27、ound, looking like a twig10. Grooming service, i.e. nit-picking. 11. Macaque; simians12. They set up a live satellite feed. 13. Once in two weeks. 14. Mr Moller claims this is the only way to eliminate aggressive traits from the doggy gene pool.15. Indignant comments about Nazis and racial cleansing

28、 have swamped online forums.UNIT 4 FoodI Vocabulary Builder1. Definition1) wreak havoc: do serious harm to; cause damage or problem2) presume: assume; suppose; to be sure of sth. but without proof3) originate: come from; develop from4) indication: sign; suggestion; hint; proof5) waded through: read

29、sth that is long or difficult to read, without interest or enjoyment6) output: quantity of production; yields7) embrace: eagerly accept8) excess: a larger amount of something than is allowed or needed9) dissect: to cut up the body of a dead animal or person in order to study it10) grapple with: to t

30、ry hard to deal with or understand something difficult2. Blank filling1) exposure 2) retain 3) presumed 4) erupted5) gross6) yield7) unfold8) adaptation9) definitive10) advocateII Sentence Translation1. 一些人宣稱對很多食物過敏，而他們列出的過敏食物清單之長讓人不禁懷疑，這是那些對吃過分挑剔的人在為自己對食物的愛憎找個合理依據(jù)。2. 然而，當(dāng)我旁觀這場有機(jī)食品防御戰(zhàn)慢慢展開，我體會到了一種令人不

31、快的似曾相識之感。如果過去發(fā)生的事情預(yù)示著現(xiàn)在，那么我們這些一直追蹤有機(jī)食品論戰(zhàn)的人現(xiàn)在就已注定了要在將來苦讀成堆的研究資料，研究有機(jī)食品和傳統(tǒng)食品哪種對健康更有利。3. 當(dāng)有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的捍衛(wèi)者們開始拿出研究成果試圖證明，如一個有機(jī)番茄的黃酮類化合物比傳統(tǒng)番茄高出97%，那么他們已經(jīng)陷入了致命的誤區(qū)。4. 科學(xué)背后的數(shù)據(jù)可能是可靠的，但是這種科學(xué)淪落到以數(shù)據(jù)比較判斷質(zhì)量，這完全是有機(jī)運(yùn)動的創(chuàng)始人們所鄙視的。5. 真正重要的是，有機(jī)食品能做到其他食品生產(chǎn)工業(yè)所無法做到的：有機(jī)工業(yè)運(yùn)作的前提是大自然有一套自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)體系，該體系超越了事實(shí)和數(shù)字，將大自然的地位放在短期利益之上，其運(yùn)作機(jī)制所基于的邏輯原理

32、是無法量化的。III Comprehension of the Texts1. People who are lactose intolerant can't digest the main sugar lactose found in milk. In normal humans, the enzyme that does so lactase stops being produced when the person is between two and five years old.2. Sweden has one of the worlds higest percentages

33、 of lactase tolerant people. 3. We shouldn't really call lactose intolerance a disease, because that presumes it's abnormal. Instead, they call it “l(fā)actase persistence”, indicating what's really weird is the ability to continue to drink milk.4. The mutation showed up first in Northern Eu

34、rope, where people got less vitamin D from the sun and therefore did better if they could also get the crucial hormone (it's not really a vitamin at all) from milk.5. The theory shows that the mutation actually appeared about 7,500 years ago in dairy farmers who lived in a region between the cen

35、tral Balkans and central Europe. 6. The European mutation is different from several lactase persistence genes associated with small populations of African peoples. And they found three other mutations. 7. Because the advocates think the PSA didnt take many important factors into account. For example

36、, the impact of synthetic fertilizer and insecticides; and the connection between the latter and Parkinsons Disease. 8. The first debate is about the yields/output of the organic food, with advocates arguing that organic can feed the world while detractors insist it would cause mass starvation. The

