常用電力電子器件特性測試

1、實驗二：常用電力電子器件特性測試(一)實驗?zāi)康?1)掌握幾種常用電力電子器件(SCRGTOMOSFETIGBT)的工作特性;(2)掌握各器件的參數(shù)設(shè)置方法,以及對觸發(fā)信號的要求.(二)實驗原理Vak+SWRonIakVakIakgLonVfwv,+1L圖1.MATLAB電力電子器件模型MATLAB*力電子器件模型使用的是簡化的宏模型,只要求器件的外特性與實際器件特性根本相符.MATLAB4力電子器件模型主要仿真了電力電子器件的開關(guān)特性,并且不同電力電子器件模型都具有類似的模型結(jié)構(gòu).模型中的電阻Ron和直流電壓源Vf分別用來反映電力電子器件的導(dǎo)通電阻和導(dǎo)通時的門檻電壓.用聯(lián)電感限制了器件開關(guān)過程

2、中的電流升降速度,模擬器件導(dǎo)通或關(guān)斷時的動態(tài)過程.MATLAB*力電子器件模型一般都沒有考慮器件關(guān)斷時的漏電流.在MATLAB*力電子器件模型中已經(jīng)并聯(lián)了簡單的RC串聯(lián)緩沖電路,在參數(shù)表中設(shè)置,名稱分別為Rs和Cso更復(fù)雜的緩沖電路那么需要另外建立.對于MOSFETK型還反并聯(lián)了二極管,在使用中要注意,需要設(shè)置體內(nèi)二極管的正向壓降Vf和等效電阻R&對于GTOF口IGBT需要設(shè)置電流下降時間Tf和電流拖尾時間Tt.MATLAB勺電力電子器件必須連接在電路中使用,也就是要有電流的回路,但是器件的驅(qū)動僅僅是取決于門極信號的有無,沒有電壓型和電流型驅(qū)動的區(qū)別,也不需要形成驅(qū)動的回路.盡管模型與實際器件

3、工作有差異,但使MATLAB力電子器件模型與限制連接的時候很方便.MATLAB電力電子器件模型中含有電感,因此具有電流源的性質(zhì),所以在模塊參數(shù)中還包含了IC即初始電流項.此外也不能開路工作.含電力電子模型的電路或系統(tǒng)仿真時,仿真算法一般采用剛性積分算法,如ode23tb、ode15so電力電子器件的模塊上,一般都帶有一個測量輸出端口,通過輸出端m可以觀測器件的電壓和電流.本實驗將電力電子器件和負載電阻串聯(lián)后接至直流電源的兩端,給器件提供觸發(fā)信號,使器件觸發(fā)導(dǎo)通.(三)實驗內(nèi)容(1)在MATLAB/Simulink中構(gòu)建仿真電路,設(shè)置相關(guān)參數(shù).(2)改變器件和觸發(fā)脈沖的參數(shù)設(shè)置,觀察器件的導(dǎo)通情

4、況及負載端電壓、器件電流的變化情況.(四)實驗過程與結(jié)果分析1 .仿真系統(tǒng)Matlab平臺2 .仿真參數(shù)(1) Thyristor參數(shù)設(shè)置:直流源和電阻參數(shù)：LCSquicv(me力(link)IckalIColrajs勁ui已包Psrsi-ri3r?Ar成hnid90rh20XtULUtnLltH器件和觸發(fā)脈沖參數(shù):BlckPa-ranfwlEn:物riitafOThyri3fteir(rkaat)CliTk)Thyrirtartv-p丁vithserie-?KCsaiwfeb廿丁FireTj.it,Inon-RHi1七theThjriTtnrridel孫itYternsl3iatiCi國m

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21、iDdf噌加WUBHiblQSt&|tSClV#.tnP&rueteTJPulselyg;EarjiLg七三33也Tiltt):LFr氈jiirjl&tiM.1im*JbiFlituds-:1FiriodlihumberofhmdI虱,dBPuleeHidth.ntznliernfranplfsletzne:Int看工口:eEvertar叩出q-DinKCancelEL&lp)|50FlLLfti1jlu/(llUlltluftUlilJilA,1圖103.仿真波形與分析(1) Thyristor的仿真模型和仿真波形如下:圖13、Thyristor的仿真模型和仿真波形2波形分析：Thyristor為半控型器件,觸發(fā)脈沖只能觸發(fā)導(dǎo)通,無法使其關(guān)斷.器件的電壓和負載端電壓由器件的導(dǎo)通電阻和負載的電阻值按