37、second debate is about the quality of organic food - whether organic food is healthier than conventionally produced food.9. To grow organically was, for these pioneers, to directly oppose the excesses of industrialization. A farm, these men and women argued, shouldn't be a factory. Nature, unlik

38、e an assembly line, could not be dissected into a scattering of individual pieces and rearranged to maximize productivity. Its inputs and outputs were beyond the logic of measurement.UNIT 5 CrimeI. Vocabulary Builder1. Terms translation1) surveillance camera2) sliding down ropes from store skylights

39、3) be granted permanent residency4) criminal records for theft and fraud5) a gambling arcade6) forensic expert7) detain someone indefinitely8) lack of conclusive evidence9) Paternity test10) crime scene11) serving a sentence12) drug smuggling13) issue an arrest warrant 14) statute of limitation15) t

40、ap ones phone lines16) administration of justice17) forensic science 18) categorical proof19) hold unrealistic expectations20) television drama series21) the defendant22) true culprit 23) defence lawyers24) prosecutors25) ending in acquittals26) the taping shut of envelopes27) a cigarette butt28) mo

41、rally unimpeachable individuals2. Blank filling1) subtext 2) convicted 3) deadlock 4) deduce 5) upshot 6) disciplines 7) demonstrating 8) relevant 9) prospective 10) mitate 3. Synonym finder1) murder2) manslaughter3) homicide 4) convict5) verdict6) sentenced7) convicted8) verdictII. Sentence Transla

42、tion1. 這是一個編劇們鐘愛的題材：完美犯罪。但在好萊塢犯罪電影中有這樣一條法則，即使最高明的陰謀也常常因意外事故而脫軌。而在現(xiàn)實(shí)中的德國，一起盜竊案卻公然藐視了該法則及該法則背后所負(fù)載的道德理念：犯罪沒有好結(jié)果。2. 比起那些清白之人也會遭遇牢獄之災(zāi)的地方，我寧肯住在一個有罪之人因證據(jù)不足而可以脫罪之處。3. 盡管他曾因強(qiáng)奸罪而服刑，但陪審團(tuán)還是無法達(dá)成一致的判決，因此法官宣布了無效審判。4. 從積極的一方面來說，陪審員認(rèn)為科學(xué)能夠解決犯罪，這種錯誤理念可以讓辯護(hù)律師從中獲益，因?yàn)橹灰狈δ軌蚪鉀Q犯罪的證據(jù)就意味著存在合理懷疑，從而有理由宣判（被告）無罪。5. 從另一方面說，辯護(hù)律師會發(fā)

43、現(xiàn)自己需要痛苦地向陪審團(tuán)解釋，在犯罪現(xiàn)場發(fā)現(xiàn)的指紋、DNA或是其他類型物證和數(shù)據(jù)庫中儲存的樣本完全對應(yīng)這種情況實(shí)際上只是電視劇虛構(gòu)出的種種手段之一。III. Comprehension of the Texts1. Three masked, gloved thieves grabbed 5,000,000 ($6,800,000) worth of jewelry from the cases of KaDeWe. 2. The DNA of one of the suspects was found in a drop of sweat on a discarded latex glove

44、 next to a rope ladder used to reach the ground floor.3. The authorities had no choice as the court ruling made clear: "From the evidence we have, we can deduce that at least one of the brothers took part in the crime, but it has not been possible to determine which one. 4. Identical twins shar

45、e 99.99% of their genetic information, and the tiny differences are impossible to isolate due to their nature they tend to be spontaneous mutations limited to certain organs or tissues. "Identifying those differences would amount to dissecting the suspects5. Yes. There are 1) A jury in a rape t

46、rial in Houston in 2005; 2) In 2004 in Boston, another rape trial; 3) Earlier in 2008, a drug smuggling case. 6. No. If fresh evidence emerges, a new arrest warrant can be issued against Hassan and Abbas O. any time within the next 10 years. 7. “CSI effect” means “the phenomenon in which jurors hold

47、 unrealistic expectations of forensic evidence and investigation techniques, and have an increased interest in the discipline of forensic science.” 8. Three. They are Bernard Knight, Monica Robbers and Evan Durnal . 9. The most obvious symptom of the CSI effect is that jurors think they have a thoro

48、ugh understanding of science they have seen presented on television, when they do not.10. Because they had to be sure that prospective jurors were not judging scientific evidence by television standards . 11. 1) using bleach to destroy DNA tracks; 2) wearing of gloves to avoid leaving finger prints;

49、 3) using taping shut of envelopes.12. The CSI effect is born of a longing to believe that desirable, clever and morally unimpeachable individuals are fighting to clear the names of the innocent and put the bad guys behind bars.UNIT 6 DisasterI Vocabulary Builder1. Terms translation1) Swiss resort o

50、f Davos2) stride through a grain field 3) squatted down to talk to local farmers4) global downturn5) high-profile promises6) battered dirt roads7) drought-relief campaign8) socialist solidarity9) selfless devotion10) water diversion projects11) lower water-tables12) inflate the death toll13) karaoke

51、 music14) vending machine15) fire drills16) the basic tenets of civilization17) lights flicker off and on18) administer cpr19) dress wounds20) get access to the data base2. Blank filling1) plagued 2) precipitation 3) reckon 4) virtues5) woes6) toll7) concede8) vulnerable9) odds10) refining11) mandat

52、ory12) hierarchy13) intensify14) stumbled15) overwhelmedII Sentence Translation1. 中國該地區(qū)缺水的現(xiàn)象由來已久，（中國）政府也一直在致力于解決該問題。2. 精心打造的紅旗渠紀(jì)念館位于林州附近，據(jù)紀(jì)念館的官方介紹，紅旗渠在20世紀(jì)60年代開始建造，歷時十年，幾乎全由工人們手工開鑿，全長1500公里，并附有462個水庫和池塘。3. 但他指出，從長遠(yuǎn)看工作重心必須轉(zhuǎn)移到節(jié)約用水，高效用水，以及合理制定城市水價，使城市用水者也付出該出的那份錢。4. 我們將城市建造在颶風(fēng)的必經(jīng)之路，將住宅區(qū)設(shè)立于地震斷層帶上，好像大自然會

53、被我們大膽莽撞所威脅，就這樣讓我們?yōu)樗麨榱?。我們的必需品（如取暖和食物）供給網(wǎng)絡(luò)距離我們的住所極遠(yuǎn)。如果斷電，大多數(shù)人都不知道高層建筑物的樓梯所在；沒有沃爾瑪超市，我們能否活過一周都是個問題。5. 火警訓(xùn)練，尤其是法律規(guī)定的和人們意料之外的那種，能戲劇般幫助人們在最糟糕的情況出現(xiàn)時減輕恐懼。III Comprehension of the Texts1. He appeared to inspect the drought-relief work there and to comfort and encourage the local people. 2. The government ha

54、s declared a “Level 1” emergency for the worst drought in 50 years, authorising an extra 300m yuan ($44m) in special drought-relief spending. It will finance everything from cloud-seeding rockets to the digging of new wells and tankers to deliver water.3. This years winter-wheat harvest is at risk.4

55、. Because the global downturn has hit Chinas exporters hard, and millions of rural migrants have lost their jobs in coastal factories and returned to their villages.5. Like many of her neighbours, Fang Yue-ling, a farmer, was confident such high-profile promises would presage more assistance.6. A Pi

56、ngdong villager Guo Yongxin says he knows nothing of the governments drought-relief campaign. He also says “We rely on the heavens for our water and we know it wont come to us from any place else.”7. To demonstrate that the water inadequacy issue is an old consisting problem to the central part of C

57、hina, and the Chinese government has always tried to solve this problem. 8. A hidden ironic attitude. 9. Because when supplies tighten, urban and industrial users usually have priority, not the farmers. 10. Since the 1950s China has been digging ever deeper wells, and building ever more dams, canals, and water diversion projects, which ending up with the lower water-tables and depleted